Effects of weed control, fertilization, and soil cultivation on the growth of Pinus radiata at midrotation in Canterbury, New Zealand

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 985-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
E G Mason ◽  
P G Milne
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Regional Growth ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Initial Time ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
Soil Cultivation

Two factorial experiments examining effects of weed control, fertilization, and soil cultivation on Pinus radiata D. Don growth were established in the Canterbury region of New Zealand during 1983. The experiments were measured every year for the first 5 years, during which effects of both weed control and fertilization were detected. Midrotation measurements of height and diameter at breast height were taken. Growth in subplot mean height and basal area per unit area over 3 years in one case and 4 years in the other, up to ages 13 and 14, respectively, was analysed. Results showed that the initial time gain due to weed control and fertilization was preserved at midrotation and that there was no continuing divergence between treated and untreated subplots after weed control. There was, however, continuing divergence after fertilization on one site where topsoil had been shifted into heaps during land clearing. Modelling revealed that effects of weed control and fertilization on basal area growth and yield of stands could be represented by the same difference equation with an additive term to represent the effects of treatments. On the other hand an existing regional growth and yield model failed to represent these effects properly.

scholarly journals A preliminary growth and yield model for Eucalyptus globoidea Blakely plantations in New Zealand

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serajis Salekin ◽  
Euan G. Mason ◽  
Justin Morgenroth ◽  
Dean F. Meason
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Forest Industry ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Plantation Forest ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
Growth And Yield Model ◽  
Growth And Yield Models

Background: New Zealand’s plantation forest industry is dominated by the exotic species radiata pine (Pinus radiata D.Don), which comprises approximately 90% of the net stocked area. However, there is interest in introducing new species to: (a) provide wood that is naturally decay-resistant as a substitute for wood treated with preservatives; (b) match species to the wide variety of environmental conditions in New Zealand; and (c) reduce reliance on P. radiata. Some Eucalyptus species are considered as potential alternatives to P. radiata, specifically those that can survive in resource-limited conditions and produce high quality wood. While Eucalyptus species are grown in plantations in many regions of the world, limited information is available on their growth in New Zealand. Eucalyptus globoidea Blakley is of particular interest and has been planted in trials throughout New Zealand. A complete set of preliminary growth and yield models for this species will satisfy the initial information requirements for diversifying New Zealand’s plantation forest industry. Methods: A set of growth and yield models was developed and validated, based on data from 29 E. globoidea permanent sample plots (PSPs) located mostly in North Island and a few in South Island of New Zealand. Trees were measured at different time intervals in these plots, with height and diameter at breast height (DBH) ranging from 0.1–39.8 m and 0.1–62.3 cm, respectively. An algebraic difference approach (ADA) was applied to model mean top height, basal area, maximum diameter, and standard deviation of DBH. Non-linear regression equations were used to project stand volume and height-diameter relationship, and Reineke’s stand density index (SDI) approach was employed to model mortality. Results: Mean top height, maximum diameter, and standard deviation of DBH were best fitted by Von Bertalanffy-Richards (SE=1.1 m), Hossfeld (SE=2.4 cm), and Schumacher polymorphic (SE=1.6 cm) difference equations, respectively. Basal area data were modelled with high precision (SE=6.9 m2 ha-1) by the Schumacher anamorphic difference equation. Reineke’s SDI approach was able to explain the self-thinning as a reduction in the number of stems per hectare. Stand-level volume per hectare and height-diameter relationship models were precise when including site-specific variables with standard errors of 40.5 m3 ha-1 and 3.1 m, respectively. Conclusion: This study presents a set of preliminary growth and yield models for E. globoidea to project plot-level growth attributes. The models were path invariant and satisfied basic traditional mensurational-statistical growth and yield model assumptions. These models will provide forest growers and managers with important fundamental information about the growth and yield of E. globoidea.

A Growth and Yield Model for Improved Eastern Cottonwood Plantations in the Lower Mississippi Delta

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quang V. Cao ◽  
Kenneth M. Durand
Keyword(s):  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Mississippi Delta ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
Eastern Cottonwood ◽  
Volume Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield Model

Abstract A compatible growth and yield model was developed based on remeasurement data collected from 183 plots on unthinned improved eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides Bartr.) plantations in the lower Mississippi Delta. The Sullivan and Clutter (1972) equation form was selected for predicting cubic-foot volume yield and projecting volume from site index and initial age and basal area. Yield equations explained 97% and 94%, respectively, of the variations in total outside bark and merchantable inside bark volumes. Mean annual increment of merchantable volume culminated between 8 and 15 years, depending on site index and initial basal area. South. J. Appl. For. 15(4):213-216.

scholarly journals Stand-Level Components of a Growth and Yield Model for Nothofagus Mixed Forests from Southern Chile

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 810
Author(s):  
Sebastian Palmas ◽  
Paulo C. Moreno ◽  
Wendel P. Cropper ◽  
Alicia Ortega ◽  
Salvador A. Gezan
Keyword(s):  
Forest Type ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
Mixed Forests

Reliable information on stand dynamics and development is needed to improve management decisions on mixed forests, and essential tools for this purpose are forest growth and yield (G&Y) models. In this study, stand-level G&Y models were built for cohorts within the natural mixed second-growth Nothofagus-dominated forests in Chile. All currently available (but limited) data, consisting of a series of stratified temporary and permanent plots established in the complete range of this forest type, were used to fit and validate these models. Linear and nonlinear models were considered, where dominant stand age, number of trees, and the proportion of basal area of Nothofagus species resulted in significant predictors to project future values of stand basal area for the different cohorts (with R2 > 0.51 for the validation datasets). Mortality was successfully modeled (R2 = 0.79), based on a small set of permanent plots, using the concept of self-thinning with a proposed model defined by the idea that, as stands get closer to a maximum density, they experience higher levels of mortality. The evaluation of these models indicated that they adequately represent the current understanding of dynamics of basal area and mortality of Nothofagus and companion species in these forests. These are the first models fitted over a large geographical area that consider the dynamics of these mixed forests. It is suggested that the proposed models should constitute the main components of future implementations of G&Y model systems.

scholarly journals A Growth and Yield Model Incorporating Hardwood Competition for Natural Loblolly Pine Stands in the Georgia Piedmont

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey W. Martin ◽  
Graham H. Brister
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Projection Equations ◽  
Georgia Piedmont ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Using 5 yr remeasurement data from even-aged natural loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) stands in the Georgia Piedmont, a system of growth equations was developed to project pine yield over time that accounts for hardwood competition. In this system, the increase in the proportion of hardwood basal area over time is estimated, then the projected pine basal area and trees per acre are adjusted inversely to account for this increase. The parameter estimates for this system ensure compatibility between volume prediction and projection equations and the proportion of hardwood basal area, pine basal area, dominant height, and trees per acre projection equations. The whole-stand growth and yield system developed here coupled with published merchantable yield equations allow for the evaluation of the impact of hardwoods on future stand yield and product distributions. The results indicate that the impact of hardwood competition on pine yield is substantial and occurs mainly as a reduction in sawtimber volume. South. J. Appl. For. 16(3):179-185.

scholarly journals A New Whole-Stand Model for Unmanaged Loblolly and Slash Pine Plantations in East Texas

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean W. Coble
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Yield Model

Abstract A new compatible whole-stand growth-and-yield model to predict total tree cubic-foot volume per acre yield (outside and inside bark) was developed for unmanaged loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) and slash pine (Pinus elliottii) plantations in East Texas. This model was compared with the noncompatible whole-stand model of Lenhart (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15-2127">Lenhart, 1996</xref>, Total and partial stand-level yield prediction for loblolly and slash pine plantations in east Texas, South. J. Appl. For. 20(1):36–41) and the <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15-2127">Lenhart (1996)</xref> model refit to current data. For the two species, all three models were evaluated with independent observed data. The model developed in this study outperformed both Lenhart models in prediction of future yield and basal area per acre for all age classes combined and by 5-year age classes. The Lenhart models consistently overestimated yield and basal area per acre. All three models predicted surviving trees per acre similarly. An example is also provided to show users how to use the new whole-stand model.

Compatible basal-area growth and yield model for thinned and unthinned stands

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Bailey ◽  
Kenneth D. Ware
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
Projection Model ◽  
Quadratic Mean ◽  
Basal Area Growth ◽  
Area Growth ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Quadratic Mean Diameter

A measure of kind and level of thinning is developed and its relationship to other stand attributes such as number of trees, basal area, and volume removed in thinning is quantified. This measure or thinning index is based on the ratio of the quadratic mean diameter of thinned trees to the quadratic mean diameter of all trees before thinning. The thinning index is then logically incorporated into a thinning multiplier from which is derived a compatible basal-area growth projection model to generalize the previous concepts for thinning effects in systems for predicting growth and yield. Empirical tests with data from thinned and unthinned natural stands of loblolly pine, from thinned and unthinned slash pine plantations, and from thinned western larch stands show the model to provide estimates with improved properties. Hence, the thinning index and the thinning multiplier are also proposed for other situations involving effects of thinning.

Compatible basal-area growth and yield model for thinned and unthinned stands

1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-295
Author(s):  
Robert L. Bailey ◽  
Kenneth D. Ware
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
Basal Area Growth ◽  
Area Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield Model

not available

A Whole-Stand Growth and Yield Model for Interior Douglas-Fir

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 120-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianjun Zhang ◽  
James A. Moore ◽  
James D. Newberry
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Model ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
Projection System ◽  
Tree Survival

Abstract A whole-stand model, Simulation Of Stands (SOS), was developed for even-aged Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca) stands in the inland Northwest. The model consists of three new components: (1) volume prediction model, (2) basal area prediction model, and (3) survival model. Existing height growth models were used to estimate stand top height growth. The behavior and performance of SOS were evaluated by simulating stand development over time under alternative conditions and comparing the results with growth and yield concepts suggested in the literature. The predicted stand attributes from SOS were also compared with predictions from the Stand Prognosis Model and Stand Projection System (SPS). SOS behavior was similar to Prognosis for lower site indices, but more like SPS for higher site indices. The three models differed mainly with respect to stand top height growth and tree survival. West. J. Appl. For. 8(4):120-125.

Towards a nationwide growth and yield model for radiata pine plantations in New Zealand

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 2533-2543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helge Dzierzon ◽  
Euan G Mason
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Radiata Pine ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
A Site ◽  
Modelling Approaches

A study was designed to evaluate a forest stand modelling approach for management use that can be applied across a wide range of site types and climatic regions. Radiata pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) plantations dominate New Zealand's forestry sector; thus, this species was the subject of the study. A major goal of the study was to compare different modelling approaches, which combine simplicity and site sensitivity. Therefore, two general modelling approaches were investigated: a site-stratified and a physiological hybrid approach. Both approaches were implemented by using difference equations. The investigation revealed more consistently improved fits of stratified models, although the fitting process showed potential bias of parameter estimates. On the other hand, the hybrid approach resulted in promising results, especially for stand basal area. The introduction of climate and site variables showed less improvement for mean top height than for basal area. The application of the model on regional scales resulted in an improved prediction in a region with plenty of growth limitations, but less precise results in a region where growth was limited primarily by light and temperature. In the whole, results of the hybrid approach will encourage further studies that incorporate more sophisticated approaches for depicting physiological processes.

scholarly journals A Growth and Yield Model for Eucalyptus benthamii in the Southeastern United States

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin B Hall ◽  
Jl Stape ◽  
Bronson P Bullock ◽  
Doug Frederick ◽  
Jeff Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
Dominant Height ◽  
Growth And Yield Model ◽  
Rotation Age

Abstract In recent Eucalyptus cold-tolerance trials, E. benthamii has shown good growth rates as well as cold tolerance for USDA Plant Hardiness Zones 8 and 9. This study developed growth and yield models for E. benthamii in the southeastern United States. A network of 182 temporary sample plots of E. benthamii ranging in age from 1.5 to 13.3 years was established, and inventory data were collected. Site quality was determined by fitting a polymorphic site index curve, whereas a function for stand basal area based on age, dominant height, and site occupancy was fitted. Stand-level volume and dry-weight biomass prediction equations were fitted as a function of dominant height and basal area. Based on the growth and yield model results, mean annual increments ranged from 26.4 m3 ha–1 year–1 at rotation age 6 years on the best sites to 13.7 m3 ha–1 year–1 at rotation age 10 years on the poorest sites. This is the first published set of management-oriented models for land managers considering planting E. benthamii in the southeastern United States.

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