A comparison of adductor pollicis fatigue in older men and women

Sex differences in fatigue resistance of the adductor pollicis (AP) muscle were studied in 24 older adults who were divided into three groups: 12 older men (69.8 ± 4.60 years), 6 older women not on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) (70.2 ± 4.02 years), and 6 older women on HRT (68.7 ± 6.47 years). Fatigue in the AP muscle was induced using an intermittent (5 s contraction, 5 s rest) submaximal voluntary contraction (50% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC)) protocol, which was continued until exhaustion (i.e., when subjects could either no longer maintain a 5-s contraction at 50% MVC or when the MVC was deemed to be lower than the target force). There was no effect of HRT on MVC or time to fatigue (TTF); therefore, the older women were pooled as one subject group. At baseline, men were stronger than women for MVC (75.9 ± 18.8 N in men vs. 56.8 ± 10.0 N in women; P < 0.05) and evoked twitch force (7.3 ± 1.7 N in men vs. 5.2 ± 0.8 N in women; P < 0.05). There was no difference in TTF between men and women (14.77 ± 7.06 min in men vs. 11.53 ± 4.91 min in women; P > 0.20), nor was there a significant relationship between baseline muscle force and TTF (r = 0.14). There was also no difference in the pattern of fatigue and recovery between the men and women. These results suggest that there is no difference in endurance or fatigue characteristics of the AP muscle in men and women over the age of 65 years, and that baseline muscle force does not predict fatigue resistance in this muscle.Key words: muscle fatigue, aging, gender differences.

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Key Life Differences for Older Men and Women

Uchenye Zapiski RGSU ◽

10.17922/2071-5323-2021-20-2-63-70 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 63-70

Author(s):

Dmitriy V. Savchenko ◽

◽

Svetlana N. Tereshchuk ◽

Keyword(s):

Older Women ◽

Rank Correlation ◽

The Elderly ◽

Older Men ◽

Spearman Rank Correlation ◽

Men And Women ◽

Spearman Rank ◽

Difference Criterion ◽

Older Men And Women ◽

Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient

This article examines the issue of gender differences in attitudes towards life in older people. The study found that older women are more positive about life than men. To process the research results, such methods of mathematical statistics as the Spearman rank correlation coefficient and the Mann– Whitney difference criterion were used. Based on the results of the work carried out, recommendations were formulated for specialists working with the elderly.

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Conversations between Older Men and Women: Turn-Taking and Topics

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1996.83.3f.1330 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 83 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 1330-1330 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mary Martin ◽

Priscilla Davis ◽

Jess Dancer

Keyword(s):

Older Women ◽

Older Men ◽

Men And Women ◽

Turn Taking ◽

Older Men And Women

Five dyads of older men paired with older women were compared on the pragmatic variables of turn-taking and topicalization. Men talked longer and more often while women served to reinforce and maintain the conversational topics.

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Temperament and Personality as Functions of Age

The International Journal of Aging and Human Development ◽

10.2190/1qcy-vett-jjay-3ey1 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 42 (4) ◽

pp. 251-269 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Albert Mehrabian ◽

Jeffrey S. Blum

Keyword(s):

Older Women ◽

Psychological Adjustment ◽

Older Persons ◽

Older Men ◽

Men And Women ◽

Age Related ◽

Older Men And Women ◽

Temperament Trait

Age-related differences in three temperament (Trait Pleasure-displeasure, Trait Arousability, Trait-Dominance-submissiveness), and four personality (Achieving Tendency, Conformity, Shyness, Loneliness), scales were explored in three studies. Results, generally, were consistent with the hypothesis that scores on Trait Dominance and on trait measures that correlated positively with Trait Dominance (e.g., achievement) were lower for older persons. Achieving Tendency (assessed in Studies One and Three) was lower for older persons. Trait Dominance (assessed in 2 studies) was lower for older men and women in Study Two and lower for older women only in Study Three. In Study Three, two strong negative correlates of Trait Dominance (Conformity, Shyness) were higher for older women. Based on a consistent absence of age/Trait Pleasure relationships, no age-related differences in psychological adjustment-maladjustment were implied by the findings.

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Associations between Circulating Inflammatory Biomarkers and Indicators of Muscle Health in Older Men and Women

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10225316 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (22) ◽

pp. 5316

Author(s):

Oscar Bergens ◽

Andreas Nilsson ◽

Fawzi Kadi

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Women ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Older Men ◽

Activity Level ◽

Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽

Men And Women ◽

Biological Sex ◽

Muscle Health ◽

Older Men And Women

Systemic inflammation is believed to contribute to declining muscle health during aging. The present study aims to examine associations between indicators of muscle health and pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers in older men and women, while also considering the impacts of physical activity and protein intake. An assessment of skeletal muscle index (SMI) by bioelectrical impedance analysis, handgrip strength, and 5-sit-to-stand time, using standardized procedures, was conducted in a population of older men (n = 90) and women (n = 148) aged 65–70 years. The inflammatory biomarkers C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-18, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α were assessed in blood samples. Data were analyzed and stratified according to biological sex using multiple linear regression models. In older women, SMI was inversely associated with the pro-inflammatory markers CRP (β = −0.372; p < 0.05), fibrinogen (β = −0.376; p < 0.05), and IL-6 (β = −0.369; p < 0.05). Importantly, these associations were independent of abdominal adiposity (waist circumference), protein intake, physical activity level, as well as any adherence to muscle strengthening guidelines (≥2 sessions/week). In contrast, no corresponding associations were observed in men. In conclusion, our findings indicate the detrimental influence of a pro-inflammatory environment on muscle health regardless of important lifestyle-related factors in older women. However, the lack of such associations in older men highlights the importance of considering biological sex when examining the complex interaction between the systemic inflammatory environment and muscle health.

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Hemodynamics and brain blood flow during posture change in younger women and postmenopausal women compared with age-matched men

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.01204.2011 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 112 (9) ◽

pp. 1482-1493 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

H. Edgell ◽

A. D. Robertson ◽

R. L. Hughson

Keyword(s):

Older Women ◽

Young Women ◽

Stroke Volume Index ◽

Older Men ◽

Volume Index ◽

Men And Women ◽

Younger Women ◽

End Tidal ◽

Older Men And Women ◽

Forearm Vascular Resistance

Increased incidence of orthostatic hypotension and presyncopal symptoms in young women could be related to hormonal factors that might be isolated by comparing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular responses to postural change in young and older men and women. Seven young women, 11 young men, 10 older women (>1 yr postmenopausal, no hormone therapy), and 9 older men participated in a supine-to-sit-to-stand test while measuring systemic hemodynamics, end-tidal Pco2, and blood flow velocity of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). Women had a greater reduction in stroke volume index compared with age-matched men (change from supine to standing: young women: −22.9 ± 1.6 ml/m2; young men: −14.4 ± 2.4 ml/m2; older women: −17.4 ± 3.3 ml/m2; older men: −13.8 ± 2.2 ml/m2). This was accompanied by offsetting changes in heart rate, particularly in young women, resulting in no age or sex differences in cardiac output index. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was higher in older subjects and increased with movement to upright postures. Younger men and women had higher forearm vascular resistance that increased progressively in the upright posture compared with older men and women. There was no difference between sexes or ages in total peripheral resistance index. Women had higher MCA velocity, but both sexes had reduced MCA velocity while upright, which was a function of reduced blood pressure at the MCA and a significant reduction in end-tidal Pco2. The reductions in stroke volume index suggested impaired venous return in women, but augmented responses of heart rate and forearm vascular resistance protected MAP in younger women. Overall, these results showed significant sex and age-related differences, but compensatory mechanisms preserved MAP and MCA velocity in young women.

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Dimensions of Social Isolation and Weight Loss among Older Men and Women in S. Korea

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.3343 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 909-909

Author(s):

Youngjoon Bae ◽

Mark Pachucki

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Older Women ◽

Social Isolation ◽

Social Contact ◽

Older Men ◽

Living Alone ◽

Meal Frequency ◽

Men And Women ◽

Older Men And Women

Abstract Older men who live alone are typically believed to be highly susceptible to malnutrition. However, recent studies report their living alone status is associated with frailty negatively and with Type 2 diabetes positively. Meanwhile, older women who live alone are believed to be less susceptible to malnutrition, but qualitative research point out their high likelihood of malnutrition. There is little literature to explain these paradoxes. To evaluate this gap in understanding of how a metabolic process may be shaped by social context, this study examines whether different aspects of social isolation among older men and women (living alone, social contact, loneliness) are associated with adverse weight loss, as well as with indicators of meal frequency and body weight. For this, a data set comprised of 6,680 older adults from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging surveyed every two years from 2006 to 2018 was analyzed using panel regression models. Among older men, living alone was negatively associated with logged body weight even when considering loneliness but not associated with meal frequency and 5kg or more weight loss. Among older women, living alone was not associated with logged body weight but associated with fewer meals and 5kg or more weight loss. The association disappeared when considering loneliness. Unexpectedly, social contact was not significant to prevent adverse weight loss.

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Resistance Training Improves Knee Extension Power, Contractile Velocity, And Fatigue Resistance In Older Men And Women

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/00005768-200505001-00677 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 37 (Supplement) ◽

pp. S130

Author(s):

John K. Petrella ◽

Jeong-su Kim ◽

S. Craig Tuggle ◽

Samuel R. Hall ◽

Marcas M. Bamman

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Fatigue Resistance ◽

Older Men ◽

Knee Extension ◽

Men And Women ◽

Older Men And Women

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Description of Older Adults as Depicted in Magazine Advertisements

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1999.85.3.1051 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 85 (3) ◽

pp. 1051-1056 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Jasmin Tahmaseb McConatha ◽

Frauke Schnell ◽

Amy McKenna

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Older Women ◽

Print Media ◽

Older Men ◽

Negative Attitudes ◽

Men And Women ◽

Social Stereotypes ◽

News Magazines ◽

One Year ◽

Older Men And Women

Negative attitudes about aging have been widespread and films, television, radio, and print media may serve as an important source of socialization or reflect the current views of older adults. This study focused on examination of the frequency of depictions of older men and women in 765 advertisements appearing in Time and Newsweek national weekly news magazines, and on an analysis of their roles suggested in photographs depicting a total of 2,505 persons. These were collected over a one-year period and coded by three persons. Analysis indicated that older adults, especially older women, were not only presented infrequently but, when presented roles, were often passive or dependent as is consistent with social stereotypes.

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