Sex differences in spironolactone induction of rat intestinal and hepatic p-nitrophenol UDP-glucuronyltransferase

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 1385-1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviana A. Catania ◽  
Marcelo G. Luquita ◽  
María C. Carrillo ◽  
Aldo D. Mottino
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Intestinal Tissue ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Percent Increase ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Related Response ◽  
Intestinal Enzyme

In the present study we analyzed the effect of spironolactone administration on hepatic and intestinal p-nitrophenol-UDP-glucuronyltransferase activity. We used microsomal preparations from male and female Wistar rats to establish whether or not this effect was sex dependent. Enzyme activity was measured in the presence of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, a presumed physiological activator of the enzyme. Female but not male microsomes showed an increase in enzyme activity of both hepatic and intestinal tissue preparations in response to the inducer pretreatment. In addition, the inducer effect observed in female rats showed a tissue-related difference, since percent increase in the intestinal enzyme activity was greater than that in the liver (127 and 52%, respectively). These results suggest that factors regulating enzyme activity or mechanisms involved in the inducer effect of spironolactone could be different in the intestinal mucosa in comparison to the liver. A possible explanation of sex-related response to spironolactone administration was discussed.Key words: p-nitrophenol, UDP-glucuronyltransferase, spironolactone induction, sex differences.

An analysis of the course of infection of Moniliformis dubius (Acanthocephala) in rats

Parasitology ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. T. Crompton ◽  
D. E. Walters
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Oral Infections ◽  
The Third ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Average Recovery Rate ◽  
Marked Decline

An analysis of the course of infection of mixed oral infections of 12 cystacanths of Moniliformis dubius in 174 male and 179 female Wistar rats has been undertaken.There was a marked decline in the average recovery rate of worms of both sexes from hosts of both sexes during the course of the infection.Female worms from both male and female rats showed, on average, a greater power of survival than male worms from the third period (10–13 weeks) onwards.Male rats were found to retain, on average, a greater number of worms of both sexes than female rats.We wish to thank Miss Susan Arnold and Mr David Barnard for excellent technical help.

scholarly journals Tolerance to hypothermic and antinoceptive effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) vapor inhalation in rats

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques D. Nguyen ◽  
Yanabel Grant ◽  
Tony M. Kerr ◽  
Arnold Gutierrez ◽  
Maury Cole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Antinociceptive Effects ◽  
Female Wistar Rats

AbstractRationaleA reduced effect of a given dose of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) emerges with repeated exposure to the drug. This tolerance can vary depending on THC dose, exposure chronicity and the behavioral or physiological measure of interest. A novel THC inhalation system based on e-cigarette technology has been recently shown to produce the hypothermic and antinociceptive effects of THC in rats.ObjectiveTo determine if tolerance to these effects can be produced with repeated vapor inhalation.MethodsGroups of male and female Wistar rats were exposed to 30 minutes of inhalation of the propylene glycol (PG) vehicle or THC (200 mg/mL in PG) two or three times per day for four days. Rectal temperature changes and nociception were assessed after the first exposure on the first and fourth days of repeated inhalation.ResultsFemale, but not male, rats developed tolerance to the hypothermic and antinociceptive effects of THC after four days of twice-daily THC vapor inhalation. Thrice daily inhalation for four days resulted in tolerance in both male and female rats. The plasma THC levels reached after a 30 minute inhalation session did not differ between the male and female rats.ConclusionsRepeated daily THC inhalation induces tolerance in female and male rats, providing further validation of the vapor inhalation method for preclinical studies.AbbreviationsPG, propylene glycol; THC; Δ9tetrahydrocannabinol;

A Preliminary 13-Week Oral Toxicity Study of Ginger Oil in Male and Female Wistar Rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 662-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kottarapat Jeena ◽  
Vijayastelter B. Liju ◽  
Ramadasan Kuttan
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Adverse Effect Level ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Effect Level

Zingiber officinale Roscoe, ginger, is a major spice extensively used in traditional medicine. The toxicity profile of ginger oil was studied by subchronic oral administration for 13 weeks at doses of 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg per day to 6 groups of Wistar rats (5/sex per dose). Separate groups of rats (5/sex per group) received either paraffin oil (vehicle) or were untreated and served as comparative control groups. There was no mortality and no decrease in body weight or food consumption as well as selective organ weights during the study period. Administration of ginger oil to rats did not produce any treatment-related changes in hematological parameters, hepatic, renal functions, serum electrolytes, or in histopathology of selected organs. The major component of ginger oil was found to be zingiberene (31.08%), and initial studies indicated the presence of zingiberene in the serum after oral dosing. These results confirmed that ginger oil is not toxic to male and female rats following subchronic oral administrations of up to 500 mg/kg per day (no observed adverse effect level [NOAEL]).

scholarly journals Locomotor and Reinforcing Effects of Pentedrone, Pentylone and Methylone in Rats

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrak Javadi-Paydar ◽  
Jacques D. Nguyen ◽  
Sophia A. Vandewater ◽  
Tobin J. Dickerson ◽  
Michael A. Taffe
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Structural Motif ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Reinforcing Effects

AbstractThe broad diversity of synthetic cathinone psychostimulant drugs that are available to users complicates research efforts to provide understanding of health risks. Second generation cathinones pentedrone and pentylone are distinguished from each other by the 3,4-methylenedioxy structural motif (which distinguishes methamphetamine from 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) and each incorporates the α-alkyl chain motif contained in the transporter-inhibitor cathinones (3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV), α-pyrrolidinopentiophenone (α-PVP)) but not in the monoamine releasers (mephedrone, methylone). Studies were conducted in male and female Wistar rats to compare locomotor and thermoregulatory effects of pentedrone, pentylone and methylone using an implanted radiotelemetry system. Reinforcing effects were assessed in female Wistar rats trained in the intravenous self-administration (IVSA) procedure and subjected to dose-substitution (0.025-0.3 m/gkg/inf) under a fixed-ratio 1 response contingency. Pentedrone, pentylone and methylone dose-effect curves were contrasted with those for α-PVP and α-pyrrolidinohexiophenone (α-PHP). Dose dependent increases in locomotion were observed after intraperitoneal injection of pentylone (0.5-10.0 mg/kg), pentedrone (0.5-10.0 mg/kg) or mephedrone (0.5-10.0 mg/kg) in male and female rats. The maximum locomotor effect was similar across drugs but lasted longest after pentedrone. Mean body temperature did not vary systematically more than 0.5 °C after pentedrone or pentylone in either sex. A sustained hyperthermia (0.4-0.8 °C) was observed for four hours after 10 mg/kg methylone in male rats. More infusions of pentedrone or pentylone were self-administered compared with methylone, but all three were less potent than α-PVP or α-PHP. These studies support the inference that second generation cathinones pentylone and pentedrone have abuse liability greater than that of methylone.

scholarly journals Faecal corticosterone metabolite assessment in socially housed male and female Wistar rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Cinque ◽  
Manuela Zinni ◽  
Anna Rita Zuena ◽  
Chiara Giuli ◽  
Sebastiano G Alemà ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Environmental Enrichment ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Clinical Experiments

Knowledge of animals’ hormonal status is important for conservation studies in wild or semi-free-ranging conditions as well as for behavioural and clinical experiments conducted in laboratory research, mostly performed on rats and mice. Faecal sampling is a useful non-invasive method to obtain steroid hormone assessments. Nevertheless, in laboratory studies, unlike other contexts, faecal sampling is less utilised. One of the issues raised is the necessity to collect samples belonging to different animals, separately. Usually, researchers using faecal sampling solve this problem through the isolation of animals or taking the cage rather than single animal as unit of study. These solutions though, could lead to unreliable measurements, and cannot be applied in many studies. Our aim was to show the biological reliability of individual faecal corticosterone metabolite (FCM) assessments in socially housed male and female Wistar rats. We analytically validated the enzyme immunoassay kit used for FCM assessments. Then, we exposed the animals to two different stress stimuli that are known to activate the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis and the following release of corticosterone to biologically validate the EIA kit: environmental enrichment and predator odour. Individual faecal sampling from social animals was collected through short-time handling. The results demonstrated that both the stimuli increased FCM levels in male and female rats showing the reliability of EIA kit assessment and the applicability of our sampling method. We also found a diurnal rhythm in FCM levels. These results could help to increase the use of faecal hormone metabolite determinations in studies conducted on rats.

Gender difference in bioassayable endothelium-derived nitric oxide from isolated rat aortae

1994 ◽  
Vol 267 (6) ◽  
pp. H2311-H2317 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kauser ◽  
G. M. Rubanyi
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Isometric Tension ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Intact Female ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Endothelium Dependent Relaxation

Gender differences in the production/release of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (EDNO) was assessed by determining the ability of intact endothelium to suppress serotonin- (10(-7)-10(-5) M) and phenylephrine-induced (10(-9)-(10(-5) M) contractions in thoracic aortae isolated from male and female Wistar rats mounted in organ chambers for isometric tension recording or tested in bioassay experiments. The endothelium suppressed these contractions significantly more in aortae from female than from male rats. In the bioassay, the perfusate from intact female thoracic aortic segments produced a significantly greater relaxation of the detector rings than that from the aortae isolated from male rats. Acetylcholine (10(-9)-10(-5) M), used to investigate agonist-induced release of EDNO, evoked significantly greater endothelium-dependent relaxation in aortae from female rats. The unstimulated release of 6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha and thromboxane B2 from intact thoracic aortic rings from male and female rats was not significantly different. There was no difference in smooth muscle reactivity to sodium nitroprusside (10(-10)-10(-6) M) in rings without endothelium. These results indicate that EDNO production/release is higher in thoracic aortae isolated from female rats.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETES ON REPRODUCTIVE HORMONES (FOLLICLE STIMULATING, LUTEINIZING AND PROLACTIN), LIPID PROFILE AND SERUM ELECTROLYTES IN MALE AND FEMALE WISTAR RATS

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Bukonla Oluyemisi Adegbesan ◽  
Olugbenga Owolabi Ogunlabi ◽  
Temtope Abigail Fasanya ◽  
Ayodeji Adebayo Adelegan ◽  
Emmanuel Oladipupo Ajani
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Type1 Diabetes ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Female Subjects

Human patients with Type1 diabetes and inadequate metabolic control have been found to exhibit a high prevalence of infertility but the exact mechanism by which this happens has not been fully elucidated. Alterations in the levels of lipids and electrolytes are considered to be good indications of some certain diseases including diabetes. This study aims at elucidating the impact of diabetes on the reproductive functions of male and female subjects as well as the responses of lipid profile which could be a determining factor affecting diabetic condition, to Alloxan-induced diabetes using male and female Wistar rats. To explore this, various hormonal assays assessing reproductive hormones such as Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH); Luteinizing hormone (LH); Prolactin hormone (PRL); lipid profile analyses and electrolytes measurements were employed. Our results showed that diabetes induce significant reduction in the levels of FSH and LH in both male and female rats (p<0.0001); significant reduction in the levels of LH in male (p<0.01) and female (p<0.0001); significant increase in the levels of prolactin (PRL) in male (p<0.05) and female (p<0.0001) ; significant increases in cholesterol levels in both male and female rats (p<0.01), an indication that diabetes is accompanied in most cases by hypercholesterolemia and triglycerides levels in both male (p<0.01) and female (p<0.0005) rats when compared to the control rats. The results obtained in this study shed more light on the mechanism by which fertility in male and female subjects is affected by diabetes and suggest possible mechanisms by which infertility could result from diabetes.

scholarly journals Coronary Artery and Myocardium Injuries Induced by a High Cholesterol and Fructose Diet in Growing Male and Female Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Lynda AÏNOUZ ◽  
Mohamed ZAOUANI ◽  
Hayat REMICHI ◽  
Sofiane BOUDJELLABA ◽  
Kahina CHABANE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Female Wistar Rats

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) are mainly consequent of atherosclerosis.  Men develop CVD at a young age, this risk increases in women at an older age. Several studies have been carried out on male rats, but experiments on growing rats especially female are rare.  The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a high cholesterol and high fructose diet on the coronary artery and myocardium in growing male and female rats Young Wistar rats were divided into control groups fed a standard diet, cholesterol groups supplemented with 3% cholesterol (ChD), and cholesterol-fructose groups supplemented with 3% cholesterol and 15% fructose (ChFrD) for 14 weeks. Each group consists of male (n=6) and female (n=6) rats.   We found, in comparison with corresponding controls rats, that both ChD and ChFrD diets caused a significant hyperglycemia and dyslipidaemia. In hearts supernatants, we highlighted increases of total lipids, malondialdehyde and Catalase assays. The histopathological examination showed a disorganization of the myocardial structure, arterial walls damage and endothelium injuries. Our study showed that ChD and ChFrD diets, caused weight, biochemical, oxidative and tissue disturbances that could lead to CVD in both young male and female Wistar rats even during the growing period.

scholarly journals Gender differences in doublecortin expression in the dentate gyrus of the Wistar rat during development

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Özlem Tuğçe Çilingir Kaya ◽  
Sercan Doğukan Yıldız ◽  
Nisva Hilal Levent ◽  
Esra Bihter Gürler ◽  
Ümit Süleyman Şehirli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Males And Females

Objectives: Neurogenesis is the formation process of functional neurons from progenitor cells which continues during lifetime. Alterations in neurogenesis is associated with neurodegenerative disorders (ND). Different mechanisms underlie the ND in males and females which may be related to neurogenesis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the developmental process of neurogenesis in the hippocampus of male and female rats at different ages and shed light on the effect of gender difference on ND. Methods: Brains were obtained from 7, 14, 21 days and 3-month-old male and female Wistar rats following intracardiac perfusion and processed for immunohistochemical and immunoflorescence staining. Doublecortin protein (DCX) was used as a marker of newly-born neuroblasts to determine neurogenesis. Results: DCX immunoreactive (-ir) cells were dispersed throughout the granular and subgranular layers of DG in 7-days-old group in both genders. However, in the 14 and 21 days old groups, DCX-ir cells were observed only in the subgranular zone in the sections labelled with both immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunoflourescent (IF) methods. In all age groups, female rats had a tendency to increase in DCX immunoreactivity when compared to that of male Wistar rats. Conclusion: DCX-ir cells may be localized in different parts of DG during development. The number of newly born neurons showed a tendency to increase in female rats in all groups. Further studies are needed to understand the reason for differences in the normal developmental neurogenesis process between two genders.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document