Variability in fatty acid composition of bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) blubber as a function of body site, season, and reproductive state

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 1933-1942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asha M Samuel ◽  
Graham A.J Worthy
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Reproductive State ◽  
Fatty Acid Signature ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Free Ranging

Odontocete blubber has been shown to be variable in composition and can be separated into strata visually, histologically, and biochemically. The purpose of this study was to examine fatty acid composition of bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus (Montagu, 1821)) blubber, and determine if differences exist between body sites, reproductive states, and (or) seasons. The influence of these variables on blubber composition could aid in the creation of a model that would use fatty acid signature analysis to evaluate diet in free-ranging populations. Blubber samples were obtained from freshly dead animals along the Texas and Louisiana coastlines. Samples from nine body sites were analyzed to investigate site variability, and from one site to evaluate differences due to season, reproductive state, and blubber layer. All body sites of animals sampled in the winter were statistically indistinguishable, indicating that biopsy samples could be obtained from any location on the animal for fatty acid analysis during this season; however, three distinct blubber layers were identifiable, and reproductive states were significantly different in terms of fatty acid composition. Seasonal differences in fatty acid composition were also highly significant for all one-site inner blubber layer samples. Ultimately, the differences in fatty acid composition could have resulted from dietary or physiological factors and need to be examined further.

Chemical Constituents in Some Promising Genotypes of Indian Mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss.]

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
SUNITA SINGH ◽  
R. P. SINGH ◽  
H. K. SINGH ◽  
N. A. KHAN ◽  
M. K. MAURYA
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Crude Fibre

Among the oilseed Brassica crops, Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss.] is an important source of oil from a nutritional point of view. The nutritional value of oil and cake quality is governed mainly by the composition of its fatty acids, iodine value, saponification, acid value, glucosinolates, crude fibre, protein and limiting amino acids, etc. Seventeen varieties/strains of Indian mustard were taken for saturated and unsaturated fatty acid analysis. The eicosenoic was absent in genotype (NUDBYJ-10) and erucic acid (NUDBYJ-10, LES-46 and Pusa mustard- 21). The fatty acid composition found a variable in different genotypes. Saturated fatty acid, Palmitic + Stearic ranged between 2.3 to 6.5%, Oleic 10.6 to 40.7%, Linoleic 16.1 to 37.7%, Linolenic 13.3 to 26.7%, Eicosenoic 0.00 to 10.30% and Erucic acid 0.00 to 47.50%, respectively. Alternaria blight severity also varied in different genotypes and ranged between 18.75 to 56.25%, maximum being in genotype Kranti and minimum in LES-47. No significant correlation was observed between the fatty acid composition and disease severity. The oil content range from 38.1 to 42.60% and protein content was found highest in variety RGN-73. The amino acid viz. methionine and tryptophan range between 0.41 to 1.81 g/16gN and 0.41 to 1.81 g /16g N, respectively.

THE EFFECT OF DIETARY POULTRY OFFAL HYDROLYSATE ON THE FATTY ACID COMPOSITION AND MEAT QUALITY OF PORK

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1041-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. VAN LUNEN ◽  
R. L. WILSON ◽  
L. M. POSTE ◽  
G. BUTLER
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Free Moisture ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Seventy-two feeder pigs, with a mean weight of 24.6 kg, were randomly allotted in groups of three to four dietary treatments to determine the effect of feeding poultry offal hydrolysate (POH) on fatty acid composition and meat quality. The four dietary treatments were: 0% POH (control), 5% POH, 10% POH and 15% POH on a dry matter basis. At slaughter (96.8 kg), the right loins from 60 pigs were retained for fatty acid analysis and meat quality evaluation. The longissimus dorsi muscle was dissected from each loin; 200 g were stored in an atmosphere of nitrogen and frozen for fatty acid analysis and 500 g were frozen for meat quality evaluation. Fat was extracted and methylated for fatty acid analysis. Separation and identification of individual fatty acid methyl esters was performed using gas chromatography. Sensory meat evaluation (pork flavour, off-flavour, tenderness and juiciness) was performed by 10 trained panelists. Warner-Bratzler shear evaluation and free moisture analyses were performed. The fatty acids in pork appear to exhibit a sensitive response to changes in dietary fat. Linear trends for fatty acids in the pork were, for the most part, opposite to trends in the diets. Inclusion of POH resulted in an increase in the total polyunsaturates present in the pork. There was no effect (P > 0.05) due to dietary treatment on flavour, tenderness or juiciness of the pork. No significant differences were found among the Warner-Bratzler shear measurements or free moisture determinations. Changes in fatty acid profile of pork do not appear to affect eating quality when POH is included in the diet at levels of up to 15% DM. Key words: Poultry offal, pork, fatty acid, meat quality

Relationship between the fatty acid composition of uropygial gland secretion and blood of meat chickens receiving different dietary fats

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Kanakri ◽  
Beverly Muhlhausler ◽  
John Carragher ◽  
Robert Gibson ◽  
Reza Barekatain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Dietary Fats ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Preen Oil

Manipulation of the fatty acid composition of chicken feed has been shown to be effective for improving the nutritional value of chicken products. Currently, however, evaluation of the effectiveness of this approach requires invasive blood sampling or post mortem tissue sampling of the birds. Preen oil can be collected non-invasively from live birds. So this study aimed to test the hypothesis that the fatty acid composition of preen oil reflects that of the blood. Male and female meat chickens (Cobb 500) were fed a diet supplemented with 4% (w/w) flaxseed oil (high n-3 polyunsaturates) or beef tallow (mostly monounsaturates and saturates) for 6 weeks. Preen oil and whole blood samples (n = 9 birds per sex/diet treatment group) were collected freshly post mortem for fatty acid analysis. Preen oil analysis showed that ~97% of fatty acids were saturates, with a small percentage of n-6 polyunsaturates and traces of other types. There were negligible n-3 polyunsaturates in preen oil. Proportions of some saturated fatty acids were slightly, but significantly, affected by diet (C16:0 (P < 0.05) and C17:0 (P < 0.01)) or by gender (C10:0 and C18:0) (P < 0.05). Some fatty acids with odd numbers of carbon atoms (e.g. C17:0 and C19:0) were found in relatively high concentrations in preen oil, despite not being detectable in either the diet or blood. In conclusion, the fatty acid composition of preen oil does not accurately reflect the fatty acid profile of the blood; it is not, therefore, a suitable alternative for determining fatty acid status of meat chickens.

The Bottle-Nosed Dolphin Tursiops truncates: Fatty Acid Composition of Milk Triglycerides

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 1172-1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Ackman ◽  
C. A. Eaton ◽  
E. D. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Short Chain

Triglyceride from the milk of the bottle-nosed dolphin Tursiops truncatus has been examined and found to correspond in fatty acid details to the composition of the depot fats of marine mammals generally. No isovaleric or other short-chain acids were present.

Patterns of fatty acid composition in free-ranging yellow-bellied marmots (Marmota flaviventris) and their diet

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
pp. 1494-1503 ◽  
Author(s):  
V L Hill ◽  
G L Florant
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Marmota Flaviventris ◽  
Natural Diet ◽  
New Information ◽  
Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Ranging

In the laboratory, dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are conserved in the tissues of hibernators and are important for normal hibernation. Prior to this study, it was unknown if PUFAs are similarly conserved in the tissues of free-ranging hibernators or how the concentration of these PUFAs change in the natural diet over the summer. Therefore, we analyzed the fatty acid composition of the white adipose tissue (WAT) and plasma of free-ranging marmots (Marmota flaviventris) and of the plants in the marmots' diet, throughout the year. Marmots store PUFAs in WAT prior to hibernation but, over the winter, the percentage of the n-6 PUFA linoleic acid (18:2) increased in WAT, while the percentage of the n-3 PUFA α-linolenic acid (α-18:3) decreased in WAT. In the plasma, the concentration of nonesterified saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids was greater than that of nonesterified PUFAs, particularly in the spring. In the natural diet, the concentration of fatty acids varied significantly between plant species and between parts of the same plant. These data for free-ranging marmots corroborate previous results from studies on hibernators in the laboratory and, in addition, provide new information about the role of α-18:3 in hibernation.

scholarly journals Fatty acid analysis of Erwinia amylovora from Serbia and Montenegro

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69
Author(s):  
Milan Ivanovic ◽  
Katarina Gasic ◽  
Andjelka Calic ◽  
Nemanja Kuzmanovic ◽  
Mirko Ivanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Serbia And Montenegro ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Study Heterogeneity

Automated method of fatty acid analysis was used to identify and study heterogeneity of 41 Erwinia amylovora strains, originating from 8 plant species grown in 13 locations in Serbia and one in Montenegro. All strains contained 14:0 3OH fatty acid, characteristic for the ?amylovora? group. According to fatty acid composition 39 strains were identified as E. amylovora as the first choice from the database. Due to their specific fatty acid composition, two strains were identified as E. amylovora, but as a second choice. Fatty acid analysis also showed that E. amylovora population from Serbia could be differentiated in three groups, designated in this study as ?, ? and ?. All strains originating from central or south Serbia, as well as four strains from north Serbia clustered into group ?. Group ? and ? contained only strains isolated in northern Serbia (Vojvodina). The results show that E. amylovora population in this area is heterogeneous and indicate pathogen introduction from different directions. Fatty acid analysis enabled identification at species level, as well as new insights of heterogeneity of E. amylovora population.

scholarly journals ANALISA ASAM LEMAK DALAM MINYAK KELAPA MURNI (VCO) DENGAN DUA PERALATAN KROMATOGRAFI GAS

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius Pontoh ◽  
Nancy T.N Buyung
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Base Line

ANALISA ASAM LEMAK DALAM MINYAK KELAPA MURNI (VCO) DENGAN DUA PERALATAN KROMATOGRAFI GAS Julius Pontoh1) dan Nancy T.N. Buyung2); e-mail:[email protected] 1)Program Studi Kimia FMIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado 95115 2)Alumni Program Studi Kimia FMIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado 95119 ABSTRAK Komposisi asam asam lemak dalam minyak kelapa sangat penting untuk menilai kualitas dari minyak tersebut.  Untuk minyak kelapa, komposisi dari asam lemak rantai menengah seperti kaprilik, kaprat dan laurat menjadi asam asam lemak penting.  Di Indonesia ada dua laboratorium yang banyak digunakan untuk menganalisa asam asam lemak dalam minyak kelapa murni.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan kedua laboratorium tersebut dalam menganalisa asam asam lemak.  Kromatogram dari Laboratorium pertama menunjukan garis dasar yang ebih baik, tetapi tidak dapat mendeteksi asam stearat.  Waktu retensi asam asam lemak dalam kedua komatogram sangat berbeda.  Demikian juga dengan luas puncak dari asam asam lemak berbeda dalam kedua kromatogram.  Namun demikian, persentasi luas pencak dari masing masing asam lemak dalam kedua kromatogram hampir sama. Kata kunci: kromatogarafi gas, waktu retensi   FATTY ACID ANALYSIS IN VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) WITH TWO TYPES GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY ABSTRACT Fatty acid composition in coconut oil is very important to evaluate the quality of the oil. For coconut oil, the composition of medium length of fatty acids such as caprylic, capric and lauric acids are the interest of the oil. To date, this fatty acid composition is the best to be analyzed by gas chromatography.  In Indonesia, there are two laboratories used to analyze the fatty acids.  The purpose of this study is to compare the two laboratories in the analysis the compounds.  Samples of commercial coconut oils were treated with acid and base to converted into Fatty acid methyl ester.  The derivatives were extracted with hexane and ready to be send to the laboratories.  The results show the chromatogram of the two laboratories is totally difference. The chromatograph from Laboratory 1 showed very good base line but there was no stearic fatty acid peak shown  The retention time for the same fatty acids is different. Peak areas among the same fatty acids are totally different between the two laboratories, but the percentage for each fatty acid is almost the same. Keywords: gas chromatography, retention time

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