CEMENTAL DEPOSITION AS AN AGE CRITERION IN BISON, AND THE RELATION OF INCISOR WEAR, EYE-LENS WEIGHT, AND DRESSED BISON CARCASS WEIGHT TO AGE

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Novakowski
Keyword(s):  
Aging Process ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Eye Lens ◽  
Tooth Replacement ◽  
Northern Latitudes ◽  
Growth And Aging

The relation of cemental deposition, incisor wear, eye-lens weight, and dressed carcass weight to age in bison was investigated in an attempt to define this relation on the basis of annual increments. It was expected that the bison, particularly in northern latitudes, would be subject to a cyclic or annual growth and aging process which would be reflected in an analysis of the above criteria. It was found that cemental deposition occurred in the premolars and molars beyond age 4 1/2 and that this deposition appeared in the form of alternating layers of translucent and opaque cementum, each set combined to form one annual band. Incisor wear provided a further check on this technique. It was found that eye-lens weight and dressed carcass weight were not reliable indicators of chronological age, particularly beyond 4 1/2 years of age when tooth replacement could not be used to define the limits of variability found in eye-lens weights and dressed carcass weights.

Purpose-built metal oxide nanomaterials. The emergence of a new generation of smart materials

2000 ◽  
Vol 72 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lionel Vayssieres ◽  
Anders Hagfeldt ◽  
Sten Eric Lindquist
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Nanostructured Materials ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Structural Requirements ◽  
Thermodynamic Stabilization ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanomaterials ◽  
Growth And Aging ◽  
New Generation

A new concept has been developed in order to achieve a new generation of smart materials, namely purpose-built materials, modeled and designed to match the physical and structural requirements of their applications. A model based on the thermodynamic monitoring of the nucleation, growth, and aging process of metal oxide by minimization of the interfacial tension, yielding to the thermodynamic stabilization of the system, results in well-designed and well-ordered nanostructured materials with the required porosity, morphology, size, and orientation on various substrates.

scholarly journals The influence of chronological age on cognitive biases and impulsivity levels in male patients with gambling disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roser Granero ◽  
Fernando Fernández-Aranda ◽  
Susana Valero-Solís ◽  
Amparo del Pino-Gutiérrez ◽  
Gemma Mestre-Bach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Gambling Disorder ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Chronological Age

AbstractBackground and aimsDue to the contribution of age to the etiology of gambling disorder (GD), there is a need to assess the moderator effect of the aging process with other features that are highly related with the clinical profile. The objective of this study is to examine the role of the chronological age into the relationships between cognitive biases, impulsivity levels and gambling preference with the GD profile during adulthood.MethodsSample included n = 209 patients aged 18–77 years-old recruited from a Pathological Gambling Outpatients Unit. Orthogonal contrasts explored polynomial patterns in data, and path analysis implemented through structural equation modeling assessed the underlying mechanisms between the study variables.ResultsCompared to middle-age patients, younger and older age groups reported more impairing irrational beliefs (P = 0.005 for interpretative control and P = 0.043 for interpretative bias). A linear trend showed that as people get older sensation seeking (P = 0.006) and inability to stop gambling (P = 0.018) increase. Path analysis showed a direct effect between the cognitive bias and measures of gambling severity (standardized effects [SE] between 0.12 and 0.17) and a direct effect between impulsivity levels and cumulated debts due to gambling (SE = 0.22).ConclusionScreening tools and intervention plans should consider the aging process. Specific programs should be developed for younger and older age groups, since these are highly vulnerable to the consequences of gambling activities and impairment levels of impulsivity and cognitive biases.

scholarly journals THE USE OF A MEASURABLE CAUSE OF DEATH (HEMORRHAGE) FOR THE EVALUATION OF AGING

1942 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry S. Simms
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Selective Effect ◽  
Mortality Curve

1. There has been need for a reliable experimental standard for the process of aging. Chronological age is a poor standard owing to irrelevant changes and individual variability. Longevity does not indicate the rate of aging because it depends not only upon aging but also upon intrinsic death rate, individual variability, and the selective effect of experimental treatment upon resistance to specific diseases. 2. The use of a known measurable cause of death (hemorrhage) on healthy animals of various ages reproduces the known mortality curve for rats, and differentiates this measure of the aging process from individual variation. 3. The possibilities for the use of this method in determining the nature of the aging process are pointed out.

Chronological age and dentition effects on carcass and meat quality of cattle in northern Australia

1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
JR Wythes ◽  
WR Shorthose
Keyword(s):  
Shear Force ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Muscle Properties ◽  
Yield Value ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Dressing Percentage

The effects of chronological age and dentition on the liveweight, carcass weight, bruising and muscle properties of 348 cows and 370 steers were examined in 5 experiments in Queensland (1982-83). Birth dates were known only for the cows in experiments 1 and 2, and for the steers in experiment 5; with ages categorised as 4 years and less (young), 5-10 years (mature) and greater than 10 years (old). The number of permanent 'incisor' teeth were recorded for all animals. The cattle were weighed (unfasted), transported to an abattoir and given access to water and hay (except in experiment 5). Mustering to slaughter periods varied from 2 to 7 days. Half the carcasses were electrically stimulated in experiments 1 and 2. In general, old and mature cows with 8 teeth had heavier (P<0.05) mean liveweights than did young cows with 4 teeth, and both had heavier (P<0.05) liveweights and carcass weights than those with 2 teeth. Old cows with 8 teeth also had the lowest (P<0.05) mean dressing percentage, while mature cows had the greatest (P<0.05) fat depth. There was no consistent trend between groups in bruise score. Steers with 8 teeth had a greater (P<0.05) mean liveweight, carcass weight, dressing percentage and rib fat depth than other dentition groups, and a greater (P<0.05) bruise score in experiment 5 only. There was no significant effect of chronological age or dentition on the shear force values or cooking losses of M. longissimus dorsi (LD) for cows. In 1 experiment, steers with 8 teeth had a greater (P<0.05) peak force-initial yield value and lower (P<0.05) cooking loss than other dentition groups. Mature cow carcasses cooled more (P<0.05) slowly than those of other ages. Over all experiments, there were more (P<0.05) high pHz4 carcasses among the combined 6 and 8 teeth group than the combined 2 and 4 teeth group (10.2 v. 2.3%).

scholarly journals Dentition and age determination of the Warthog Phacochoerus aethiopicus in Zululand, South Africa

Koedoe ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R Mason
Keyword(s):  
Population Control ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Eye Lens ◽  
Tooth Replacement ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Reliable Differentiation

Age-specific stages of tooth replacement, eruption and attrition are described for warthogs shot during population control in Zululand. Patterns of tooth replacement and eruption allowed reasonably accurate age determination up to 24 months, whereafter 2-3 year old warthogs could generally be distinguished from older individuals by the relative growth of their third molars. Although stages of wear and loss of the teeth, especially the three molars, were associated with broad age classes, age of adult warthogs may be determined more precisely by counting cementum annuli in sectioned incisor teeth. However, cementum annuli were insufficiently distinctive to permit age estimation in approximately 33 of sections, reflecting particularly variation in intensity and clarity of staining and splitting and merging of rest lines. The use of eye lens dry mass and tusk length: snout width ratios as indices of age was also evaluated. Eye lens dry mass became increasingly unreliable for predicting age beyond 24 months. Considering males and females separately, tusk length: snout width ratios for yearling, 2-3 year old and 3-4 year old warthogs were reasonably distinctive, but subsequent overlap was apparently unfavourable for reliable differentiation of year classes among older warthogs. Body size and tusk * development criteria for distinguishing between three age classes ofwarthogs in the field are presented.

scholarly journals The association of proBNPage with manifestations of age-related cardiovascular, physical, and psychological impairment in community-dwelling older adults

GeroScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Muscari ◽  
◽  
Giampaolo Bianchi ◽  
Paola Forti ◽  
Donatella Magalotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Mmse Score ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Psychological Impairment ◽  
Anxiety Depression

AbstractNT-proB-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) serum concentration can be transformed by simple formulas into proBNPage, a surrogate of biological age strongly associated with chronological age, all-cause mortality, and disease count. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess whether proBNPage is also associated with other manifestations of the aging process in comparison with other variables. The study included 1117 noninstitutionalized older adults (73.1 ± 5.6 years, 537 men). Baseline measurements of serum NT-proBNP, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, hemoglobin, lymphocytes, and creatinine, which have previously been shown to be highly associated with both age and all-cause mortality, were performed. These variables were compared between subjects with and without manifestations of cardiovascular impairment (myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, peripheral artery disease (PAD), arterial revascularizations (AR)), physical impairment (long step test duration (LSTD), walking problems, falls, deficit in one or more activities of daily living), and psychological impairment (poor self-rating of health (PSRH), anxiety/depression, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score < 24). ProBNPage (years) was independently associated (OR, 95% CI) with MI (1.08, 1.07–1.10), stroke (1.02, 1.00–1.05), PAD (1.04, 1.01–1.06), AR (1.06, 1.04–1.08), LSTD (1.03, 1.02–1.04), walking problems (1.02, 1.01–1.03), and PSRH (1.02, 1.01–1.02). For 5 of these 7 associations, the relationship was stronger than that of chronological age. In addition, proBNPage was univariately associated with MMSE score < 24, anxiety/depression, and falls. None of the other variables provided comparable performances. Thus, in addition to the known associations with mortality and disease count, proBNPage is also associated with cardiovascular manifestations as well as noncardiovascular manifestations of the aging process.

Growth of the Porcine Eye Lens as an Index to Chronological Age

1967 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Kauffman ◽  
H. W. Norton ◽  
B. G. Harmon ◽  
B. C. Breidenstein
Keyword(s):  
Chronological Age ◽  
Eye Lens

scholarly journals Universal Dietary Adjunct Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 996-1005
Author(s):  
Dr Vivek Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Terminal Illness ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Diet Therapy ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Adjunct Therapy ◽  
Age Related ◽  
To Come

Abstract: HEALTH can alternatively be also said as most synergistic aging to chronological age. Thus, figuring out approaches that lay path to reducing age, or simply anti-aging approach, help in this synergy, may even bypass this age constraint to some extent. In year 2009, a large scale European cohort study “MARK AGE STUDY” was designed to understand the aging changes aimed at reducing aging process or if possible stop it. Although there were many finding in the study, one in particular the oxidative changes associated to aging process, showed lower lycopene and MDA levels; and higher cysteine, α-tocopherol and 3- nitrotyrosine levels in long living individuals1 . However, following failure to find any dietary indication or supplementation, in relation to this study, it was sought possible to come with a dietary indication that would benefit in reducing the aging process. In year 2020, COVID 19 has emerged as a pandemic, which shows age related severity. So certain principles are created, and first applied in COVID 19 context, and evidences in favour of it were examined. A dietary instruction has been formulated labelled as Universal Dietary Adjunct Therapy, and is recommended to be included in normal dietary habits for a longer life-span, and as prophylaxis for chronic diseases and as adjunctive therapy to terminal illness and no-cure scenarios. Keywords: covid19, mark-age project, health, anti-aging diet, diet, universal adjunctive diet therapy, UDAT

scholarly journals Long term influences of age-education transition on the Brazilian labour market

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto F. L. Amaral ◽  
Eduardo L G Rios-Neto ◽  
Joseph E Potter
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Brazilian Population ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Sample Surveys ◽  
Average Income ◽  
College Degrees

The objective of this study is to estimate the long term mean earnings of the male Brazilian population, taking into account the aging process of the population and the increase in educational attainment. Using census data, household sample surveys, as well as population and education projections, estimates indicate that an aging population and an increase in education will have a two percent impact on the annual growth of an average income in Brazil by 2050. The challenge for the future is to improve the proportion of the Brazilian population with completed college degrees.

Evaluation of eye lens nitrogen in relation to dentition, bone ossification, myoglobin, and chronological age in beef animals

Meat Science ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 449
Author(s):  
K. Spivey ◽  
L. Garcia ◽  
J. Starkey ◽  
S. Jackson ◽  
R. Rathmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronological Age ◽  
Eye Lens
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