Effects of low pH and nickel on growth and survival of the shredding caddisfly Clistoronia magnifica (Limnephilidae)

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 1729-1732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kees van Frankenhuyzen ◽  
Glen H. Geen
Keyword(s):  
Nickel Chloride ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Metal Interactions ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Chloride Hexahydrate ◽  
Early Instar ◽  
Uptake Sites ◽  
Decreasing Ph ◽  
Reduced Toxicity ◽  
Free Metal

In laboratory experiments with larvae of the shredding caddisfly Clistoronia magnifica, toxicity of nickel chloride hexahydrate was highly pH dependent. Larvae were exposed from first instar until pupation to three nickel concentrations (55, 215, 700 μg Ni2+/L) in soft water adjusted to pH 4.1, 5.5, and 6.2. Nickel reduced the survival of larvae and pupae at all pH levels but toxicity decreased with increasing H+ concentration. In addition, Ni at 215 μg/L temporarily ameliorated H+ toxicity to early instar larvae at pH 4.1. Reduced toxicity with decreasing pH fits the hypothesis that free metal ions compete with H+ for the same binding–uptake sites. Available data suggest that this phenomenon is not restricted to a particular metal or organism but that it applies to pH–metal interactions in general.

Nickel chloride/chlorides of divalent metal interactions in nickel-sensitive subjects

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 254-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Santucci ◽  
C. Cannistraci ◽  
A. Cristaudo ◽  
M. Picardo
Keyword(s):  
Nickel Chloride ◽  
Divalent Metal ◽  
Metal Interactions

FUNGICIDAL ACTION AS AFFECTED BY INTERACTION OF NICKEL CHLORIDE, NABAM, ZINEB, AND ZINC SULPHATE

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Forsyth ◽  
C. H. Unwin
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Sulphate ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Nickel Chloride ◽  
Fungicidal Action ◽  
Chloride Hexahydrate ◽  
Wettable Powder ◽  
Test Organisms

Protectant fungicidal action of mixtures of nabam, zineb, nickel chloride, and zinc sulphate was evaluated by means of a "microbeaker method" and the slide germination method, using as test organisms the fungi causing leaf rust of wheat, crown rust of oats, early blight of tomatoes, and brown rot of peaches. All of the fungicides tested were more effective against the two rusts than against the organisms causing early blight and brown rot. The relatively insoluble nickel ethylenebisdithiocarbamate was much less effective than the other chemicals tested. Ratios (w/w) of nickel chloride hexahydrate to zineb around unity and to nabam plus zinc sulphate from 2–10 to 1 showed an unfavorable effect on fungitoxic activity against urediospores of P. recondita. The ratio showing greatest antagonism varied, depending on the test organism used and whether or not tankmix or wettable powder zineb was used. The formation of nickel ethylenebisdithiocarbamate in the aqueous solution and its low fungicidal activity adequately explain the results obtained.

Ecology and coexistence of two species of Brachycentrus (Trichoptera) in a Rocky Mountain river

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (7) ◽  
pp. 1469-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Richard Hauer ◽  
Jack A. Stanford
Keyword(s):  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Mountain River ◽  
Spring Runoff ◽  
Winter Conditions ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Spring Freshet ◽  
Early Instar ◽  
Peak Runoff

Life-cycle dynamics, growth rates, and relative abundance of Brachycentrus occidentalis and Brachycentrus americanus were studied over a 3-year period in the Flathead River, Montana. Brachycentrus occidentalis appeared as early instar larvae in mid to late summer, grew rapidly during autumn, and reached fourth and fifth instars prior to winter conditions. Most larvae remained active until mid-spring and the onset of spring runoff. Individuals pupated during late April through May and adults emerged after peak runoff in mid-June. Brachycentrus americanus larvae appeared as first instar larvae in autumn and overwintered as early instars. Larvae grew rapidly during spring as temperatures began to rise, but growth was discontinued during spring runoff. Larvae completed growth during summer after the runoff period and emerged in late August and early September. Growth patterns and emergence of both species occurred primarily during fall or spring and late summer, with little growth during winter or spring freshet. Thus growth was associated with quantitatively similar but temporally different periods of organic seston, temperature, and moderate flow.

Synthesis of nickel hydroxychloride microspheres via a facile template-free process and their conversion to β-Ni(OH)2 microspheres

CrystEngComm ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (48) ◽  
pp. 11050-11057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kay He ◽  
Gaoling Zhao ◽  
Gaorong Han
Keyword(s):  
Nickel Chloride ◽  
Hydrolysis Reaction ◽  
Solvothermal Process ◽  
Nickel Chloride Hexahydrate ◽  
Free Process ◽  
Chloride Hexahydrate ◽  
Forced Hydrolysis ◽  
Template Free ◽  
Forced Hydrolysis Reaction

Hierarchical flower-like nickel hydroxychloride microspheres were prepared by forced hydrolysis reaction of nickel chloride hexahydrate in ethanol via a facile template-free solvothermal process.

New rearing method, life cycle, tunneling behavior and ecological notes on the splendid ghost moth Aenetus djernaesae Simonsen, 2018 from Western Australia (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-39
Author(s):  
PAUL KAY ◽  
PAUL M HUTCHINSON ◽  
JOHN A GREHAN
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Rearing Method ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Early Instar ◽  
First Time ◽  
Tunneling Behavior

This study successfully documents, for the first time, the entire life cycle of Aenetus djernaesae Simonsen, 2018 and confirms the efficacy of using supplemental sources of fungi to feed the early instar larvae. Fresh cut pieces of the commercial mushroom Agaricus bisporus (J.E. Lange) and sections of Eucalyptus L’Her. bark were placed around the base of potted host plants –Myoporum insulare R.Br. (Scrophulariaceae) and the potential host plant Dodonea hackettiana W.Fitz. (Sapindaceae). First instar larvae were added to this matrix where they fed on the mushroom and bark. The life cycle comprised egg development of 20 days, fungal feeding of ~36 days, and host plant development (including pupal) of ~300 days. Adult emergence of reared and field collected samples occurred within a 22 day period. Larvae transferring from fungi to host plants transitioned during the night by constructing a web of silk and plant tissues within two hours and proceeding to excavate a tunnel from within. The mature larval tunnel is relatively short, up to 220 mm in length and usually extending below the entrance around which the larvae grazes on callus tissue forming after bark removal. Most adults emerged within an hour of dusk with the pupa protruding from the top of the vestibule. The rearing method described here demonstrates the feasibility of laboratory based studies of larval development in Aenetus Herrrich-Schäffer and other callus-feeding stem boring Hepialidae.  Key words: Hepialidae, Aenetus, life cycle, artificial diet, Myoporum, Dodonea, larval foodplant

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT ON SUSCEPTIBILITY OF AEDES EUEDES AND AEDES STIMULANS (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE) LARVAE TO TEMEPHOS

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (6) ◽  
pp. 623-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. V. Helson ◽  
G. A. Surgeoner
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Recommended Dosage ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Early Instar ◽  
Increasing Temperature

AbstractIn laboratory trials, the susceptibility of Aedes euedes Howard, Dyar and Knab and Aedes stimulans (Walker) larvae to temephos (Abate®), was positively correlated with increasing temperature. Early instar larvae were more susceptible than late instars. Susceptibility differed 36 times from the fourth instars at 4 °C (24 h LC50 = 16.92 ppb) to the first instars at 19 °C (24 h LC50 = 0.47 ppb) the extremes of instar and temperature tested. The minimum recommended dosage of temephos (6 ppb) was ca. 9 times the LC90 of first instar A. stimulans and A. euedes at 19 °C. By contrast, the 24 h LC90 of 67.4 ppb for the fourth instar of A. stimulans at 4 °C was ca. 4 times the maximum concentration of temephos (18 ppb) currently recommended for Aedes spp. control. However, in simulated pool studies, satisfactory control of A. stimulans was achieved by 72 h posttreatment at the highest recommended dosage.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Use of Valsartan Metal Complexes as Media for Carbon Dioxide Storage

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa Mohammed ◽  
Emad Yousif ◽  
Gamal A. El-Hiti
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Nickel Chloride ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Storage ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Uptake ◽  
Tin Chloride ◽  
Chloride Hexahydrate ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis

To address global warming through carbon dioxide storage, three valsartan metal complexes were synthesized in excellent yields (87–92%) through a reaction of the appropriate metal chloride (tin chloride, nickel chloride hexahydrate, or magnesium chloride hexahydrate) and excess valsartan (two mole equivalents) in boiling methanol for 3 h. The structures of the metal complexes were established based on the data obtained from ultraviolet-visible, Fourier transform infrared, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, as well as from elemental analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray spectra, and magnetic susceptibility. The agglomeration and shape of the particles were determined using field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis. The surface area (16.63–22.75 m2/g) of the metal complexes was measured using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method, whereas the Barrett-Joyner-Halenda method was used to determine the particle pore size (0.011–0.108 cm3/g), total average pore volume (6.50–12.46 nm), and pore diameter (6.50–12.47 nm), for the metal complexes. The carbon dioxide uptake of the synthesized complexes, at 323 K and 4 MPa (40 bar), ranged from 24.11 to 34.51 cm2/g, and the nickel complex was found to be the most effective sorbent for carbon dioxide storage.

Treatment of multiple myeloma

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bart Barlogie ◽  
John Shaughnessy ◽  
Guido Tricot ◽  
Joth Jacobson ◽  
Maurizio Zangari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Peripheral Blood Stem Cell ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Immunomodulatory Agents ◽  
Myeloma Cells ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Reduced Toxicity ◽  
High Dose Melphalan

Abstract Autologous peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC)–supported high-dose melphalan is now considered standard therapy for myeloma, at least for younger patients. The markedly reduced toxicity of allotransplants using nonmyeloablative regimens (mini-allotransplantations) may hold promise for more widely exploiting the well-documented graft-versus-myeloma (GVM) effect. New active drugs include immunomodulatory agents, such as thalidomide and CC-5013 (Revimid; Celgene, Warren, NJ), and the proteasome inhibitor, PS 341 (Velcade; Millenium, Cambridge, MA), all of which not only target myeloma cells directly but also exert an indirect effect by suppressing growth and survival signals elaborated by the bone marrow microenvironment's interaction with myeloma cells. Among the prognostic factors evaluated, cytogenetic abnormalities (CAs), which are present in one third of patients with newly diagnosed disease, identify a particularly poor prognosis subgroup with a median survival not exceeding 2 to 3 years. By contrast, in the absence of CAs, 4-year survival rates of 80% to 90% can be obtained with tandem autotransplantations. Fundamental and clinical research should, therefore, focus on the molecular and biologic mechanisms of treatment failure in the high-risk subgroup.

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