Recovery from the effects of subchronic pentachlorophenol exposure on the growth of juvenile bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus)

Exposure of juvenile bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) to 48 and 173 μg/L pentachlorophenol (20 and 72% of 96-h LC50, respectively) for 22 days produced a significant reduction in food conversion efficiency measured over the last 10 days of exposure. A 22-day recovery period in untreated water caused food conversion efficiency values to increase so that there was no longer a significant difference between previously exposed and control fish. For bluegill sunfish, exposure to sublethal levels of pentachlorophenol can decrease food-conversion efficiency, but recovery from this state of reduced growth is rapid when fish are placed in a toxicant-free environment. Although other studies have found that a number of biochemical indicators of pentachlorophenol exposure cause long-lasting changes, this study used a new method of measuring food conversion over a very short period to show that food-conversion efficiency, which integrates many biochemical and physiological effects, recovers quickly.

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Evaluation of large White and Duroc boars as terminal sires under two different feeding regimes

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100036692 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 111-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

S. P. Simpson ◽

A. J. Webb ◽

S. Dick

Keyword(s):

Conversion Efficiency ◽

Economic Advantage ◽

Food Conversion ◽

Lean Tissue ◽

Large White ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Feeding Regimes ◽

Intermuscular Fat ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Food Conversion Efficiency

AbstractLarge White and Duroc semen was used to form a three-breed cross from Large White x Norwegian Landrace dams. A pair of sibs from each litter was fed ad libitum and a further pair on a time-based scale at the Meat and Livestock Commission testing station at Stirling, Scotland. A total of 241 litters was tested. At the end of testing the pigs were slaughtered and standard carcass measurements were made. One side of the carcass of each of a sample of 60 pigs was fully dissected. The Duroc progeny grew faster and had better food conversion efficiency than the Large White progeny when fed ad libitum but there was no difference between the breeds when feeding was restricted. The Large White progeny produced a better trimming yield and were slightly longer. There was no significant difference in fat depths. The proportions of lean, fat and bone tissues did not differ greatly between the breeds although the Large White progeny had slightly more lean tissue and the Duroc progeny were more heavily boned and had more intermuscular fat. The Duroc terminal sires gave an economic advantage of £1·70 per pig when fed ad libitum but a loss of £0·35 when fed to a restricted scale. This was primarily due to the superior growth rate and food conversion efficiency of the Duroc progeny when fed ad libitum.

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The effect of Norbolethone, an anabolic steroid, on the performance and body composition of castrate pigs

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100037727 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 65-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

D. W. Robinson ◽

A. G. Singleton

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Body Composition ◽

Conversion Efficiency ◽

Anabolic Steroid ◽

High Protein ◽

Food Conversion ◽

Muscle Area ◽

Eye Muscle ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Food Conversion Efficiency

1. An experiment was carried out with 24 individually fed castrated male, Large White pigs, to examine the effects upon growth and body composition of an anabolic steroid included in finishing diets of two protein levels.2. There was a significant interaction between steroid and dietary protein level on the growth rate and food conversion efficiency. On the low protein diet growth rate and efficiency were improved by steroid treatment while with high protein intake the steroid significantly depressed growth. Analysis of the main effects showed no significant differences between steroid and protein means for food conversion efficiency and no significant difference between protein means for growth. There was a significant difference (P<0·05) for rate of growth in favour of the animals not receiving the steroid.3. Steroid significantly improved the percentage of lean and the eye muscle area, but decreased the length of pigs. High protein feeding also improved the percentage of lean and the eye muscle area and also increased the length.4. The results are discussed in relation to the use of steroids in other species, optimum time of application and the problem of ascertaining accurate physiological doses.

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Food intake, growth, maintenance and food conversion efficiency in the gilthead sea bream (Sparus auratus)

Aquaculture ◽

10.1016/0044-8486(86)90313-3 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 51 (3-4) ◽

pp. 217-224 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

S. Klaoudatos ◽

J. Apostolopoulos

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Conversion Efficiency ◽

Gilthead Sea Bream ◽

Sea Bream ◽

Food Conversion ◽

Sparus Auratus ◽

Food Conversion Efficiency

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Food conversion efficiency in six groups of Holstein-Friesian × Zebu crosses

Livestock Production Science ◽

10.1016/0301-6226(92)90070-k ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 213-222

Author(s):

J Paiva

Keyword(s):

Conversion Efficiency ◽

Food Conversion ◽

Holstein Friesian ◽

Food Conversion Efficiency

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Effects of chronic ammonia exposure on growth and food conversion efficiency in juvenile spotted wolffish

Aquaculture ◽

10.1016/s0044-8486(03)00276-x ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 228 (1-4) ◽

pp. 215-224 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Atle Foss ◽

Tor H. Evensen ◽

Tone Vollen ◽

Victor Øiestad

Keyword(s):

Conversion Efficiency ◽

Food Conversion ◽

Spotted Wolffish ◽

Ammonia Exposure ◽

Food Conversion Efficiency

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Breed and sex differences in equally mature sheep and goats 1. Growth and food intake

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100018833 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 239-260 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

M. L. Thonney ◽

St C. S. Taylor ◽

T. H. McClelland

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Conversion Efficiency ◽

Mammalian Species ◽

The Body ◽

Food Conversion ◽

Size Scaling ◽

Daily Food ◽

Fleece Weight ◽

Mature Size ◽

Food Conversion Efficiency

ABSTRACTGenetic size-scaling accounts for most of the variation found among mammalian species in food intake and growth rate, with food conversion efficiency independent of the body size of the species. Is the same true of breeds and strains within species?Animals from Soay, Welsh Mountain, Southdown, Finish Landrace, Jacob, Wiltshire Horn and Oxford Down sheep breeds and from a breed of feral goats were grown to 0·40, 0·52, 0·64 or 0·76 of the mean mature weight of their breed and sex. Food was offered ad libitum and individually recorded.Allometric growth coefficients were obtained for fleece weight, femur weight and femur length. Fleece was late maturing and femur early.Breed and sex size-scaling coefficients, obtained by regression of breed and sex means on mature size, were similar to those found at the species level for age from conception to slaughter, time taken to mature and food conversion efficiency. Coefficients were higher than expected for total and daily food consumption, especially at early stages of maturity. Most breed coefficients were close to expectation while sex coefficients were somewhat higher than expected.There were significant breed deviations: Welsh Mountain, Oxford Down and probably Soay sheep required less time and Jacob sheep and feral goats required more time to mature than expected from differences in mature size. Soay and Welsh Mountain sheep appeared to be more efficient and feral goats and Jacob sheep less efficient food converters over the same maturity interval.

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NUMERICAL RESPONSE AND EFFICIENCY OF CONVERSION OF INGESTED FOOD OF PREDATOR Dicrodiplosis manihoti Harris, (DIPTERA : CECIDOMYIIDAE) FOR EGGS DENSITIES OF MEALY BUG Planococcus citri (Risso),(HEMIPTERA :PSEUDOCOCCIDAE) .

IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES ◽

10.36103/ijas.v48i2.412 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Al-Zubaidy & Al-Shammari

Keyword(s):

Conversion Efficiency ◽

Egg Production ◽

Prey Density ◽

Total Duration ◽

Numerical Response ◽

Planococcus Citri ◽

Food Conversion ◽

High Significance ◽

Larval Stages ◽

Food Conversion Efficiency

The results of numerical response showed to increasing rates of egg production for the predator female with prey density increases, noting of a positive correlation between the number of eggs lying by the female predator and prey density, Being 7, 13.1, 17 and 30 eggs/female during her life when making egg densities of prey 10, 20, 40 and 60 eggs/day during the period of development of Larval ages respectively. Statistical analysis results have pointed to the moral differences between those rates at 0.05 probability level. Food conversion efficiency was marked by ECI also increases with increasing density of prey . Food conversion efficiency to eggs by female predator increased in high densities of prey compared with low densities as well as reduced food efficiency with increasing density of prey where when lying densities and decreased when high densities prey. It also shortened the duration of phases three predator when prey density increases amounting to (2.74, 3.37, 9.15) and(1.62, 4.32, 5.04), (1.86, 2.82, 4.07) and (1.16 , 2.89, 3.42) consecutive days so that the total duration of Larval stage 15.26, 10.98, 8.75 and 7.47 days respectively with high significance deference. As well as high rates of predation 80, 74.24, 96.52 and 116.91 egg respectively and moral difference in egg consumption rates between larval stages as well as during the period of Larval stages at probability 0.05. survival rates also increased for the larval, pupal and adults stages when the density of the prey increased with high significance difference.

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Locomotor hyperactivity induced in the bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus, by sublethal concentrations of DDT

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z77-139 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 55 (7) ◽

pp. 1077-1081 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Erik G. Ellgaard ◽

J. Coller Ochsner ◽

J. Keith Cox

Keyword(s):

Locomotor Activity ◽

Tap Water ◽

Lepomis Macrochirus ◽

Quantitative Description ◽

Control Fish ◽

Bluegill Sunfish ◽

Locomotor Hyperactivity ◽

Sublethal Concentrations

A quantitative description of the effects of sublethal concentrations of DDT on the locomotor activity of the bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus, is presented. DDT-elicited hyperactive locomotor responses at all the concentrations examined (0.008, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1, and 0.2 parts per billion (ppb)) and the degree of such responses were concentration dependent. Maximal effects at each concentration were observed within 8 days after addition of DDT to the environment. At their maxima, fish at 0.008 ppb were 1.3 times as active as control fish, whereas fish at 0.2 ppb were 3.0 times as active as controls. The effects of DDT on locomotor activity were not reversed even after the fish were transferred back into tap water for 2 weeks.

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