ANALYSIS OF MULTI-ELEMENT POWDERS AND SOLUTIONS OF METALS WITH A PYROELECTRIC X-RAY GENERATOR

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
TETSUYA KOYAMA ◽  
JUN KAWAI
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Background Level ◽  
Solid Samples ◽  
Portable Xrf ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Metal Elements ◽  
Xrf Analysis ◽  
Liquid Samples

Applications of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis to solid and liquid samples with a pyroelectric X-ray generator are described. The X-ray generator is driven by a 9 V dry electric battery and small dimensions. It enables compact and portable XRF spectrometer. It has disadvantages in low power and periodically changing X-ray flux. Measured solid samples are briquettes from powdery oxides of Ti , V , Cr , Mn , Fe , Co , Ni and Cu , and sulfide of Zn . Each sample is prepared to contain equal molar metal elements. Liquid samples are solutions of Fe , Cr , Zn , Pb , Bi , Cd . K α and K β lines of all metals in solid samples are detected. Although background level was relatively high for liquids, all metals in the measured samples were detected within 70 seconds, except for Cd . The capability of XRF with the pyroelectric X-ray generator is discussed.

Quantitative analysis of the distribution and content of trace metal elements in liquid samples with a three-dimensional confocal x-ray technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (16) ◽  
pp. 4250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhujun Xiang ◽  
Zhaoying Meng ◽  
Zhiguo Liu ◽  
Yue Han ◽  
Kai Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Metal Elements ◽  
Liquid Samples ◽  
Trace Metal Elements

scholarly journals Possible Pitfalls in the Analysis of Minerals and Loose Materials by Portable XRF, and How to Overcome Them

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Valérie Laperche ◽  
Bruno Lemière
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Light Elements ◽  
Portable Xrf ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Protective Films ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Valuable Complement ◽  
Physical Effects

Portable X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy is now widely used in almost any field of geoscience. Handheld XRF analysers are easy to use, and results are available in almost real time anywhere. However, the results do not always match laboratory analyses, and this may deter users. Rather than analytical issues, the bias often results from sample preparation differences. Instrument setup and analysis conditions need to be fully understood to avoid reporting erroneous results. The technique’s limitations must be kept in mind. We describe a number of issues and potential pitfalls observed from our experience and described in the literature. This includes the analytical mode and parameters; protective films; sample geometry and density, especially for light elements; analytical interferences between elements; physical effects of the matrix and sample condition, and more. Nevertheless, portable X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (pXRF) results gathered with sufficient care by experienced users are both precise and reliable, if not fully accurate, and they can constitute robust data sets. Rather than being a substitute for laboratory analyses, pXRF measurements are a valuable complement to those. pXRF improves the quality and relevance of laboratory data sets.

TEM and X-Ray Examinations of Intermetallic Phases and Carbides Precipitation in an Fe-Ni Superalloy during Prolonged Ageing

2013 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Kazimierz J. Ducki ◽  
Jacek Mendala ◽  
Lilianna Wojtynek
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solution Heat Treatment ◽  
Intermetallic Phase ◽  
Intermetallic Phases ◽  
Precipitation Process ◽  
Secondary Phases ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid Samples ◽  
Structural Investigations ◽  
X Ray

The influence of prolonged ageing on the precipitation process of the secondary phases in an Fe-Ni superalloy of A-286 type has been studied. The samples were subjected to a solution heat treatment at 980°C for 2 h and water quenched, and then aged at temperatures of 715, 750 and 780°C at holding times from 0.5 to 500 h. Structural investigations were conducted using TEM and X-ray diffraction methods. The X-ray phase analyses performed on the isolates were obtained by anodic dissolution of the solid samples. After solution heat treatment the alloy has the structure of twinned austenite with a small amount of undissolved precipitates, such as carbide TiC, carbonitride TiC0.3N0.7, nitride TiN0.3, carbosulfide Ti4C2S2, Laves phase Ni2Si, and boride MoB. The application of ageing causes precipitation processes of γ-Ni3(Al,Ti), G (Ni16Ti6Si7), η (Ni3Ti), β (NiTi) and σ (Cr0.46Mo0.40Si0.14) intermetallic phases, as well as the carbide M23C6. It was found that the main phase precipitating during alloy ageing was the γ intermetallic phase.

Estimation of metal elements content in soil using x-ray fluorescence based on multilayer perceptron

2022 ◽  
Vol 194 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Li ◽  
Xiaofeng Zhang ◽  
Anxiang Lu ◽  
Li Xu ◽  
Dong Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multilayer Perceptron ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Metal Elements

Portable XRF analysis of occupational air filter samples from different workplaces using different samplers: final results, summary and conclusions

2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Harper ◽  
Bruce Pacolay ◽  
Patrick Hintz ◽  
David L. Bartley ◽  
James E. Slaven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portable Xrf ◽  
Air Filter ◽  
Xrf Analysis

scholarly journals Accuracy improvement in XRF analysis for the quantification of elements ranging from tenths to thousands μg g−1 in human tissues using different matrix reference materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 2920-2927
Author(s):  
Jorge Machado ◽  
Patrícia Miguel Carvalho ◽  
Ana Félix ◽  
Delfin Doutel ◽  
José Paulo Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Reference Materials ◽  
Fluorescence Spectrometry ◽  
Human Tissues ◽  
Accuracy Improvement ◽  
External Calibration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Xrf Analysis ◽  
Calibration Approach

In this work, we aim at achieving the most accurate quantitative determination of elements in human tissues by means of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry using the external calibration approach.

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