An analysis of intergroup rivalry using Ising model and reinforcement learning

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (07) ◽  
pp. 1450016
Author(s):  
Feng-Fei Zhao ◽  
Zheng Qin ◽  
Zhuo Shao
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Ising Model ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
The Social ◽  
Learning Technique ◽  
Group Members ◽  
The Impact

Modeling of intergroup rivalry can help us better understand economic competitions, political elections and other similar activities. The result of intergroup rivalry depends on the co-evolution of individual behavior within one group and the impact from the rival group. In this paper, we model the rivalry behavior using Ising model. Different from other simulation studies using Ising model, the evolution rules of each individual in our model are not static, but have the ability to learn from historical experience using reinforcement learning technique, which makes the simulation more close to real human behavior. We studied the phase transition in intergroup rivalry and focused on the impact of the degree of social freedom, the personality of group members and the social experience of individuals. The results of computer simulation show that a society with a low degree of social freedom and highly educated, experienced individuals is more likely to be one-sided in intergroup rivalry.

The Impact of Technological Frames on Knowledge Management Procedures

2009 ◽  
pp. 401-412
Author(s):  
Chun-Tsung Chen
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Knowledge Management Systems ◽  
Technological Frames ◽  
The Social ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Technological Frame ◽  
The Impact

This article intended to explore technological frames held by organisational group members that implicitly served to shape their interpretations of events to give meaning and deliver actions in knowledge management procedures. The research used the existing technological frame (Orlikowski & Gash, 1994) concept to interpret the social aspect of the problems associated with the introduction and utilisation of information technology in conducting knowledge management systems. This research was carried out in the context of four different industries in Taiwan and four cases based on each industry were chosen.

The Effectiveness of Transferring Multi-Agent Behaviors From a Learning Environment in the Presence of Synthetic Social Structures

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Garfield ◽  
Annie Wu ◽  
Mehmet Onal ◽  
Britt Crawford ◽  
Adam Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environment ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Agent Behavior ◽  
The Social ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Group Members ◽  
The Common ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
The Impact

The diverse behavior representation schemes and learning paradigms being investigated within the robotics community share the common feature that successful deployment of agents requires that behaviors developed in a learning environment are successfully applied to a range of unfamiliar and potentially more complex operational environments. The intent of our research is to develop insight into the factors facilitating successful transfer of behaviors to the operational environments. We present experimental results investigating the effects of several factors for a simulated swarm of autonomous vehicles. Our primary focus is on the impact of Synthetic Social Structures, which are guidelines directing the interactions between agents, much like social behaviors direct interactions between group members in the human and animal world. The social structure implemented is a dominance hierarchy, which has been shown previously to facilitate negotiation between agents. The goal of this investigation is to investigate mechanisms adding robustness to agent behavior.

Social categorization in interpersonal negotiation: How social structural factors shape negotiations

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 765-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Demoulin ◽  
Cátia P. Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Group Membership ◽  
Social Categorization ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Distributive Negotiation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Structural ◽  
Group Identities ◽  
Group Members ◽  
The Impact

Social categorization is a powerful determinant of social behavior. As group membership becomes salient, individuals come to behave as group members and, consequently, appraise interactions according to these salient group identities (Turner, 1987). The aim of the present article is to investigate the impact of social categorization on perceptions and appraisals of a distributive negotiation situation. An experiment is presented in which social categorization of the negotiation partner is manipulated. Results revealed that the social structural factors associated with the partner’s group (i.e. social status and group’s competition) influence fixed-pie perceptions as well as participants’ inferences about their counterpart’s target and resistance points. In addition, these effects are mediated by stereotypical evaluations of the counterpart in terms of warmth and competence, respectively.

scholarly journals The role of community supported agriculture in the development of organic agriculture in Croatia

Geoadria ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Sarjanović
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Community Supported Agriculture ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Social Motives ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
The Social ◽  
Group Members

Community supported agriculture (CSA) refers to those agricultural activities that contrast with commercial agriculture. They consist of members who pay for fresh, untreated and locally grown food directly from farmers. In this way the risk is shared and the resellers are eliminated. This paper discusses the basic principles of CSA functioning and the historical circumstances of their development. Besides the economic dimension of the functioning of CSA groups, which is most important (ensuring of purchase), emphasis is also given to the social and cultural dimension of the groups activity. The basis of the work is the presentation of the functioning of CSA groups in Croatia and a comparison of social and economic characteristics of the group members and the farmers that collaborate to the groups with trends in the world. The results were collected by administering an online questionnaire among 46 group members and 5 famers. The survey has confirmed the starting hypothesis – that the group members are younger and highly educated persons who live in large cities or urbanized regions (Zagreb, Kvarner, Istria) and are driven by eco-social motives (ecological consciousness, healthy food, cooperation with group members). Farmers who cooperate with CSA groups are practicing ecological agriculture on farms that are smaller than an average Croatian farm. They collaborate with the groups because of easier selling of the products and they find that the groups have a positive effect on their income and involvement in the local community.

scholarly journals From privilege to prevalence: contextual effects of women's schooling on African marital timing

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Frye ◽  
Sara Lopus
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
The Social ◽  
Educational Groups ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

In Africa and elsewhere, educated women tend to marry later than their less educated peers. Beyond being an attribute of individual women, education is also an aggregate phenomenon: the social meaning of a woman’s educational attainment depends on the educational attainments of her agemates. Using data from 30 countries and 246 birth cohorts across sub-Saharan Africa, we investigate the impact of educational context (the percent of women in a country cohort who ever attended school) on the relationship between a woman’s own educational attainment and her marital timing. In contexts where access to education is prevalent, the marital timing of uneducated and highly-educated women is more similar than it is in contexts where attending school is limited to a privileged minority. This across-country convergence is driven by no-education women marrying later in high-education contexts, especially through lower rates of very early marriages. However, within countries over time, the marital ages of women from different educational groups tend to diverge as educational access expands. This within-country divergence is most often driven by later marriage among highly-educated women, although some countries’ divergence is driven by earlier marriage among women who never attended school.

scholarly journals The social psychology of whistleblowing: An integrated model

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farid Anvari ◽  
Michael Wenzel ◽  
Lydia Woodyatt ◽  
S. Alexander Haslam
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Organizational Research ◽  
Psychological Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Group Memberships ◽  
The Impact

Whistleblowing is the disclosure of ingroup wrongdoing to an external agency and can have important functions for the regulation of moral and legal conduct. Organizational research has focused largely on the impact of individual and organizational factors, while overlooking the role of group memberships and associated social identities. Further, social psychologists have so far paid little attention to this phenomenon, or else have tended to subsume it within analysis of dissent. To address these lacunae, we present a psychological model of whistleblowing that draws on social identity theorizing (after Tajfel & Turner, 1979). This model describes when and how social identities and different forms of power motivate group members to respond to ingroup wrongdoing by engaging in whistleblowing. Our review of the literature points to the model’s ability to integrate existing evidence while providing direction for future research. We also discuss the model’s capacity to inform whistleblowing policy and procedures.

scholarly journals The social psychology of whistleblowing: An integrated model

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farid Anvari ◽  
Michael Wenzel ◽  
Lydia Woodyatt ◽  
S. Alex Haslam
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Organizational Research ◽  
Psychological Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Group Memberships ◽  
The Impact

Whistleblowing is the disclosure of ingroup wrongdoing to an external agency and can have important functions for the regulation of moral and legal conduct. Organizational research has focused largely on the impact of individual and organizational factors, while overlooking the role of group memberships and associated social identities. Further, social psychologists have so far paid little attention to this phenomenon, or else have tended to subsume it within analysis of dissent. To address these lacunae, we present a psychological model of whistleblowing that draws on social identity theorizing (after Tajfel & Turner, 1979). This model describes when and how social identities and different forms of power motivate group members to respond to ingroup wrongdoing by engaging in whistleblowing. Our review of the literature points to the model’s ability to integrate existing evidence while providing direction for future research. We also discuss the model’s capacity to inform whistleblowing policy and procedures.

scholarly journals Evaluating the impact of curriculum learning on the training process for an intelligent agent in a video game

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (68) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Jorge E Camargo ◽  
Rigoberto Sáenz
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Intelligent Agent ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Learning Technique ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Game Simulation ◽  
The Impact

We want to measure the impact of the curriculum learning technique on a reinforcement training setup, several experiments were designed with different training curriculums adapted for the video game chosen as a case study. Then all were executed on a selected game simulation platform, using two reinforcement learning algorithms, and using the mean cumulative reward as a performance measure. Results suggest that curriculum learning has a significant impact on the training process, increasing training times in some cases, and decreasing them up to 40% percent in some other cases.

Influencers and targets on social media: Investigating the impact of network homogeneity and group identification on online influence

First Monday ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanna Malinen ◽  
Aki Koivula
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
Demographic Differences ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
The Social ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
Influential Users ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Shed Light

This study identifies social media users who aim to influence others and those who have experienced influencing behavior targeted at them. It investigates how influential users and targets of influence differ with respect to their demographic backgrounds and how the perceived group identification, network homogeneity, and size of the social network affect online influence. The data was based on a large-scale survey of Finnish people (N=2,761). We find that young and highly educated men were more likely to be targets of influence, but the demographic differences were less obvious with regard to influencing behavior. Moreover, group identification was a significant factor underpinning online influence for both influencing behavior and target experiences. The network homogeneity and the size of the network increased the likelihood of influencing behavior. Our main contribution is to shed light on people who are targets of online influencing on social media. By comparing influential users and their targets, this study extends the previous research, which has mostly focused on detecting influential people.

scholarly journals Gendered Parenting influence on Children’s Socialization to Gender Stereotype in Marital life

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisrutha Dulla ◽  
◽  
Sugyanta Priyadarshini
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Gender Stereotype ◽  
Gender Stereotyping ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
The Social ◽  
Egalitarian Society ◽  
Heated Debate ◽  
Role Stereotype ◽  
Gender Role Stereotype ◽  
The Impact

This research work draws attention towards heated debate on transfer of gender biased ideology to generations embedding from gendered parenting. Gendered parenting has the potential to be a breeding ground for fueling the belief of gender stereotyping in the minds of their offsprings. This notion of gender stereotyping has created a picture in the heads of the descendants regarding the fixed gender roles which develops gendered socialization in governing the social world from the lens of gender biasness. The objective of the study is to examine empirically the impact of gendered parenting on gendered socialization in their children’s marital life. The study adopts thirty-two-items scale devised by Brogan & Kutner (1976) and eight- items scale under Gender Role Stereotype Scale (2012) by taking into consideration a sample size of eight hundred respondents comprising of highly educated married professionals and their parents. The findings revealed that children have rightly perceived their parent’s act of gender stereotype in their childhood. Consequently, despite being highly educated, the act of gender stereotyping continues in their married life as they burgeoned under the reflection of gendered parenting. Furthermore, it is also interpreted in the analysis that the female respondents are adversely affected by the pervasive bias and prejudices of gender stereotype in professional life in comparison to the male respondents. The study makes efforts to enhance the understanding of the community of parents to limit the transmission of gendered ideology to their next generations, thereby, progressing towards egalitarian society.

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