The Anti-depressant Effect of Nelumbinis Semen on Rats Under Chronic Mild Stress Induced Depression-like Symptoms

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (02) ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moonkyu Kang ◽  
Dongwon Shin ◽  
Jung-Wan Oh ◽  
Chongwoon Cho ◽  
Hwa-Jin Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hypericum Perforatum ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
The Other ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Traditional Herbal Medicine ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Corni Fructus ◽  
Nelumbinis Semen

Nelumbinis Semen is a well-known traditional herbal medicine frequently used in treatment of depression in many Asian countries. In this study, its anti-depression effects in rats were investigated by comparing the test results of those treated with Nelumbinis Semen to those treated with other herbal anti-depressants, including Rehmanniae Radix Preparat, Corni Fructus, Lycii Fructus, Pinelliae Rhizoma and Hypericum Perforatum. In order to induce depression-like symptoms, the animals were placed under chronic mild stress in the form of overnight illumination for 2 consecutive days. They were treated with the respective herbal extract and forced swimming tests were conducted afterwards. The anti-depression effects of each extract were then evaluated based on a measured index, which consisted of struggling time, first latency and first rest duration. These test results show that Nelumbinis Semen provides greater anti-depression effects than the other herbal extracts. Specifically, only the rats treated with Nelumbinis Semen showed significant increases in struggling time (43.9%, p <0.005, p =0.0037) and in first latency time (90.2%, p <0.05, p =0.0116). However, the first rest duration for Nelumbinis Semen treated rats was not significantly different from the other rats. It appears that Nelumbinis Semen provides even greater anti-depression effects than Hypericum Perforatum (commonly referred to as St. John's Wort, perhaps the most widely used natural anti-depressant today). The anti-depression effects of Nelumbinis Semen might be due to the modulation of the amount of neurotransmitters involved in depression.

scholarly journals Anxiety-like but not despair-like behaviors are further aggravated by chronic mild stress in the early stages of APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic mice

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Ying Gao ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
Dong-Yuan Su ◽  
Charles Marshall ◽  
Ming Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Planning Treatment ◽  
Early Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor Signaling ◽  
Low Serum

ABSTRACTEarly Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and depression share many symptoms, thus it is very difficult to initially distinguish one from the other. Therefore, characterizing the shared and different biological changes between the two disorders will be helpful in making an early diagnosis and planning treatment. In the present study, 8-week-old APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic mice received chronic mild stress (CMS) for 8 weeks followed by a series of behavioral, biochemical and pathological analyses. APPswe/PS1dE9 mice demonstrated despair- and anxiety-like behaviors, and reduced sociability, accompanied by high levels of soluble beta-amyloid, glial activation, neuroinflammation and brain derived neurotrophic factor signaling disturbance in the hippocampus. Notably, APPswe/PS1dE9 mice exposure to CMS further aggravated anxiety-like behaviors rather than hopelessness and sociability deficits, accompanied with more severe neuroinflammation, and low serum corticosterone increased to the normal level. These results may help to understand the pathogenic mechanism of psychiatric symptoms associated with early AD.

scholarly journals Dipyrone ameliorates behavioural changes induced by unpredictable chronic mild stress: gender differences

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olcay E Kiroğlu ◽  
Kübra E Demirkol ◽  
Fatih Berktaş ◽  
Arash A Yegani ◽  
Ayşegül Kirpik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Stress ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
Behavioural Tests ◽  
Empty Cage ◽  
Post Hoc

Purpose: Antidepressant effects of analgesics have been investigate in both clinical and experimental studies. The purpose of this study was to investigate if the analgesic-antipyretic drug, dipyrone, also had antidepressant-like effects. Methods: Depression-like effects were investigated in an unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) model in both male and female mice. Cage changes, light-dark cycle reversal, cage tilting, wet floor, empty cage, foreign material on the floor and predator sounds were used to induce light stress at different times for six weeks. Dipyrone was administered intraperitoneally beginning from the third week. Splash, rota-rod (RR) and forced swimming (FST) tests were performed at the seventh week as behavioural tests to evaluate the antidepressant-like effects of dipyrone. Coat state score (CSS) and weights of animals were recorded at seventh weeks. Results were analyzed using one or two-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferonni post hoc test. Results: Weight of UCMS-exposed mice did not change compared with controls; however, significant changes were observed in CSS in both sexes of stressed mice (p

scholarly journals POSSIBLE INFLUENCE OF LOXOPROFEN IN LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE INDUCED ALTERATIONS IN SUCROSE INTAKE IN CHRONIC MILD STRESS MODEL IN MICE

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-101
Author(s):  
KUNDU SMITA S ◽  
DIGVIJAYSINH G RANA
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Stress Model ◽  
Sucrose Intake ◽  
Depressant Effect ◽  
The Past ◽  
Future Treatment ◽  
Treatment Of Depression

Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of Loxoprofen in sucrose intake in the absence and presence of Lipopolysaccharide in chronic mild stress model of depression in mice. Methods: There was a measurement of sucrose intake in chronic mild stress model (CMS), consisting of 21 days stress schedule in which mice were subjected to the treatment of Loxoprofen (16.8 mg/kg, p.o.) with or without treatment of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (0.5 mg/kg i.p.) for the past 14 days. Results: The result of the present study indicated that mice treated with Venlafaxine and Loxoprofen showed a significant increase in the sucrose intake in stressed mice in chronic mild stress model. LPS-treated mice presented a decrease in sucrose intake when compared to controls. Similarly, Venlafaxine and Loxoprofen in the presence of LPS could increase the sucrose intake as compared to LPS treated stressed mice. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that Loxoprofen could influence LPS induced alterations in sucrose intake in mice in chronic mild stress model. It can also indicate the possible anti-depressant effect of Loxoprofen in mice subjected to chronic mild stress model of depression, having its possible implication in future treatment of depression.

Nelumbinis Semen reverses a decrease in 5-HT1A receptor binding induced by chronic mild stress, a depression-like symptom

2004 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1065-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Choon -Gon Jang ◽  
Moonkyu Kang ◽  
Jae -Han Cho ◽  
Sun -Bok Lee ◽  
Hyuntaek Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Nelumbinis Semen

scholarly journals The mechanism of electroacupuncture for depression on basic research: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuke Han ◽  
Yang Gao ◽  
Xuan Yin ◽  
Zhangjin Zhang ◽  
Lixing Lao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Treatment Of Depression

Abstract Background Electroacupuncture (EA) is generally accepted as a safe and harmless treatment option for alleviating depression. However, there are several challenges related to the use of EA. Although EA has been shown to be effective in treating depression, the molecular mechanism is unclear. Objective To reveal the therapeutic effect of EA and its possible mechanism in the treatment of depression. Search strategy We performed a systematic search according to PRISMA guidelines. We electronically searched PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data Information Site and the VIP information database for animal studies in English published from the inception of these databases to December 31, 2019. Inclusion criteria Electronic searches of PubMed, WOS, the CNKI, Wanfang and the VIP database were conducted using the following search terms: (depression OR depressive disorder OR antidepressive), (rat OR mouse) AND (acupuncture OR EA). Data extraction and analysis The data were extracted primarily by one author, and a follow-up review was conducted by the other authors. Results Twenty-eight articles met the inclusion criteria. The most commonly used method for inducing depression in animal models was 21 days of chronic unpredictable mild stress. For the depression model, the most commonly selected EA frequency was 2 Hz. Among the 28 selected studies, 11 studies observed depression-related behaviors and used them as indicators of EA efficacy. The other 17 studies focused on mechanisms and assessed the indexes that exhibited abnormalities that were known to result from depression and then returned to a normal range after EA treatment. Treatment of depression by EA involves multiple therapeutic mechanisms, including inhibition of HPA axis hyperactivity and inflammation, regulation of neuropeptides and neurotransmitters, modulation of the expression of particular genes, restoration of hippocampal synaptic plasticity, increased expression of BDNF, and regulation of several signaling pathways. Conclusions This review reveals that the mechanisms underlying the effect of acupuncture involve multiple pathways and targets, suggesting that acupuncture is a wholistic treatment for people rather than for diseases. Our findings also explain why acupuncture can treat various disorders in addition to depression.

Possible Involvement of the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 Pathway in the Hypothalamus in Depressive-Like Behavior of Rats Exposed to Chronic Mild Stress

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Guan ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Mengxi Liu ◽  
Anji Sun ◽  
Xiaobai Li
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Janus Kinase ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Stat3 Pathway ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Swimming Test

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The interleukin-6/janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (IL-6/JAK2/STAT3) pathway plays an important role in immune function, but little research has focused on this pathway in depression. We sought to examine the relationship between the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway and depressive-like behavior. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Using a chronic mild stress (CMS) paradigm, a total of 36 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four matched groups: (1) control + vehicle, (2) CMS + vehicle, (3) control + paroxetine, and (4) CMS + paroxetine. We investigated the effects of CMS on depressive-like behavior by using the forced swimming test (FST). Subsequently, the mRNA levels of members of the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway were assessed by qRT-PCR. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We found that rats exposed to CMS displayed a significant increase in immobility time and a decrease in climbing time in the FST. Moreover, mRNA levels of IL-6, JAK2, and STAT3 in the hypothalamus were increased following CMS. We also found that mRNA levels of IL-6, JAK2, and STAT3 were normalized by paroxetine administration, which coincided with normalization of the depressive-like behavior. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway may be activated in depression, and targeting this pathway may provide a novel effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of depression.

Nelumbinis Semen reverses a decrease in hippocampal 5-HT release induced by chronic mild stress in rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 651-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moonkyu Kang ◽  
Kwang-Ho Pyun ◽  
Choon-Gon Jang ◽  
Hyuntaek Kim ◽  
Hyunsu Bae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Nelumbinis Semen

Adding an expansive agent to increase the toughness of steel fibre reinforced concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-208
Author(s):  
Leo Gu Li ◽  
Albert Kwok Hung Kwan
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Steel Fibre ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Compressive Properties ◽  
Shrinkage Cracking ◽  
Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Expansive Agent ◽  
Concrete Matrix

Previous research studies have indicated that using fibres to improve crack resistance and applying expansive agent (EA) to compensate shrinkage are both effective methods to mitigate shrinkage cracking of concrete, and the additions of both fibres and EA can enhance the other performance attributes of concrete. In this study, an EA was added to fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) to produce concrete mixes with various water/binder (W/B) ratios, steel fibre (SF) contents and EA contents for testing of their workability and compressive properties. The test results showed that adding EA would slightly increase the superplasticiser (SP) demand and decrease the compressive strength, Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio, but significantly improve the toughness and specific toughness of the steel FRC produced. Such improvement in toughness may be attributed to the pre-stress of the concrete matrix and the confinement effect of the SFs due to the expansion of the concrete and the restraint of the SFs against such expansion.

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