scholarly journals UNIFIED DARK MATTER IN SCALAR FIELD COSMOLOGIES

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (38) ◽  
pp. 2893-2907 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIELE BERTACCA ◽  
SABINO MATARRESE ◽  
MASSIMO PIETRONI
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Sound Speed ◽  
State Parameter ◽  
Equation Of Motion ◽  
Kinetic Term ◽  
Fluid Equation ◽  
Classical Trajectories

Considering the general Lagrangian of k-essence models, we study and classify them through variables connected to the fluid equation of state parameter wκ. This allows one to find solutions around which the scalar field describes a mixture of dark matter and cosmological constant-like dark energy, an example being the purely kinetic model proposed by Scherrer. Making the stronger assumption that the scalar field Lagrangian is exactly constant along solutions of the equation of motion, we find a general class of k-essence models whose classical trajectories directly describe a unified dark matter/dark energy (cosmological constant) fluid. While the simplest case of a scalar field with canonical kinetic term unavoidably leads to an effective sound speed cs = 1, thereby inhibiting the growth of matter inhomogeneities, more general non-canonical k-essence models allow for the possibility that cs≪1 whenever matter dominates.

scholarly journals DILATON COUPLED QUINTESSENCE MODEL IN THE ω - ω′ PLANE

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (07) ◽  
pp. 1109-1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. G. HUANG ◽  
H. Q. LU ◽  
W. FANG
Keyword(s):  
Dark Energy ◽  
Field Equation ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Equation Of State ◽  
State Parameter ◽  
Equation Of Motion ◽  
Gravitational Theory ◽  
Scalar Field Equation ◽  
Equation Of State Parameter ◽  
Quintessence Model

In this paper, we regard the dilaton in Weyl-scaled induced gravitational theory as a coupled quintessence. Based on this consideration, we investigate the dilaton coupled quintessence (DCQ) model in the ω - ω′ plane, which is defined by the equation of state parameter for the dark energy and its derivative with respect to N (the logarithm of the scale factor a). We find the scalar field equation of motion in the ω - ω′ plane, and show mathematically the properties of attractor solutions which correspond to ωσ ~ -1, ωσ = 1. Finally, we find that our model is a tracking one which belongs to "freezing" type models classified in the ω - ω′ plane.

scholarly journals Unified Dark Matter Scalar Field Models

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Bertacca ◽  
Nicola Bartolo ◽  
Sabino Matarrese
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Galactic Halo ◽  
Kinetic Term ◽  
Spherically Symmetric ◽  
Rotation Curves ◽  
Spherically Symmetric Solutions ◽  
Scalar Field Models ◽  
Unified Description

We analyze and review cosmological models in which the dynamics of a single scalar field accounts for a unified description of the Dark Matter and Dark Energy sectors, dubbed Unified Dark Matter (UDM) models. In this framework, we consider the general Lagrangian of -essence, which allows to find solutions around which the scalar field describes the desired mixture of Dark Matter and Dark Energy. We also discuss static and spherically symmetric solutions of Einstein's equations for a scalar field with noncanonical kinetic term, in connection with galactic halo rotation curves.

Time-varying q-deformed dark energy interacts with dark matter

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 1750177
Author(s):  
Emre Dil ◽  
Erdinç Kolay
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Particle Creation ◽  
State Parameter ◽  
Late Time ◽  
Dynamical Structure ◽  
Stable Attractor ◽  
Energy Quantum ◽  
The Universe

We propose a new model for studying the dark constituents of the universe by regarding the dark energy as a [Formula: see text]-deformed scalar field interacting with the dark matter, in the framework of standard general relativity. Here we assume that the number of particles in each mode of the [Formula: see text]-deformed scalar field varies in time by the particle creation and annihilation. We first describe the [Formula: see text]-deformed scalar field dark energy quantum-field theoretically, then construct the action and the dynamical structure of these interacting dark sectors, in order to study the dynamics of the model. We perform the phase space analysis of the model to confirm and interpret our proposal by searching the stable attractor solutions implying the late-time accelerating phase of the universe. We then obtain the result that when interaction and equation-of-state parameter of the dark matter evolve from the present day values into a particular value, the dark energy turns out to be a [Formula: see text]-deformed scalar field.

Effective masses in a dense fermion background — Applied to neutrinos, dark matter and dark energy

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (21) ◽  
pp. 1444010
Author(s):  
Bruce H. J. McKellar ◽  
T. J. Goldman ◽  
G. J. Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Effective Mass ◽  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Expectation Value ◽  
Effective Masses ◽  
Neutrino Astrophysics

If fermions interact with a scalar field, and there are many fermions present the scalar field may develop an expectation value and generate an effective mass for the fermions. This can lead to the formation of fermion clusters, which could be relevant for neutrino astrophysics and for dark matter astrophysics. Because this system may exhibit negative pressure, it also leads to a model of dark energy.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF DARK MATTER HALOES IN A HOMOGENEOUS DARK ENERGY UNIVERSE

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (08n10) ◽  
pp. 1397-1403
Author(s):  
L. MARASSI
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
State Parameter ◽  
Mass Function ◽  
Accelerated Expansion ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Energy Models ◽  
Dark Energy Component ◽  
Standard Press

Several independent cosmological tests have shown evidences that the energy density of the universe is dominated by a dark energy component, which causes the present accelerated expansion. The large scale structure formation can be used to probe dark energy models, and the mass function of dark matter haloes is one of the best statistical tools to perform this study. We present here a statistical analysis of mass functions of galaxies under a homogeneous dark energy model, proposed in the work of Percival (2005), using an observational flux-limited X-ray cluster survey, and CMB data from WMAP. We compare, in our analysis, the standard Press–Schechter (PS) approach (where a Gaussian distribution is used to describe the primordial density fluctuation field of the mass function), and the PL (power–law) mass function (where we apply a non-extensive q-statistical distribution to the primordial density field). We conclude that the PS mass function cannot explain at the same time the X-ray and the CMB data (even at 99% confidence level), and the PS best fit dark energy equation of state parameter is ω = -0.58, which is distant from the cosmological constant case. The PL mass function provides better fits to the HIFLUGCS X-ray galaxy data and the CMB data; we also note that the ω parameter is very sensible to modifications in the PL free parameter, q, suggesting that the PL mass function could be a powerful tool to constrain dark energy models.

scholarly journals FERMIONIC AND SCALAR FIELDS AS SOURCES OF INTERACTING DARK MATTER–DARK ENERGY

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 2543-2558 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAMUEL LEPE ◽  
JAVIER LORCA ◽  
FRANCISCO PEÑA ◽  
YERKO VÁSQUEZ
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Analytical Solution ◽  
Scalar Fields ◽  
Nonminimal Coupling ◽  
Field Equations ◽  
Fermionic Field ◽  
Minimal Coupling ◽  
Constant Type

From a variational action with nonminimal coupling with a scalar field and classical scalar and fermionic interaction, cosmological field equations can be obtained. Imposing a Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) metric, the equations lead directly to a cosmological model consisting of two interacting fluids, where the scalar field fluid is interpreted as dark energy and the fermionic field fluid is interpreted as dark matter. Several cases were studied analytically and numerically. An important feature of the non-minimal coupling is that it allows crossing the barrier from a quintessence to phantom behavior. The insensitivity of the solutions to one of the parameters of the model permits it to find an almost analytical solution for the cosmological constant type of universe.

Dynamical system approach for the modified Brans–Dicke theory

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1950132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianbo Lu ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Shining Yang ◽  
Jiachun Li ◽  
Molin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical System ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Critical Point ◽  
System Approach ◽  
State Parameter ◽  
Kinetic Term ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Dynamical System Approach ◽  
De Sitter Universe ◽  
Manifold Theory

A modified Brans–Dicke theory (abbreviated as GBD) is proposed by generalizing the Ricci scalar [Formula: see text] to an arbitrary function [Formula: see text] in the original BD action. It can be found that the GBD theory has some interesting properties, such as solving the problem of PPN value without introducing the so-called chameleon mechanism (comparing with the [Formula: see text] modified gravity), making the state parameter to crossover the phantom boundary: [Formula: see text] without introducing the negative kinetic term (comparing with the quintom model). In the GBD theory, the gravitational field equation and the cosmological evolutional equations have been derived. In the framework of cosmology, we apply the dynamical system approach to investigate the stability of the GBD model. A five-variable cosmological dynamical system and three critical points ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) are obtained in the GBD model. After calculation, it is shown that the critical point [Formula: see text] corresponds to the radiation dominated universe and it is unstable. The critical point [Formula: see text] is unstable, which corresponds to the geometrical dark energy dominated universe. While for case of [Formula: see text], according to the center manifold theory, this critical point is stable, and it corresponds to geometrical dark energy dominated de Sitter universe ([Formula: see text]).

scholarly journals BRANE–BULK ENERGY EXCHANGE AND AGEGRAPHIC DARK ENERGY

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (03) ◽  
pp. 305-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
AHMAD SHEYKHI
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Equation Of State ◽  
Normal State ◽  
Energy Exchange ◽  
State Parameter ◽  
Effective Equation ◽  
Agegraphic Dark Energy ◽  
Equation Of State Parameter ◽  
Bulk Energy

We consider the agegraphic models of dark energy in a braneworld scenario with brane–bulk energy exchange. We assume that the adiabatic equation for the dark matter is satisfied while it is violated for the agegraphic dark energy due to the energy exchange between the brane and the bulk. Our study shows that with the brane–bulk interaction, the equation of state parameter of agegraphic dark energy on the brane, wD, can have a transition from the normal state, where wD > -1, to the phantom regime, where wD < -1, while the effective equation of state for dark energy always satisfies [Formula: see text].

scholarly journals Dark Energy as a Cosmological Consequence of Existence of the Dirac Scalar Field in Nature

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Babourova ◽  
B. N. Frolov
Keyword(s):  
Dark Energy ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Early Universe ◽  
Large Time ◽  
Field Equations ◽  
Conformal Theory ◽  
Effective Cosmological Constant ◽  
Theory Of Gravitation ◽  
Cosmological Consequence

The solution of the field equations of the conformal theory of gravitation with Dirac scalar field in Cartan-Weyl spacetime at the very early Universe is obtained. In this theory dark energy (described by an effective cosmological constant) is a function of the Dirac scalar field β. This solution describes the exponential decreasing of β at the inflation stage and has a limit to a constant value of the dark energy at large time. This can give a way to solving the fundamental cosmological constant problem as a consequence of the fields dynamics in the early Universe.

scholarly journals BOUNCING MODELS WITH A COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT

2011 ◽  
Vol 03 ◽  
pp. 294-302
Author(s):  
NELSON PINTO-NETO ◽  
BEATRIZ B. SIFFERT ◽  
RODRIGO MAIER ◽  
STELLA PEREIRA
Keyword(s):  
Dark Energy ◽  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
State Parameter ◽  
Vacuum State ◽  
Cosmological Perturbations ◽  
Scale Invariant ◽  
Stiff Matter ◽  
Equation Of State Parameter ◽  
Contracting Phase

Most bouncing models contain a contracting phase from a very large and rarefied state, where dark energy might have had an important role. If this is that case, the presence of dark energy can modify the initial conditions and evolution of cosmological perturbations, changing the known results already obtained in the literature concerning their amplitude and spectrum. In this work, we assume the simplest and most appealing candidate for dark energy, the cosmological constant, and study its influence on the evolution of cosmological perturbations during the contracting phase of a bouncing model, containing also a perfect fluid with constant equation of state parameter w. We show that, due to the vacuum state choice we have to make when a cosmological constant is present, the spectrum of the perturbations are substantially altered. We conclude that, in this case, the presence of a stiff matter fluid in the contracting phase is needed in order to have a scale invariant spectrum of perturbations in the expanding phase.

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