CHARMONIUM PRODUCTION IN Pb–Pb COLLISIONS AT ALICE: FROM SUPPRESSION TO REGENERATION?

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (21) ◽  
pp. 1330018 ◽  
Author(s):  
ENRICO SCOMPARIN
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Gluon Plasma ◽  
Alice Experiment ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Quark Production ◽  
History Of

Heavy quarkonium states are considered as one of the key observables for the study of the phase transition from a system made of hadrons towards a Quark–Gluon Plasma (QGP). In the last 25 years, experiments at CERN and Brookhaven have studied collisions of heavy ions looking for a suppression of charmonia/bottomonia, considered as a signature of the phase transition. After an introduction to the main concepts behind these studies and a short review of the SPS and RHIC results, I will describe the results obtained in Pb – Pb collisions by the ALICE experiment at the LHC. The ALICE findings will be critically compared to those of lower energy experiments, to CMS results, and to model calculations. The large cross-sections for heavy-quark production at LHC energies are expected to induce a novel production mechanism for charmonia in heavy-ion collisions, related to a recombination of [Formula: see text] pairs along the history of the collision and/or at hadronization. The occurrence of such a process at the LHC will be discussed. Finally, prospects for future measurements will be shortly addressed.

Resonance-like QGP signals displayed in general charge balance functions

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (08) ◽  
pp. 1450036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Hua Pan ◽  
Wei-Ning Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Bound States ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Gluon Plasma ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Balance Function ◽  
Lattice Simulation ◽  
Charge Balance ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Quark Production ◽  
Balance Functions

Experiment and lattice simulation show that the quark–gluon plasma (QGP) system displays strong interaction between constituents at temperature a few times the critical temperature Tc. This QGP picture can be explained by assuming that the QGP matter above Tc is rich in different kinds of bound states, namely resonance-like QGP (RQGP). The chemical composition of the QGP system produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions can be investigated through a general charge balance function which describes two-wave quark production during expansion afterward. In this paper, we investigate the signals of this RQGP through general charge balance functions. We find that the quasiparticles in QGP contribute a little to the balance functions because of their heavy masses. The balance functions reduce to the situation discussed before where only one-wave charge production is involved if only the quasiparticles in QGP are considered. However, the baryonic bound states in QGP have a significant effect on the balance function [Formula: see text], causing a dip in the [Formula: see text] balance function at small Δy. The existence of the binary and baryonic bound states amplify the negative dip of the balance function BpK-(Δy) at Δy ∽ 1.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF CURVATURE AND INTERACTIONS ON THE DYNAMICS OF THE DECONFINEMENT PHASE TRANSITION

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (30) ◽  
pp. 5221-5235
Author(s):  
DEEPAK CHANDRA ◽  
ASHOK GOYAL
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Gluon Plasma ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Hadron Gas ◽  
Curvature Energy ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Hadronization Process ◽  
Deconfinement Phase Transition ◽  
Tension Increase

We study the dynamics of first-order confinement-deconfinement phase transition through nucleation of hadronic bubbles in an expanding quark–gluon plasma in the context of heavy ion collisions for interacting quark and hadron gas and by incorporating the effects of curvature energy. We find that the interactions reduce the delay in the phase transition whereas the curvature energy has a mixed behavior. In contrast to the case of early Universe phase transition, here lower values of surface tension increase the supercooling and slow down the hadronization process. Higher values of bag pressure tend to speed up the transition. Another interesting feature is the start of the hadronization process as soon as the QGP is created.

INFLUENCE OF LONG-RANGE CORRELATION ON THE SCALING PROPERTIES OF THE NORMALIZED FACTORIAL CORRELATORS IN RELATIVISTIC HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (08) ◽  
pp. 1350059 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Z. BAI ◽  
C. B. YANG
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Gluon Plasma ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Ginzburg Landau ◽  
Scaling Properties ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Range Correlation ◽  
Dynamical Fluctuations ◽  
Second Order Phase Transition

The effect of multiplicity correlation between two bins to the dynamical fluctuations is investigated for a second-order phase transition from quark–gluon plasma (QGP) to hadrons, within the Ginzburg–Landau description for the transition. Normalized factorial correlators are used to characterize the dynamical fluctuations. A scaling behavior among the correlators is found, and an approximate universal exponent is obtained with very weak dependence on the details of the phase transition.

ULTRARELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR PHYSICS: FROM BECOMING TO BEING

1989 ◽  
Vol 04 (15) ◽  
pp. 3717-3757 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. GEIST
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Quark Gluon Plasma ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Gluon Plasma ◽  
Plasma Properties ◽  
Ion Collisions

Basic theoretical ideas on a phase transition in heavy ion collisions to a thermalized plasma of free quarks and gluons are outlined. Major experiments are then described which made use of oxygen and sulphur beams with moderate (BNL) or high (CERN) momenta. Representative results pertaining to both average event features and quark-gluon plasma properties are discussed in some detail. This review addresses also interested non-specialists.

scholarly journals Heavy-Flavor Measurements with the ALICE Experiment at the LHC

Universe ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Róbert Vértesi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Gluon Plasma ◽  
Heavy Quarks ◽  
Heavy Flavor ◽  
Successful Completion ◽  
Alice Experiment ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
State Of Matter ◽  
Heavy Flavor Quarks ◽  
Dense State

Heavy quarks (charm and beauty) are produced early in the nucleus–nucleus collisions, and heavy flavor survives throughout the later stages. Measurements of heavy-flavor quarks thus provide us with means to understand the properties of the Quark–Gluon Plasma, a hot and dense state of matter created in heavy-ion collisions. Production of heavy-flavor in small collision systems, on the other hand, can be used to test Quantum-chromodynamics models. After a successful completion of the Run-I data taking period, the increased luminosity from the LHC and an upgraded ALICE detector system in the Run-II data taking period allows for unprecedented precision in the study of heavy quarks. In this article we give an overview of selected recent results on heavy-flavor measurements with ALICE experiments at the LHC.

scholarly journals Review of QCD, cosmological phase transitions, QGP, heavy quark meson production enhancement and suppression

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (15) ◽  
pp. 1730008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard S. Kisslinger
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Heavy Quark ◽  
Quark Gluon Plasma ◽  
Meson Production ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Gluon Plasma ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Present Universe

This review of the quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the early universe cosmological phase transition from the quark–gluon plasma (QGP) to our present universe (QCDPT), relativistic heavy ion collisions (RHIC) which can produce the QGP, the possible detection of the QGP produced by the production of mixed hybrid heavy quark mesons. We also review the recent studies of the production of mixed heavy quark hybrids via RHIC and heavy quark meson suppression in p-Pb and Pb–Pb collisions.

scholarly journals Review of QCD, quark–gluon plasma, heavy quark hybrids, and heavy quark state production in p–p and A–A collisions

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (07) ◽  
pp. 1630010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard S. Kisslinger ◽  
Debasish Das
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Quark ◽  
Quark Gluon Plasma ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Gluon Plasma ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Quark State ◽  
Quark Production ◽  
State Production ◽  
Fragmentation Functions

This is a review of the Quantum Chromodynamics Cosmological Phase Transitions, the quark–gluon plasma, the production of heavy quark states via [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] collisions and Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions (RHIC) using the mixed hybrid theory for the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] states; and the possible detection of the quark–gluon plasma via heavy quark production using RHIC. Recent research on fragmentation for the production of [Formula: see text] mesons is reviewed, as is future theoretical and experimental research on the Collins and Sivers fragmentation functions for pions produced in polarized [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] collisions.

scholarly journals Monte-Carlo simulation of the 1st order hadron-QGP phase transition in heavy ion collisions using a parton model

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Rusak ◽  
L. F. Babichev
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Parton Model ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Gluon Plasma ◽  
Heavy Nuclei ◽  
Total N ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Probabilistic Process

Quark gluon plasma (QGP) is a special state of nuclear matter where quarks and gluons behave like free particles. Recently, a number of investigations of this state with high temperature and/or density have been conducted using collisions of relativistic and ultra-relativistic heavy nuclei. It is accepted that depending on the temperature and density, 1st or the 2nd order phase transitions take place in hadron matter during the formation of QGP. Herein, we have modeled heavy ion collisions using a HIJING Monte-Carlo generator, taking into account the description of the 1st order phase transition as a probabilistic process. We analyzed the behavior of the fluctuations of the total (N = N+ – N–) and resultant (Q = N+ – N–) electric charges of the system. Different phases were introduced using the BDMPS (Baier – Dokshitzer – Mueller – Piegne – Schiff) model of parton energy loss during crossing through a dense nuclear medium.

scholarly journals Measurement of Λc+ Baryon Production in p–Pb Collisions with ALICE at the LHC

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Christopher Hills
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Quark Gluon Plasma ◽  
Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Gluon Plasma ◽  
Baryon Production ◽  
Alice Experiment ◽  
Charmed Baryons ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Model Predictions

Charmed baryons and their corresponding baryon-to-meson ratios are important tools to understand hadronisation processes in the Quark-Gluon Plasma produced in heavy-ion collisions. Recent Run 2 measurements in p–Pb collisions at 5.02 TeV, performed with the ALICE experiment at the LHC, are presented and compared to theoretical model predictions.

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