scholarly journals SYNCHRONOUS QUANTUM GRAVITY

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (08) ◽  
pp. 1149-1156
Author(s):  
FRANCESCO CIANFRANI ◽  
GIOVANNI MONTANI
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Gravity ◽  
Reference Frame ◽  
Quantum Level ◽  
Covariance Principle

The implications of restricting the covariance principle within a Gaussian gauge are developed both on a classical and a quantum level. Hence, we investigate the cosmological issues of the obtained Schrödinger Quantum Gravity with respect to the asymptotically early dynamics of a generic Universe. A dualism between time and the reference frame fixing is then inferred.

scholarly journals DUALISM BETWEEN PHYSICAL FRAMES AND TIME IN QUANTUM GRAVITY

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (20) ◽  
pp. 1519-1527 ◽  
Author(s):  
SIMONE MERCURI ◽  
GIOVANNI MONTANI
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Gravity ◽  
Reference Frame ◽  
Path Integral ◽  
Classical Limit ◽  
Quantum Dynamics ◽  
Einstein Equations ◽  
Quantum Level ◽  
Dust Fluid ◽  
Lapse Function ◽  
Canonical Quantum

In this work we present a discussion of the existing links between the procedures of endowing the quantum gravity with a real time and of including in the theory a physical reference frame. More precisely, as a first step, we develop the canonical quantum dynamics, starting from the Einstein equations in presence of a dust fluid and arrive at a Schrödinger evolution. Then, by fixing the lapse function in the path-integral of gravity, we get a Schrödinger quantum dynamics, of which eigenvalues problem provides the appearance of a dust fluid in the classical limit. The main issue of our analysis is to claim that a theory, in which the time displacement invariance, on a quantum level, is broken, is indistinguishable from a theory for which this symmetry holds, but a real reference fluid is included.

scholarly journals Quantum Gravity at the Corner

Universe ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Freidel ◽  
Alejandro Perez
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Gravity ◽  
Symplectic Form ◽  
Direct Application ◽  
Quantum Geometry ◽  
Quantum Level ◽  
Gravitational System ◽  
Gauge Transformations ◽  
First Order ◽  
Conformal Field ◽  
First Time

We investigate the quantum geometry of a 2d surface S bounding the Cauchy slices of a 4d gravitational system. We investigate in detail for the first time the boundary symplectic current that naturally arises in the first-order formulation of general relativity in terms of the Ashtekar–Barbero connection. This current is proportional to the simplest quadratic form constructed out of the pull back to S of the triad field. We show that the would-be-gauge degrees of freedo arising from S U ( 2 ) gauge transformations plus diffeomorphisms tangent to the boundary are entirely described by the boundary 2-dimensional symplectic form, and give rise to a representation at each point of S of S L ( 2 , R ) × S U ( 2 ) . Independently of the connection with gravity, this system is very simple and rich at the quantum level, with possible connections with conformal field theory in 2d. A direct application of the quantum theory is modelling of the black horizons in quantum gravity.

ARITHMETIC QUANTUM GRAVITY

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 2305-2310 ◽  
Author(s):  
AXEL KLEINSCHMIDT ◽  
HERMANN NICOLAI
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Gravity ◽  
Algebraic Structure ◽  
Complete Resolution ◽  
Quantum Level ◽  
Cosmological Singularity ◽  
Quantum Billiard ◽  
Symmetry Structure ◽  
Canonical Quantum Gravity ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Canonical Quantum

The arithmetic chaos of classical (super)gravity near a spacelike singularity is elevated to the quantum level via the construction of a cosmological quantum billiard system. Its precise formulation, together with its underlying algebraic structure, allows for a general analysis of the wavefunction of the universe near the singularity. We argue that the extension of these results beyond the billiard approximation may provide a concrete mechanism for emergent space as well as new perspectives on several long-standing issues in canonical quantum gravity. The exponentially growing complexity of the underlying symmetry structure could introduce an element of non-computability that effectively "screens" the cosmological singularity from a complete resolution.

scholarly journals Gravitational waves and perspectives for quantum gravity

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (30) ◽  
pp. 1430034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilya L. Shapiro ◽  
Ana M. Pelinson ◽  
Filipe de O. Salles
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Gravity ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Classical Solutions ◽  
Quantum Level ◽  
Quantum Matter ◽  
Higher Derivatives ◽  
Fourth Derivative ◽  
Matter Fields ◽  
Classical Background

Understanding the role of higher derivatives is probably one of the most relevant questions in quantum gravity theory. Already at the semiclassical level, when gravity is a classical background for quantum matter fields, the action of gravity should include fourth derivative terms to provide renormalizability in the vacuum sector. The same situation holds in the quantum theory of metric. At the same time, including the fourth derivative terms means the presence of massive ghosts, which are gauge-independent massive states with negative kinetic energy. At both classical and quantum level such ghosts violate stability and hence the theory becomes inconsistent. Several approaches to solve this contradiction were invented and we are proposing one more, which looks simpler than those what were considered before. We explore the dynamics of the gravitational waves on the background of classical solutions and give certain arguments that massive ghosts produce instability only when they are present as physical particles. At least on the cosmological background one can observe that if the initial frequency of the metric perturbations is much smaller than the mass of the ghost, no instabilities are present.

scholarly journals A Vacuum of Quantum Gravity That is Ether.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey L. Cherkas ◽  
Vladimir L. Kalashnikov
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Quantum Gravity ◽  
Reference Frame ◽  
Vacuum State ◽  
Quantum Decoherence ◽  
Universe Expansion ◽  
Preferred Reference Frame

The fact that quantum gravity does not admit a co-variant vacuum state has far-reaching consequences for all physics. It points out that space could not be empty, and we return to the notion of an ether . Such a concept requires a preferred reference frame for, e.g., universe expansion and black holes. Here, we intend to discuss vacuum and quantum gravity from three essential viewpoints: universe expansion, black holes existence, and quantum decoherence.

scholarly journals Effective universality in quantum gravity

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Eichhorn ◽  
Peter Labus ◽  
Jan M. Pawlowski ◽  
Manuel Reichert
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Quantum Gravity ◽  
Qualitative Agreement ◽  
Quantitative Agreement ◽  
Quantum Level ◽  
Asymptotic Safety ◽  
Gravity System ◽  
Scalar Gravity

We investigate the asymptotic safety scenario for a scalar-gravity system. This system contains two avatars of the dynamical Newton coupling, a gravitational self-coupling and a scalar-graviton coupling. We uncover an effective universality for the dynamical Newton coupling on the quantum level: its momentum-dependent avatars are in remarkable quantitative agreement in the scaling regime of the UV fixed point. For the background Newton coupling, this effective universality is not present, but qualitative agreement remains.

scholarly journals MINISUPERSPACE MODEL FOR REVISED CANONICAL QUANTUM GRAVITY

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (08) ◽  
pp. 1703-1718 ◽  
Author(s):  
GIOVANNI MONTANI
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Gravity ◽  
Reference Frame ◽  
Quantum Dynamics ◽  
Cosmological Solution ◽  
Canonical Quantization ◽  
Hamiltonian Operator ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
Dust Fluid ◽  
Canonical Quantum Gravity ◽  
Canonical Quantum

We present a reformulation of the canonical quantization of gravity, as referred to the minisuperspace; the new approach is based on fixing a Gaussian (or synchronous) reference frame and then quantizing the system via the reconstruction of a suitable constraint; then the quantum dynamics is re-stated in a generic coordinates system and it becomes dependent on the lapse function. The analysis follows a parallelism with the case of the non-relativistic particle and leads to the minisuperspace implementation of the so-called kinematical action as proposed in Ref. 1 (here almost coinciding also with the approach presented in Ref. 2). The new constraint leads to a Schrödinger equation for the system, i.e. to non-vanishing eigenvalues for the super-Hamiltonian operator; the physical interpretation of this feature relies on the appearance of a "dust fluid" (non-positive definite) energy density, i.e. a kind of "materialization" of the reference frame. As an example of minisuperspace model, we consider a Bianchi type IX Universe, for which some dynamical implications of the revised canonical quantum gravity are discussed. We also show how, on the classical limit, the presence of the dust fluid can have relevant cosmological issues. Finally we upgrade our analysis by its extension to the generic cosmological solution, which is performed in the so-called long-wavelength approximation. In fact, near the Big-Bang, we can neglect the spatial gradients of the dynamical variables and proceed to implement, in each space point, the same minisuperspace paradigm valid for the Bianchi IX model.

scholarly journals ON THE GENERAL COVARIANCE IN BOHMIAN QUANTUM GRAVITY

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2135-2144 ◽  
Author(s):  
FATIMAH SHOJAI ◽  
MEHDI GOLSHANI
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Gravity ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Quantum Corrections ◽  
General Covariance ◽  
Einstein's Equations ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Statistical Level ◽  
Covariance Principle ◽  
The Individual

It is shown explicitly that in the framework of Bohmian quantum gravity, the equations of motion of the space–time metric are Einstein's equations plus some quantum corrections. It is observed that these corrections are not covariant, so that in the framework of Bohmian quantum gravity the general covariance principle breaks down at the individual level. This principle is restored at the statistical level.

scholarly journals Group Field Theory and Its Cosmology in a Matter Reference Frame

Universe ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Gielen
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Quantum Gravity ◽  
Coordinate System ◽  
Reference Frame ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Reference Frames ◽  
Scalar Fields ◽  
General Idea ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Group Field Theory

While the equations of general relativity take the same form in any coordinate system, choosing a suitable set of coordinates is essential in any practical application. This poses a challenge in background-independent quantum gravity, where coordinates are not a priori available and need to be reconstructed from physical degrees of freedom. We review the general idea of coupling free scalar fields to gravity and using these scalars as a “matter reference frame”. The resulting coordinate system is harmonic, i.e., it satisfies the harmonic (de Donder) gauge. We then show how to introduce such matter reference frames in the group field theory approach to quantum gravity, where spacetime is emergent from a “condensate” of fundamental quantum degrees of freedom of geometry, and how to use matter coordinates to extract physics. We review recent results in homogeneous and inhomogeneous cosmology, and give a new application to the case of spherical symmetry. We find tentative evidence that spherically-symmetric group field theory condensates defined in this setting can reproduce the near-horizon geometry of a Schwarzschild black hole.

Practical Realization of a Reference System for Earth Dynamics by Satellite Methods

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 341-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Anderle ◽  
M. C. Tanenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Reference Frame ◽  
Polar Motion ◽  
Pole Position ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Crustal Motion ◽  
Average Reference ◽  
Future Data ◽  
Existing Data

AbstractObservations of artificial earth satellites provide a means of establishing an.origin, orientation, scale and control points for a coordinate system. Neither existing data nor future data are likely to provide significant information on the .001 angle between the axis of angular momentum and axis of rotation. Existing data have provided data to about .01 accuracy on the pole position and to possibly a meter on the origin of the system and for control points. The longitude origin is essentially arbitrary. While these accuracies permit acquisition of useful data on tides and polar motion through dynamio analyses, they are inadequate for determination of crustal motion or significant improvement in polar motion. The limitations arise from gravity, drag and radiation forces on the satellites as well as from instrument errors. Improvements in laser equipment and the launch of the dense LAGEOS satellite in an orbit high enough to suppress significant gravity and drag errors will permit determination of crustal motion and more accurate, higher frequency, polar motion. However, the reference frame for the results is likely to be an average reference frame defined by the observing stations, resulting in significant corrections to be determined for effects of changes in station configuration and data losses.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document