Unification of dark energy and dark matter based on the Petrov classification and space-time symmetry

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (02n03) ◽  
pp. 1641005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Dymnikova
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Cosmological Term ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Dark Fluid ◽  
Time Symmetry ◽  
Stress Energy ◽  
Petrov Classification ◽  
De Sitter Vacuum

The Petrov classification of stress-energy tensors provides a model-independent definition of a vacuum by the algebraic structure of its stress-energy tensor and implies the existence of vacua whose symmetry is reduced as compared with the maximally symmetric de Sitter vacuum associated with the Einstein cosmological term. This allows to describe a vacuum in general setting by dynamical vacuum dark fluid, presented by a variable cosmological term with the reduced symmetry which makes vacuum dark fluid essentially anisotropic and allows it to be evolving and clustering. The relevant regular solutions to the Einstein equations describe regular cosmological models with time-evolving and spatially inhomogeneous vacuum dark energy, and compact vacuum objects generically related to a dark energy through the de Sitter vacuum interior: regular black holes, their remnants and self-gravitating vacuum solitons — which can be responsible for observational effects typically related to a dark matter. The mass of objects with de Sitter interior is generically related to vacuum dark energy and to breaking of space-time symmetry.

Dark ingredients in one drop

Open Physics ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Dymnikova ◽  
Evgeny Galaktionov
Keyword(s):  
Cosmological Term ◽  
Energy Tensor ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Stress Energy Tensor ◽  
Dark Fluid ◽  
Spatially Inhomogeneous ◽  
Stress Energy ◽  
Gravitational Vacuum ◽  
De Sitter Vacuum ◽  
Unified Description

AbstractA unified description of dark ingredients is realized by a vacuum dark fluid defined by symmetry of its stress-energy tensor and allowed by General Relativity. The symmetry is reduced compared with the maximally symmetric de Sitter vacuum, which makes vacuum dark fluid essentially anisotropic and allows its density and pressure to evolve. It represents distributed vacuum dark energy by a time-evolving and spatially inhomogeneous cosmological term, and vacuum dark matter by gravitational vacuum solitons which are regular gravitationally bound structures without horizons (dark particles or dark stars), with the de Sitter centre (Λδki) in de Sitter space (λδki).

scholarly journals SPHERICALLY SYMMETRIC SPACE–TIME WITH REGULAR DE SITTER CENTER

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (06) ◽  
pp. 1015-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
IRINA DYMNIKOVA
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Energy Condition ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Cosmological Term ◽  
Spherically Symmetric ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Sitter Group ◽  
Class Invariant ◽  
Time Symmetry ◽  
De Sitter Vacuum

We formulate the requirements which lead to the existence of a class of globally regular solutions of the minimally coupled GR equations asymptotically de Sitter at the center. The source term for this class, invariant under boosts in the radial direction, is classified as spherically symmetric vacuum with variable density and pressure [Formula: see text] associated with an r-dependent cosmological term [Formula: see text], whose asymptotic at the origin, dictated by the weak energy condition, is the Einstein cosmological term Λgμν, while asymptotic at infinity is de Sitter vacuum with λ < Λ or Minkowski vacuum. For this class of metrics the mass m defined by the standard ADM formula is related to both the de Sitter vacuum trapped at the origin and the breaking of space–time symmetry. In the case of the flat asymptotic, space–time symmetry changes smoothly from the de Sitter group at the center to the Lorentz group at infinity through radial boosts in between. Geometry is asymptotically de Sitter as r → 0 and asymptotically Schwarzschild at large r. In the range of masses m ≥ m crit , the de Sitter–Schwarzschild geometry describes a vacuum nonsingular black hole (ΛBH), and for m < m crit it describes G-lump — a vacuum selfgravitating particle-like structure without horizons. In the case of de Sitter asymptotic at infinity, geometry is asymptotically de Sitter as r → 0 and asymptotically Schwarzschild–de Sitter at large r. Λμν geometry describes, dependently on parameters m and [Formula: see text] and choice of coordinates, a vacuum nonsingular cosmological black hole, self-gravitating particle-like structure at the de Sitter background λgμν, and regular cosmological models with cosmological constant evolving smoothly from Λ to λ.

scholarly journals Graviatoms with de Sitter Interior

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Dymnikova ◽  
Michael Fil’chenkov
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Charged Particle ◽  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Primordial Black Hole ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Fundamental Symmetry ◽  
Gravitational Vacuum ◽  
De Sitter Vacuum

We present a graviatom with de Sitter interior as a new candidate to atomic dark matter generically related to a vacuum dark energy through its de Sitter vacuum interior. It is a gravitationally bound quantum system consisting of a nucleus represented by a regular primordial black hole (RPBH), its remnant or gravitational vacuum soliton G-lump, and a charged particle. We estimate probability of formation of RPBHs and G-lumps in the early Universe and evaluate energy spectrum and electromagnetic radiation of graviatom which can in principle bear information about a fundamental symmetry scale responsible for de Sitter interior and serve as its observational signatures.

scholarly journals Dark Matter Candidates with Dark Energy Interiors Determined by Energy Conditions

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Dymnikova
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Energy Condition ◽  
Phantom Energy ◽  
Weak Energy Condition ◽  
Energy Conditions ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Dynamical Equations ◽  
De Sitter Vacuum ◽  
Observational Signature

We outline the basic properties of regular black holes, their remnants and self-gravitating solitons G-lumps with the de Sitter and phantom interiors, which can be considered as heavy dark matter (DM) candidates generically related to a dark energy (DE). They are specified by the condition T t t = T r r and described by regular solutions of the Kerr-Shild class. Solutions for spinning objects can be obtained from spherical solutions by the Newman-Janis algorithm. Basic feature of all spinning objects is the existence of the equatorial de Sitter vacuum disk in their deep interiors. Energy conditions distinguish two types of their interiors, preserving or violating the weak energy condition dependently on violation or satisfaction of the energy dominance condition for original spherical solutions. For the 2-nd type the weak energy condition is violated and the interior contains the phantom energy confined by an additional de Sitter vacuum surface. For spinning solitons G-lumps a phantom energy is not screened by horizons and influences their observational signatures, providing a source of information about the scale and properties of a phantom energy. Regular BH remnants and G-lumps can form graviatoms binding electrically charged particles. Their observational signature is the electromagnetic radiation with the frequencies depending on the energy scale of the interior de Sitter vacuum within the range available for observations. A nontrivial observational signature of all DM candidates with de Sitter interiors predicted by analysis of dynamical equations is the induced proton decay in an underground detector like IceCUBE, due to non-conservation of baryon and lepton numbers in their GUT scale false vacuum interiors.

Supergravity as the Dark Side of the Universe

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (02n03) ◽  
pp. 2040038
Author(s):  
Sergei V. Ketov
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Dark Matter Particle ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Positive Cosmological Constant ◽  
Starobinsky Model ◽  
Cosmological Inflation ◽  
De Sitter Vacuum ◽  
The Universe

The Dark Side of the Universe, which includes the cosmological inflation in the early Universe, the current dark energy and dark matter, can be theoretically described by supergravity, though it is non-trivial. We recall the arguments pro and contra supersymmetry and supergravity, and define the viable supergravity models describing the Dark Side of the Universe in agreement with all current observations. Our approach to inflation is based on the Starobinsky model, the dark energy is identified with the positive cosmological constant (de Sitter vacuum), and the dark matter particle is given by the lightest superparticle identified with the supermassive gravitino. The key role is played by spontaneous supersymmetry breaking.

scholarly journals Mass in de Sitter and Anti-de Sitter Universes with Regard to Dark Matter

Universe ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Gazeau
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Irreducible Representation ◽  
Flat Space ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Energy Scale ◽  
Unitary Irreducible Representation ◽  
Poincaré Group ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Rest Energy ◽  
Poincare Group

An explanation of the origin of dark matter is suggested in this work. The argument is based on symmetry considerations about the concept of mass. In Wigner’s view, the rest mass and the spin of a free elementary particle in flat space-time are the two invariants that characterize the associated unitary irreducible representation of the Poincaré group. The Poincaré group has two and only two deformations with maximal symmetry. They describe respectively the de Sitter (dS) and anti-de Sitter (AdS) kinematic symmetries. Analogously to their shared flat space-time limit, two invariants, spin and energy scale for de Sitter and rest energy for anti-de Sitter, characterize the unitary irreducible representation associated with dS and AdS elementary systems, respectively. While the dS energy scale is a simple deformation of the Poincaré rest energy and so has a purely mass nature, AdS rest energy is the sum of a purely mass component and a kind of zero-point energy derived from the curvature. An analysis based on recent estimates on the chemical freeze-out temperature marking in Early Universe the phase transition quark–gluon plasma epoch to the hadron epoch supports the guess that dark matter energy might originate from an effective AdS curvature energy.

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