scholarly journals CONFINEMENT IN GAUGE THEORIES FROM THE CONDENSATION OF WORLD SHEET DEFECTS IN LIOUVILLE STRING

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 3761-3788 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN ELLIS ◽  
N. E. MAVROMATOS
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Gauge Theory ◽  
Wilson Loop ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
String Tension ◽  
Magnetic Monopoles ◽  
Target Space ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
World Sheet

We present a Liouville-string approach to confinement in four-dimensional gauge theories, which extends previous approaches to include nonconformal theories. We consider Liouville field theory on world sheets whose boundaries are the Wilson loops of gauge theory, which exhibit vortex and spike defects. We show that world sheet vortex condensation occurs when the Wilson loop is embedded in four target–space–time dimensions, and show that this corresponds to the condensation of gauge magnetic monopoles in target–space. We also show that vortex condensation generates an effective string tension corresponding to the confinement of electric degrees of freedom. The tension is independent of the string length in a gauge theory whose electric coupling varies logarithmically with the length scale. The Liouville field is naturally interpreted as an extra target dimension, with an anti-de-Sitter (AdS) structure induced by recoil effects on the gauge monopoles, interpreted as D branes of the effective string theory. Black holes in the bulk AdS space correspond to world sheet defects, so that phases of the bulk gravitational system correspond to the different world sheet phases, and hence to different phases of the four-dimensional gauge theory. Deconfinement is associated with a Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless transition of vortices on the Wilson-loop world sheet, corresponding in turn to a phase transition of the black holes in the bulk AdS space.

scholarly journals The Volume of the Quiver Vortex Moduli Space

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazutoshi Ohta ◽  
Norisuke Sakai
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Theory ◽  
Moduli Space ◽  
Riemann Surfaces ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Target Space ◽  
Contour Integral ◽  
Quiver Gauge Theory ◽  
Volume Formula ◽  
Volume Operator ◽  
Space Volume

Abstract We study the moduli space volume of BPS vortices in quiver gauge theories on compact Riemann surfaces. The existence of BPS vortices imposes constraints on the quiver gauge theories. We show that the moduli space volume is given by a vev of a suitable cohomological operator (volume operator) in a supersymmetric quiver gauge theory, where BPS equations of the vortices are embedded. In the supersymmetric gauge theory, the moduli space volume is exactly evaluated as a contour integral by using the localization. Graph theory is useful to construct the supersymmetric quiver gauge theory and to derive the volume formula. The contour integral formula of the volume (generalization of the Jeffrey-Kirwan residue formula) leads to the Bradlow bounds (upper bounds on the vorticity by the area of the Riemann surface divided by the intrinsic size of the vortex). We give some examples of various quiver gauge theories and discuss properties of the moduli space volume in these theories. Our formula are applied to the volume of the vortex moduli space in the gauged non-linear sigma model with CPN target space, which is obtained by a strong coupling limit of a parent quiver gauge theory. We also discuss a non-Abelian generalization of the quiver gauge theory and “Abelianization” of the volume formula.

scholarly journals THE STRUCTURE OF ADS BLACK HOLES AND CHERN–SIMONS THEORY IN 2 + 1 DIMENSIONS

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 505-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHARMANTHIE FERNANDO ◽  
FREYDOON MANSOURI
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Gauge Theory ◽  
Excited States ◽  
Simons Theory ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Sitter Group ◽  
Ads Black Holes ◽  
Chern Simons ◽  
Chern Simons Theory

We study anti-de Sitter black holes in 2 + 1 dimensions in terms of Chern–Simons gauge theory of the anti-de Sitter group coupled to a source. Taking the source to be an anti-de Sitter state specified by its Casimir invariants, we show how all the relevant features of the black hole are accounted for. The requirement that the source be a unitary representation leads to a discrete tower of excited states which provide a microscopic model for the black hole.

scholarly journals On the black holes in alternative theories of gravity: The case of nonlinear massive gravity

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (03) ◽  
pp. 1550022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Arraut
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Massive Gravity ◽  
Alternative Theories Of Gravity ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Theories Of Gravity ◽  
Bound Orbits ◽  
Black Hole Temperature ◽  
Alternative Theories

I derive general conditions in order to explain the origin of the Vainshtein radius inside dRGT. The set of equations, which I have called "Vainshtein" conditions are extremal conditions of the dynamical metric (gμν) containing all the degrees of freedom of the theory. The Vainshtein conditions are able to explain the coincidence between the Vainshtein radius in dRGT and the scale [Formula: see text], obtained naturally from the Schwarzschild de-Sitter (S-dS) space inside general relativity (GR). In GR, this scale was interpreted as the maximum distance in order to get bound orbits. The same scale corresponds to the static observer position if we want to define the black hole temperature in an asymptotically de-Sitter space. In dRGT, the scale marks a limit after which the extra degrees of freedom of the theory become relevant.

ON THE WESS-ZUMINO TERM FOR A GENERAL ANOMALOUS GAUGE THEORY WITH SECOND CLASS CONSTRAINTS

1990 ◽  
Vol 05 (06) ◽  
pp. 1123-1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. WOTZASEK
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Theory ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Vector Boson ◽  
Boson Field ◽  
Massive Vector ◽  
Schwinger Model ◽  
Working Out

We proposed an algorithm to modify anomalous gauge theories by inserting new degrees of freedom in the system which transforms the constraints from second to first class. We illustrate this technique working out the cases of a massive vector boson field and the chiral Schwinger model.

scholarly journals Horizons 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (14) ◽  
pp. 2043006 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Grumiller ◽  
M. M. Sheikh-Jabbari ◽  
C. Zwikel
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Physical Effects

Horizons of black holes or cosmologies are peculiar loci of spacetime, where interesting physical effects take place, some of which are probed by recent (EHT and LIGO) and future experiments (ET and LISA). We discuss that there are boundary degrees of freedom residing at the horizon. We describe their symmetries and their interactions with gravitational waves. This fits into a larger picture of boundary plus bulk degrees of freedom and their interactions in gauge theories. Existence and dynamics of the near horizon degrees of freedom could be crucial to address fundamental questions and apparent paradoxes in black holes physics.

scholarly journals THE BERRY PHASE AND MONOPOLES IN NON-ABELIAN GAUGE THEORIES

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 157-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. V. GUBAREV ◽  
V. I. ZAKHAROV
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Theory ◽  
Wilson Loop ◽  
Continuum Limit ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Berry Phase ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
Abelian Gauge ◽  
Dynamical Phase ◽  
Physical Consequences ◽  
The Continuum

We consider the quantum mechanical notion of the geometrical (Berry) phase in SU(2) gauge theory, both in the continuum and on the lattice. It is shown that in the coherent state basis eigenvalues of the Wilson loop operator naturally decompose into the geometrical and dynamical phase factors. Moreover, for each Wilson loop there is a unique choice of U(1) gauge rotations which do not change the value of the Berry phase. Determining this U(1) locally in terms of infinitesimal Wilson loops we define monopole-like defects and study their properties in numerical simulations on the lattice. The construction is gauge dependent, as is common for all known definitions of monopoles. We argue that for physical applications the use of the Lorentz gauge is most appropriate. And, indeed, the constructed monopoles have the correct continuum limit in this gauge. Physical consequences are briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Revisiting the multi-monopole point of SU(N) $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 gauge theory in four dimensions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric D’Hoker ◽  
Thomas T. Dumitrescu ◽  
Efrat Gerchkovitz ◽  
Emily Nardoni
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Theory ◽  
Supersymmetry Breaking ◽  
Integrable Systems ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Magnetic Monopoles ◽  
Coulomb Branch ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Broad Agreement ◽  
Exact Agreement ◽  
Soft Supersymmetry Breaking

Abstract Motivated by applications to soft supersymmetry breaking, we revisit the expansion of the Seiberg-Witten solution around the multi-monopole point on the Coulomb branch of pure SU(N) $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 2 gauge theory in four dimensions. At this point N − 1 mutually local magnetic monopoles become massless simultaneously, and in a suitable duality frame the gauge couplings logarithmically run to zero. We explicitly calculate the leading threshold corrections to this logarithmic running from the Seiberg-Witten solution by adapting a method previously introduced by D’Hoker and Phong. We compare our computation to existing results in the literature; this includes results specific to SU(2) and SU(3) gauge theories, the large-N results of Douglas and Shenker, as well as results obtained by appealing to integrable systems or topological strings. We find broad agreement, while also clarifying some lingering inconsistencies. Finally, we explicitly extend the results of Douglas and Shenker to finite N , finding exact agreement with our first calculation.

scholarly journals Review of lattice supersymmetry and gauge-gravity duality

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (27) ◽  
pp. 1530054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anosh Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Gauge Theory ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Strongly Coupled ◽  
The Status ◽  
Gauge Gravity ◽  
Gravity Duality ◽  
Insight Into

We review the status of recent investigations on validating the gauge-gravity duality conjecture through numerical simulations of strongly coupled maximally supersymmetric thermal gauge theories. In the simplest setting, the gauge-gravity duality connects systems of D0-branes and black hole geometries at finite temperature to maximally supersymmetric gauged quantum mechanics at the same temperature. Recent simulations show that nonperturbative gauge theory results give excellent agreement with the quantum gravity predictions, thus proving strong evidence for the validity of the duality conjecture and more insight into quantum black holes and gravity.

D3/D5 SYSTEM AND HOLOGRAPHIC INTERFACE CFT

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 159-160
Author(s):  
KOICHI NAGASAKI ◽  
SATOSHI YAMAGUCHI
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Theory ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Test Particle ◽  
Wilson Loop ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
The Other ◽  
Expectation Value ◽  
Fundamental String ◽  
Theory Result ◽  
Supersymmetric Gauge

We consider two [Formula: see text] supersymmetric gauge theories connected by an interface and the gravity dual of this system. This interface is expressed by a fuzzy funnel solution of Nahmfs equation in the gauge theory side. The gravity dual is a probe D5-brane in AdS5 × S5. The potential energy between this interface and a test particle is calculated in both the gauge theory side and the gravity side by the expectation value of a Wilson loop. In the gauge theory it is evaluated by just substituting the classical solution to the Wilson loop. On the other hand it is done by the on-shell action of the fundamental string stretched between the AdS boundary and the D5-brane in the gravity. We show the gauge theory result and the gravity one agree with each other.

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