scholarly journals PHASE TRANSITIONS IN SOCIAL SCIENCES: TWO-POPULATION MEAN FIELD THEORY

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 2199-2212 ◽  
Author(s):  
PIERLUIGI CONTUCCI ◽  
IGNACIO GALLO ◽  
GIULIA MENCONI
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Mean Field Theory ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Mean Field ◽  
Critical Threshold ◽  
Cultural Interaction ◽  
Mechanics Model ◽  
Average Magnetization ◽  
The Social ◽  
Two Populations

A new mean field statistical mechanics model of two interacting groups of spins is introduced, and the phase transition is studied in terms of their relative size. A jump of the average magnetization is found for large values of the mutual interaction when the relative percentage of the two populations crosses a critical threshold. It is shown how the critical percentage depends on internal interactions and on the initial magnetizations. The model is interpreted as a prototype of resident-immigrant cultural interaction, and conclusions from the social sciences perspectives are drawn.

scholarly journals Modeling and Simulation of Synchronous Threshold in Vent Collective Behavior

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaofeng Zhang ◽  
Renbin Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Collective Behavior ◽  
Mean Field Theory ◽  
Mean Field ◽  
Mathematic Model ◽  
Homogeneous Group ◽  
The Social ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Global Coupling ◽  
Local Coupling

With the strengthening of the social contradiction, the outbreak of vent collective behavior tends to be frequent. The essence of vent collective behavior is emergence of synchronization. In order to explore the threshold of consensus synchronization in vent collective behavior, a mathematic model and a corresponding simulation model based on multi-agent are proposed. The results of analysis by mean field theory and simulation experiments show the following. (1) There is a thresholdKcfor consensus synchronization in global-coupling and homogeneous group, and when the system parameterKis greater thanKc, consensus synchronization emerge. Otherwise the system cannot achieve synchronization. The conclusion is verified by further study of multiagent simulation. (2) Compared with the global-coupling situation, the process of synchronization is delayed in local-coupling and homogeneous group. (3) For local-coupling and heterogeneous group, consensus dissemination can achieve synchronization only when the effects of the parameters meet the threshold requirements of consensus synchronization.

scholarly journals Subject specialties as interdisciplinary trading grounds: The case of the social sciences and humanities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Eykens ◽  
Raf Guns ◽  
Raf Vanderstraeten
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Cognitive Diversity ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Disciplinary Diversity ◽  
Document Level

In this study we explore the disciplinary diversity present within subject specialties in the social sciences and humanities. Subject specialties are operationalized as textually coherent clusters of documents. We apply topic modelling to textual information on the individual document level (titles and abstracts) to cluster a multilingual set of roughly 45,000 documents into subject specialties. The dataset includes the metadata of journal articles, conference proceedings, book chapters, and monographs. We make use of two indicators, namely, the organizational affiliation based on the departmental address of the authors and the cognitive orientation based on the disciplinary classifications at the publication level. First, we study the disciplinary diversity of the clusters by calculating a Hill-type diversity index. We draw an overall picture of the distribution of subject specialties over diversity scores and contrast the two indicators with each other. The goal is to discover whether some subject specialties are inherently multi- or interdisciplinary in nature, and whether the different indicators are telling a well-aligned, similar story. Second, for each cluster of documents we calculate the dominance, i.e. the relative size of the largest discipline. This proxy of disciplinary concentration gives an idea of the extent to which a specialty is disciplined. The results show that all subject specialties analyzed serve as interdisciplinary trading grounds, with outliers in both directions of the disciplinary-interdisciplinary continuum. For a large share of specialties, the dominant cognitive and organizational disciplinary classification were found to be well aligned. We present a typology of subject specialties by contrasting the organizational and cognitive diversity scores.

Epidemic Spreading with Feedback Mechanism and Time Delay under Migration in Scale-Free Networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 378 ◽  
pp. 655-661
Author(s):  
Tao Li ◽  
Yuan Mei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Time Delay ◽  
Mean Field Theory ◽  
Mean Field ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Critical Threshold ◽  
Epidemic Spreading ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Epidemic Dynamics ◽  
Scale Free Networks ◽  
The Mean

Taking into account the heterogeneity of the underlying networks, an epidemic model with feedback-mechanism, time delay and migrations of individuals on scale-free networks is presented. First, the epidemic dynamics is analyzed via the mean field theory. The spreading critical threshold and equilibriums are derived. The existence of endemic equilibrium is determined by the spreading threshold. Then, the influences of feedback-mechanism, time delay, migrations of individuals and the heterogeneity of the scale-free networks on the spreading threshold and the epidemic steady-state are studied in detail. Numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the results with the theoretical analysis.

EPIDEMICS OF SIRS MODEL WITH NONUNIFORM TRANSMISSION ON SCALE-FREE NETWORKS

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (09) ◽  
pp. 2203-2213 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Y. XIA ◽  
S. W. SUN ◽  
Z. X. LIU ◽  
Z. Q. CHEN ◽  
Z. Z. YUAN
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Mean Field Theory ◽  
Mean Field ◽  
Critical Threshold ◽  
Epidemic Threshold ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Sirs Epidemic Model ◽  
Sirs Model ◽  
Scale Free Networks ◽  
The Mean

We investigate the effect of nonuniform transmission on the critical threshold of susceptible–infected–recovered–susceptible (SIRS) epidemic model on scale-free networks. Based on the mean-field theory, it is observed that the epidemic threshold is not only correlated with the topology of underlying networks, but also with the disease transmission mechanism (e.g., nonuniform transmission). The current findings will significantly help us to further understand the real epidemics taking place on social and technological networks.

What Can We Learn From Factorial Surveys About Human Behavior?

Methodology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Knut Petzold ◽  
Tobias Wolbring
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Actual Behavior ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Factorial Survey ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Intended Behavior ◽  
The Social ◽  
Survey Experiments ◽  
High Level

Abstract. Factorial survey experiments are increasingly used in the social sciences to investigate behavioral intentions. The measurement of self-reported behavioral intentions with factorial survey experiments frequently assumes that the determinants of intended behavior affect actual behavior in a similar way. We critically investigate this fundamental assumption using the misdirected email technique. Student participants of a survey were randomly assigned to a field experiment or a survey experiment. The email informs the recipient about the reception of a scholarship with varying stakes (full-time vs. book) and recipient’s names (German vs. Arabic). In the survey experiment, respondents saw an image of the same email. This validation design ensured a high level of correspondence between units, settings, and treatments across both studies. Results reveal that while the frequencies of self-reported intentions and actual behavior deviate, treatments show similar relative effects. Hence, although further research on this topic is needed, this study suggests that determinants of behavior might be inferred from behavioral intentions measured with survey experiments.

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