DETECTING GRAVITATIONAL WAVES AND THEIR ELECTROMAGNETIC COUNTERPARTS

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1883-1890
Author(s):  
LINQING WEN
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Graphics Processing Units ◽  
Hardware Acceleration ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Graphics Processing

In the next decade, we expect a first detection of gravitational waves predicted by Einstein's general theory of relativity. A detection of their electromagnetic counterparts will significantly contribute to our confidence in a first time detection and identification of the source. We discuss the challenges in using gravitational-wave events as triggers for prompt follow-up electromagnetic observations. We demonstrate that wide-field cameras are desirable for follow-up observations of gravitational wave sources and that a larger gravitational wave detector network, e.g. adding AIGO detector in Australia, can significantly help pinpoint the direction of gravitational wave sources. We also argue that low-latency real-time detection methods and hardware acceleration using graphics processing units will help generate prompt gravitational-wave triggers within the time frames allowed for electromagnetic follow-ups in the era of advanced detectors.

EARLY DETECTION AND LOCALIZATION OF GRAVITATIONAL WAVES FROM COMPACT BINARY COALESCENCES

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1360011 ◽  
Author(s):  
LINQING WEN ◽  
QI CHU
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Star ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Compact Binary ◽  
Black Hole Binary ◽  
Star Binary ◽  
Detection And Localization

With the first detection of gravitational waves expected in the next decade, increasing efforts are made toward the electromagnetic follow-up observations of gravitational wave events. In this paper, I discuss the prospect of real-time detection and source localization for gravitational waves from neutron star–neutron star binary or neutron star–black hole binary coalescences before their merger. I show that several low-latency search pipelines are already under intensive development with the aim to provide real-time detections of these events. There will also be fast responding and/or wide-field electromagnetic telescopes available to help catch the electromagnetic or particle flashes possibly occurring during or immediately after their merger. It has been shown that a few coalescence events per year can be detected by advanced LIGO-VIRGO detector network tens of seconds before their merger. However, most of these events will have poor sky direction localization for the existing gravitational-wave detector network, making it extremely challenging for follow up observations by astronomical telescopes aiming at catching events around the merger time. A larger detector network including the planned detectors in Japan and in India will play an important role in improving the angular resolution and making prompt follow up observations much more realistic. A new detector at the Southern Hemisphere AIGO will further contribute significantly to this aspect.

scholarly journals Processing GOTO data with the Rubin Observatory LSST Science Pipelines I: Production of coadded frames

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Mullaney ◽  
L. Makrygianni ◽  
V. Dhillon ◽  
S. Littlefair ◽  
K. Ackley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Data Production ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
Further Development ◽  
High Cadence

Abstract The past few decades have seen the burgeoning of wide-field, high-cadence surveys, the most formidable of which will be the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) to be conducted by the Vera C. Rubin Observatory. So new is the field of systematic time-domain survey astronomy; however, that major scientific insights will continue to be obtained using smaller, more flexible systems than the LSST. One such example is the Gravitational-wave Optical Transient Observer (GOTO) whose primary science objective is the optical follow-up of gravitational wave events. The amount and rate of data production by GOTO and other wide-area, high-cadence surveys presents a significant challenge to data processing pipelines which need to operate in near-real time to fully exploit the time domain. In this study, we adapt the Rubin Observatory LSST Science Pipelines to process GOTO data, thereby exploring the feasibility of using this ‘off-the-shelf’ pipeline to process data from other wide-area, high-cadence surveys. In this paper, we describe how we use the LSST Science Pipelines to process raw GOTO frames to ultimately produce calibrated coadded images and photometric source catalogues. After comparing the measured astrometry and photometry to those of matched sources from PanSTARRS DR1, we find that measured source positions are typically accurate to subpixel levels, and that measured L-band photometries are accurate to $\sim50$ mmag at $m_L\sim16$ and $\sim200$ mmag at $m_L\sim18$ . These values compare favourably to those obtained using GOTO’s primary, in-house pipeline, gotophoto, in spite of both pipelines having undergone further development and improvement beyond the implementations used in this study. Finally, we release a generic ‘obs package’ that others can build upon, should they wish to use the LSST Science Pipelines to process data from other facilities.

scholarly journals ELECTROMAGNETIC COUNTERPARTS OF GRAVITATIONAL WAVE SOURCES: MERGERS OF COMPACT OBJECTS

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (01) ◽  
pp. 1341011 ◽  
Author(s):  
ATISH KAMBLE ◽  
DAVID L. A. KAPLAN
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Compact Objects ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Radio Transients ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Multi Band

Mergers of compact objects are considered prime sources of gravitational waves (GW) and will soon be targets of GW observatories such as the Advanced-LIGO and VIRGO. Finding electromagnetic counterparts of these GW sources will be important to understand their nature. We discuss possible electromagnetic signatures of the mergers. We show that the BH–BH mergers could have luminosities which exceed Eddington luminosity from unity to several orders of magnitude depending on the masses of the merging BHs. As a result these mergers could be explosive, release up to 1051 erg of energy and shine as radio transients. At any given time we expect about a few such transients in the sky at GHz frequencies, which could be detected to be about 300 Mpc. It has also been argued that these radio transients would look alike radio supernovae with comparable detection rates. Multi-band follow-up could, however, distinguish between the mergers and supernovae.

scholarly journals Graphics processing unit implementation of the F-statistic for continuous gravitational wave searches

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liam Dunn ◽  
Patrick Clearwater ◽  
Andrew Melatos ◽  
Karl Wette
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Graphics Processing Units ◽  
Graphics Processing Unit ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Central Processing ◽  
Long Baseline ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Graphics Processing ◽  
Gpu Implementation

Abstract The F-statistic is a detection statistic used widely in searches for continuous gravitational waves with terrestrial, long-baseline interferometers. A new implementation of the F-statistic is presented which accelerates the existing "resampling" algorithm using graphics processing units (GPUs). The new implementation runs between 10 and 100 times faster than the existing implementation on central processing units without sacrificing numerical accuracy. The utility of the GPU implementation is demonstrated on a pilot narrowband search for four newly discovered millisecond pulsars in the globular cluster Omega Centauri using data from the second Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory observing run. The computational cost is 17:2 GPU-hours using the new implementation, compared to 1092 core-hours with the existing implementation.

scholarly journals MadFlow: towards the automation of Monte Carlo simulation on GPU for particle physics processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 03022
Author(s):  
Stefano Carrazza ◽  
Juan Cruz-Martinez ◽  
Marco Rossi ◽  
Marco Zaro
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Graphics Processing Units ◽  
Hardware Acceleration ◽  
Matrix Elements ◽  
Analytic Expressions ◽  
Mc Simulation ◽  
Graphics Processing ◽  
Full Simulation ◽  
New Framework

In this proceedings we present MadFlow, a new framework for the automation of Monte Carlo (MC) simulation on graphics processing units (GPU) for particle physics processes. In order to automate MC simulation for a generic number of processes, we design a program which provides to the user the possibility to simulate custom processes through the Mad-Graph5_aMC@NLO framework. The pipeline includes a first stage where the analytic expressions for matrix elements and phase space are generated and exported in a GPU-like format. The simulation is then performed using the VegasFlow and PDFFlow libraries which deploy automatically the full simulation on systems with different hardware acceleration capabilities, such as multi-threading CPU, single-GPU and multi-GPU setups. We show some preliminary results for leading-order simulations on different hardware configurations.

scholarly journals The progress of gravitational wave detection in China and its further physical application

2021 ◽  
Vol 2083 (2) ◽  
pp. 022046
Author(s):  
Zihan Liu ◽  
Hao Shen ◽  
Zeyu Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Speed Of Light ◽  
Gravitational Wave Detection ◽  
Wave Detection ◽  
Wave Models ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract Contemporarily, a gravitational wave is one of the most important approaches to gather information from the enormous universe. In short, a gravitational wave is a wave that carries energy, and it is created by the acceleration of massive celestial body propagation with a speed of light. This paper discusses the recent progress of gravitational wave detection in China and clarifies our own opinion on future development. Specifically, a basic description is first presented about the definition and basic knowledge for gravitational wave models and detection methods. Subsequently, this section contains the plan and achievement of the Chinese gravitational wave observatory. Finally, the usages and applications of the gravitational wave to help to detect more phenomena in the universe are demonstrated. These results shed light on a clearer picture of gravitational waves, which may offer a better understanding of the background, principle of detection, and the uses of gravitational waves, i.e., emphasizes its importance in modern astrophysics scientific researches.

scholarly journals Spectroscopy of candidate electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational wave sources

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (S324) ◽  
pp. 283-286
Author(s):  
Iain A. Steele ◽  
Chris M. Copperwheat ◽  
Andrzej S. Piascik
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Solar System Objects ◽  
Multi Wavelength ◽  
Binary Mergers ◽  
Black Hole Binary ◽  
Field Imaging ◽  
Wide Field Imaging

AbstractA programme of worldwide, multi-wavelength electromagnetic follow-up of sources detected by gravitational wave detectors is in place. Following the discovery of GW150914 and GW151226, wide field imaging of their sky localisations identified a number of candidate optical counterparts which were then spectrally classified. The majority of candidates were found to be supernovae at redshift ranges similar to the GW events and were thereby ruled out as a genuine counterpart. Other candidates ruled out include AGN and Solar System objects. Given the GW sources were black hole binary mergers, the lack of an identified electromagnetic counterpart is not surprising. However the observations show that it is possible to organise and execute a campaign that can eliminate the majority of potential counterparts. Finally we note the existence of a “classification gap” with a significant fraction of candidates going unclassified.

scholarly journals A GPU-accelerated image reduction pipeline

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masafumi Niwano ◽  
Katsuhiro L Murata ◽  
Ryo Adachi ◽  
Sili Wang ◽  
Yutaro Tachibana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Graphics Processing Units ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Emission Measure ◽  
Robotic Telescope ◽  
Graphics Processing ◽  
High Speed Image Processing ◽  
Python Package ◽  
Telescope System

Abstract We developed a high-speed image reduction pipeline using Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) as hardware accelerators. Astronomers desire to detect the emission measure counterpart of gravitational-wave sources as soon as possible and to share in the systematic follow-up observation. Therefore, high-speed image processing is important. We developed a new image-reduction pipeline for our robotic telescope system, which uses a GPU via the Python package CuPy for high-speed image processing. As a result, the new pipeline has increased in processing speed by more than 40 times compared with the current one, while maintaining the same functions.

scholarly journals Gravitational Waves and Time-Domain Astronomy

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (S285) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Centrella ◽  
Samaya Nissanke ◽  
Roy Williams
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Massive Black Hole ◽  
Compact Binary ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Binary Mergers

AbstractThe gravitational-wave window onto the universe will open in roughly five years, when Advanced LIGO and Virgo achieve the first detections of high-frequency gravitational waves, most likely coming from compact binary mergers. Electromagnetic follow-up of these triggers, using radio, optical, and high energy telescopes, promises exciting opportunities in multi-messenger time-domain astronomy. In the decade, space-based observations of low-frequency gravitational waves from massive black hole mergers, and their electromagnetic counterparts, will open up further vistas for discovery. This two-part workshop featured brief presentations and stimulating discussions on the challenges and opportunities presented by gravitational-wave astronomy. Highlights from the workshop, with the emphasis on strategies for electromagnetic follow-up, are presented in this report.

scholarly journals Gravitational Wave Speed: Undefined. Experiments Proposed

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e25606
Author(s):  
Daniel Russell
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Gravitational Collapse ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Wave Speed ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Optical Observations ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Theoretical Results

Since changes in all 4 dimensions of spacetime are components of displacement for gravitational waves, a theoretical result is presented that their speed is undefined, and that the Theory of Relativity is not reliable to predict their speed. Astrophysical experiments are proposed with objectives to directly measure gravitational wave speed, and to verify these theoretical results. From the circumference of two merging black hole's final orbit, it is proposed to make an estimate of a total duration of the last ten orbits, before gravitational collapse, for comparison with durations of reported gravitational wave signals. It is proposed to open a new field of engineering of spacetime wave modulation with an objective of faster and better data transmission and communication through the Earth, the Sun, and deep space. If experiments verify that gravitational waves have infinite speed, it is concluded that a catastrophic gravitational collapse, such as a merger of quasars, today, would re-define the geometry and curvature of spacetime on Earth, instantly, without optical observations of this merger visible, until billions of years in the future.

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