PHOTODETACHMENT ofH- NEAR A SOFT WALL

2007 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 353-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUANGCAN YANG ◽  
YIZHUANG ZHENG ◽  
XIANXING CHI
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Analytical Formula ◽  
Electronic Energy ◽  
Sinusoidal Oscillation ◽  
Soft Wall ◽  
The Cross

We investigate the photodetachment of H - near an inelastic interface semiclassically. It is found that the inelasticity of an interface has significant influence on the photodetachment process. We have derived an analytical formula of the cross section of photodetachment. The spectrum of photodetachment consists of a smooth background and a sinusoidal oscillation whose frequency depends on the electronic energy, the reflection of the wall and the distance between the ion and the wall.

scholarly journals Flexural Behaviour of Lightweight Foamed Concrete Beams Reinforced with GFRP Bars

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhad M Abd ◽  
Dhamyaa Ghalib
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Analytical Formula ◽  
Analytical Equation ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Concentrated Load ◽  
Section Shape ◽  
Foamed Concrete ◽  
Show Difference ◽  
The Cross

A three meter-length cantilever beam loaded with a concentrated load at its free end is studied to determine shear stresses. In the present study, three cross sections are considered: rectangle (R); I, and T. The study presents a comparison of maximum shear stresses obtained by means of two methods: classical analytical equation derived by Collingnon, and finite element method (FEM) software. Software programs ANSYS and SAP2000 were used. The results show difference between the maximum shear stresses obtained by the analytical equation and the software, being the last is always higher. The average differences for ANSYS and SAP2000, independently of the cross section, were 12.76% and 11.96%, respectively. Considering these differences, correction factors were proposed to the classical analytical formula for each cross section case to obtain more realistic results. After the correction, the average differences decrease to 1.48% and 4.86%, regardless of the cross section shape.

scholarly journals Full changing of the load-bearing wall of the bunker’s building of the coal mine

2020 ◽  
Vol 201 ◽  
pp. 01031
Author(s):  
Grygorii Gasii ◽  
Viacheslav Shushkevych ◽  
Olena Hasii ◽  
Oleksandr Telichenko
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Climatic Zone ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Additional Problem ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Conditions Of Work

The main and very painful problem of the usages division of enterprises in Ukraine is the running roofing of buildings. Regrettably, in the climatic zone of Ukraine, all buildings, except the influence of the water, are subjected to the more significant influence of the variable cycles “freeze-unfreeze”. At first, the distractions due to “freeze-unfreeze” cycles are of the form of make-up defects. However, since the time this brings about such an essential reduction of the cross-section of the wall that appears threat partial or full loss carrying abilities of the wall. An additional problem turns out to be else and that circumstance that very often such buildings can not be stopped from usage for the realization of the repair. To such buildings, for instance, can be ranked the bunker’s building of the “Oktiabrska” mines (Ukraine), which is the high-altitude building with very heavy conditions of work. The carrying walls from the silicate brick very vulnerable to moistening and following cycles of the “freeze-unfreeze”. All this has brought about essential destruction of the carrying wall and threat of the full destruction of the building. The technique of the reconstruction in like events can be extremely varied. The method of the full changing of the carrying wall of the bunker’s building is offered, which does not require stops the production.

scholarly journals Influence of cross-section and number of use in cyclic fatigue resistance of rotary instruments

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. e191208
Author(s):  
Luís César Brisighello ◽  
George Táccio de Miranda Candeiro ◽  
Luiza Riomar Paz ◽  
Hermano Camelo Paiva ◽  
Giulio Gavini
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Fatigue Resistance ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Cyclic Fatigue ◽  
Curvature Radius ◽  
Rotary Instruments ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Number Of Cycles ◽  
Electric Engine

Aim: The aim of present study was to evaluate if the cross-section and the number of use have influence in cyclic fatigue resistance of rotary files. Methods: K3 Endo (group K) and EndoSequence (group E) files, 25/.04, 25 mm, were subdivided into 3 subgroups (n=12) according to the number of uses, 1, 3 and 5 uses, totalizing 72 files. The files were submitted to dynamic assays device moved by an electric engine, using 300 rpm of speed that permitted the reproduction of pecking motion. The files run within a temperate steel ring’s groove, simulating an instrumentation of a curved root canal with 40-degrees and 5-mm of curvature radius. The fracture of file was detected by sensor of device and the time and the number of cycles was acquired. The data were analyzed statistically by two-way ANOVA (p<0.05). Results: There were no statistical significant differences in regard to the number of uses (p>0.05). K3 Endo files showed greater resistance to cyclic fatigue than EndoSequence instruments (p<0.01). Conclusion: It may be concluded that the cross-section of instruments presented significant influence in cyclic fatigue resistance and the number of uses up to 5 times had no influence in cyclic fatigue resistance in both NiTi rotation systems evaluated.

scholarly journals Comparison between Analytical Equation and Numerical Methods for Determining Shear Stress in a Cantilever Beam

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 258
Author(s):  
Imad Al-Qasem ◽  
A. Rasem Hasan ◽  
Mohanad Abdulwahid ◽  
Isaac Galobardes
Keyword(s):  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Analytical Formula ◽  
Analytical Equation ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Concentrated Load ◽  
Section Shape ◽  
Show Difference ◽  
The Cross

A three meter-length cantilever beam loaded with a concentrated load at its free end is studied to determine shear stresses. In the present study, three cross sections are considered: rectangle (R); I, and T. The study presents a comparison of maximum shear stresses obtained by means of two methods: classical analytical equation derived by Collingnon, and finite element method (FEM) software. Software programs ANSYS and SAP2000 were used. The results show difference between the maximum shear stresses obtained by the analytical equation and the software, being the last is always higher. The average differences for ANSYS and SAP2000, independently of the cross section, were 12.76% and 11.96%, respectively. Considering these differences, correction factors were proposed to the classical analytical formula for each cross section case to obtain more realistic results. After the correction, the average differences decrease to 1.48% and 4.86%, regardless of the cross section shape.

Photodetachment of H– ion in a nonuniform electric field

2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (8) ◽  
pp. 650-657
Author(s):  
Yi-hao Wang ◽  
De-hua Wang ◽  
Jian-wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Closed Orbit ◽  
Analytical Formula ◽  
Negative Ions ◽  
Nonuniform Electric Field ◽  
Uniform Electric Field ◽  
Closed Orbits ◽  
Photodetachment Cross Section ◽  
The Cross

The photodetachment of H– ions in a nonuniform electric field has been investigated on the basis of closed orbit theory. Firstly, we give a clear physical description of the detached electron's movement in a nonuniform electric field. Then we put forward an analytical formula for calculating the photodetachment cross section of this system. Our study suggests besides the closed orbit previously reported for the photodetachment of H– in a uniform electric field, some additional closed orbits are produced owing to the effect of the nonuniform electric field. Compared with the photodetachment cross section of H– in a uniform electric field, the oscillation in the cross section of our system becomes much more complicated and the cross section exhibits a multiperiodic oscillatory structure. To show the relation between the oscillation in the photodetachment cross section and the detached electron's classical closed orbits clearly, we make a Fourier transformation for the scaled photodetachment cross section of this system. Each peak in the Fourier transformed cross section corresponds to the contribution of one closed orbit. This study provides a new understanding of the photodetachment of negative ions in the presence of a nonuniform electric field.

A New Approach to the Demonstration of Oxidase-Localization Using Tannic Acid Or Catechin

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 698-699
Author(s):  
V. Mizuhira ◽  
Y. Futaesaku
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Elastic Fiber ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Tissue Block ◽  
Active Reaction ◽  
The Cross

Previously we reported that tannic acid is a very effective fixative for proteins including polypeptides. Especially, in the cross section of microtubules, thirteen submits in A-tubule and eleven in B-tubule could be observed very clearly. An elastic fiber could be demonstrated very clearly, as an electron opaque, homogeneous fiber. However, tannic acid did not penetrate into the deep portion of the tissue-block. So we tried Catechin. This shows almost the same chemical natures as that of proteins, as tannic acid. Moreover, we thought that catechin should have two active-reaction sites, one is phenol,and the other is catechole. Catechole site should react with osmium, to make Os- black. Phenol-site should react with peroxidase existing perhydroxide.

Energy Distribution in Electron Beams

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 568-569
Author(s):  
Tamotsu Ohno
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Integral Curve ◽  
Electron Beams ◽  
Electron Gun ◽  
Angular Divergence ◽  
Apparent Increase ◽  
Integral Width ◽  
The Cross

The energy distribution in an electron; beam from an electron gun provided with a biased Wehnelt cylinder was measured by a retarding potential analyser. All the measurements were carried out with a beam of small angular divergence (<3xl0-4 rad) to eliminate the apparent increase of energy width as pointed out by Ichinokawa.The cross section of the beam from a gun with a tungsten hairpin cathode varies as shown in Fig.1a with the bias voltage Vg. The central part of the beam was analysed. An example of the integral curve as well as the energy spectrum is shown in Fig.2. The integral width of the spectrum ΔEi varies with Vg as shown in Fig.1b The width ΔEi is smaller than the Maxwellian width near the cut-off. As |Vg| is decreased, ΔEi increases beyond the Maxwellian width, reaches a maximum and then decreases. Note that the cross section of the beam enlarges with decreasing |Vg|.

Research in the cross-section of community psychology and global climate change: A call for action

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marci Culley ◽  
Holly Angelique ◽  
Courte Voorhees ◽  
Brian John Bishop ◽  
Peta Louise Dzidic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Community Psychology ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
The Cross

Experimental Studies Of Multilayer Glass Structures On Compression, Compression With Bending And Simple Bending

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-30
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Applied Load ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Laminated Glass ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Experimental Values

The work of multilayer glass structures for central and eccentric compression and bending are considered. The substantiation of the chosen research topic is made. The description and features of laminated glass for the structures investigated, their characteristics are presented. The analysis of the results obtained when testing for compression, compression with bending, simple bending of models of columns, beams, samples of laminated glass was made. Overview of the types and nature of destruction of the models are presented, diagrams of material operation are constructed, average values of the resistance of the cross-sections of samples are obtained, the table of destructive loads is generated. The need for development of a set of rules and guidelines for the design of glass structures, including laminated glass, for bearing elements, as well as standards for testing, rules for assessing the strength, stiffness, crack resistance and methods for determining the strength of control samples is emphasized. It is established that the strength properties of glass depend on the type of applied load and vary widely, and significantly lower than the corresponding normative values of the strength of heat-strengthened glass. The effect of the connecting polymeric material and manufacturing technology of laminated glass on the strength of the structure is also shown. The experimental values of the elastic modulus are different in different directions of the cross section and in the direction perpendicular to the glass layers are two times less than along the glass layers.

Seasonality in the Cross-Section of Stock Returns

CFA Digest ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-56
Author(s):  
Kathryn Dixon Jost
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
The Cross
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