From Knowledge-Pools to Activated Networks: A Conceptual Approach to Absorptive-Capacities in a Rural Destination of Azerbaijan

Journal of Information & Knowledge Management ◽

10.1142/s0219649221500192 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 2150019

Author(s):

Arne Schuhbert

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Absorptive Capacity ◽

Knowledge Networks ◽

Structural Determinants ◽

Conceptual Approach ◽

Tourist Destinations ◽

Absorptive Capacities ◽

The Creation ◽

Innovation Knowledge

The conception of tourist destinations as knowledge-creating systems still shows substantial gaps, especially when it comes to destinations in Developing Countries. Building upon a theoretical enhancement of the concept of absorptive-capacity and backed by empirical findings from a rural destination of Azerbaijan, this paper presents a conceptual approach to model the activation of inter-organisational linkages as an ability of individual companies to recognise and valorise product-potentials in their destinations’ ecosystem. Using a triangulated methodology to analyse procedural, cultural and structural determinants for the absorption of innovation-knowledge, potentials for the creation of knowledge-networks are presented from the perspective of the Azerbaijani accommodation business.

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‘Soft Law in a Hard Shell’: India, International Rulemaking and the International Solar Alliance

Transnational Environmental Law ◽

10.1017/s2047102520000400 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-25

Author(s):

Vyoma Jha

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Leadership Role ◽

Soft Law ◽

Legal Form ◽

The Social ◽

Climate Action ◽

Hard Shell ◽

The Creation ◽

State Actors ◽

Political Economy Approach

Abstract This article examines the creation of the International Solar Alliance (ISA), a new international organization led by India and backed primarily by developing countries. Official documents and wide-ranging interviews offer insights into the treaty-making process. Using a political economy approach to the study of international law, the article analyzes politico-legal issues associated with the creation of the ISA. The legal form of the ISA is best described as ‘soft law in a hard shell’: it uses the legal infrastructure of a treaty while relying on the social structure of participating actors for its future implementation. Empirical evidence suggests that three factors explain the treaty structure of the ISA: India's leadership role in the treaty-making process, the early involvement of non-state actors, and the preference of developing countries for legal form. Ultimately, the case illustrates India's shift towards a leadership role in climate change governance, and the steady emergence of non-state actors in driving climate action.

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Technology and Employment in Developing Countries

The Journal of Modern African Studies ◽

10.1017/s0022278x00021923 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 549-564 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

J. W. Garmany

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Optimum Combination ◽

Current Consumption ◽

The Creation ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Choice Of Technology

This article discusses some of the issues involved in the choice of technology in developing countries, especially those in Africa, and the relationship of this to employment and output. The problem is to find an optimum combination of productive resources that comes nearest to satisfying two objectives: the full and economically efficient utilisation of such resources, and the creation of as much surplus as possible over current consumption, thereby making possible new investment and long-term growth.

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Firm’s strategic choices and network knowledge dynamics: how do they affect innovation?

Journal of Knowledge Management ◽

10.1108/jkm-12-2016-0524 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 1-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Jose Antonio Belso-Martinez ◽

Isabel Diez-Vial

Keyword(s):

Absorptive Capacity ◽

Knowledge Networks ◽

Knowledge Network ◽

Strategic Choices ◽

Network Growth ◽

Content Type ◽

Endogenous Factors ◽

The Impact ◽

Innovative Capacity ◽

Over Time

Purpose This paper aims to explain how the evolution of knowledge networks and firms’ strategic choices affect innovation. Endogenous factors associated with a path-dependent evolution of the knowledge network are jointly considered with a firm’s development of international relationships and increasing internal absorptive capacity over time. Design/methodology/approach In a biotech cluster, the authors gathered data on the firms’ characteristics and network relationships by asking about the technological knowledge they received in the cluster in 2007 and 2012 – “roster-recall” method. Estimation results were obtained using moderated regression analysis. Findings Firms that increase their involvement in knowledge networks over time also tend to increase their innovative capacity. However, efforts devoted to building international links or absorptive capacity negatively moderate the impact of network growth on innovation. Practical implications Practitioners have two alternative ways of increasing innovation inside knowledge networks: they can increase their centrality by developing their knowledge network interactions or invest in developing their internal absorptive capacity and new international sources of knowledge. Investing in both of these simultaneously does not seem to improve a firm’s innovative capacity. Originality/value Coupling firms’ strategic options with knowledge network dynamics provide a more complete way of explaining how firms can improve their innovative capacity.

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Creating effective illustrations for pictorial assembly instructions

Information Design Journal ◽

10.1075/idj.15.2.01sch ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 97-109 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Peter Schumacher

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Sri Lanka ◽

Practice Guidelines ◽

Best Practice ◽

Diagnostic Testing ◽

Consumer Products ◽

Common Element ◽

Best Practice Guidelines ◽

Assembly Instructions ◽

The Creation

Pictorial assembly instructions are a common element of many consumer products however there is very little research published about their design, particularly regarding the creation of effective illustrations. This paper reviews published work that offers best practice guidelines for the design of pictorial assembly instructions. The application of the guidelines is discussed in the context of a project to design assembly instructions for a flat pack wheelchair for distribution in developing countries. The paper will present findings from diagnostic testing with users in Sri Lanka.

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Risks of Saturation of Tourist Carrying Capacity Overload in Holiday Destinations (English version)

10.18111/9789284407545 ◽

1983 ◽

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Case Studies ◽

Carrying Capacity ◽

English Version ◽

Tourist Destinations ◽

Area Development

The aims of this study were to identify particular cases where area development has not sufficiently taken into account the carrying capacity, and more generally, to identify saturation and capacity overload problems in tourist destinations. Incorporating a series of specific case studies, the study will recall factors and practices which have produced these situations of saturation or overload, with a view to setting forth a basis for a tourist policy in this area. This study focuses in particular on new or planned tourist destinations in developing countries.

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Strategic Innovation, Knowledge Sharing and Policy Innovation Factors In E-Government in Developing Countries: The Case of Tanzania

Korean Journal of Policy Studies ◽

10.52372/kjps30305 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 91-123

Author(s):

Lupilya Emmanuel Constantine ◽

Park J Hun

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Knowledge Sharing ◽

Government Policy ◽

National Level ◽

Policy Innovation ◽

Think Tank ◽

Government Institutions ◽

Strategic Innovation ◽

Research Alliance ◽

Innovation Knowledge

The existing gap from strategic innovation in e-government knowledge creation has affected the effort to timely develop e-government policy in Tanzania. This paper is an attempt to describe multiple innovations outside the Tanzania that involve developing country collaboration, institutional innovation and resources and their linkages to national e-government-think tank. The central argument of this paper is to find factors for enhancing the development of national e-government policy innovation outside Tanzania. We developed national e-government policy framework to orchestrate local innovation and forge ahead of the e-government policy innovation. To do so, we developed and administered a set of the questionnaire from government and private institutions, entrepreneurship and social network group. Data collections were conducted from July 15 to September 20, 2015. The exploratory factor analysis using SPSS version 22 was employed to analyze data for strategic innovation, knowledge sharing, and e-government policy innovation. Four critical factors were identified as the key driver to the success of national e-government policy innovation: Coordinate knowledge sharing on e-government policies in the nation and international institutions; empower and coordinate e-government-think tank forum locally and nationally; create a technoculture society at local and national level; and Support e-government research alliance & engagement respectively. In additional, three developing countries were used as a reference model to support these findings. Our conclusion shows how national e-government-think tank and research alliance can become a strategic innovation in e-government towards coordinating knowledge sharing within private and government institutions. This can represent as "valuable and intellectual assets" for government institutions' stability and change towards national e-government policy innovation process.

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Cross-border territories development as an indicator of the integration processes effectiveness

Upravlenie ◽

10.26425/2309-3633-2019-4-113-122 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 113-122

Author(s):

I. V. Mishchenko ◽

E. G. Shustova ◽

I. V. Milkina

Keyword(s):

Industrial Clusters ◽

Tourist Destinations ◽

Cross Border ◽

Eurasian Economic Union ◽

Trade Turnover ◽

East Kazakhstan ◽

Integration Effect ◽

Economic Union ◽

The Creation ◽

The Impact

The development of cross-border territories and the impact of integration processes on them has been considered in the article. The creation of the Eurasian Economic Union becomes an impetus for the development of both the member states of the organization and their individual territories. This integration formation is relatively young, but today it creates a common market for the movement of goods, services, labor and capital. That is the cross-border territories, as bridges between countries, which feel the effect of the processes taking place in the common economic space: the trade turnover between the countries increases, as well as the inflow of investment and labor.The study is aimed at identifying the effect of integration processes on the development of two cross – border areas-Altai territory (Russian Federation) and East Kazakhstan region (Republic of Kazakhstan). The analysis showed, that the mutual trade turnover has increased between the countries and these territories; there is a good foundation for the development of cooperation in production. However, other indicators of socio-economic development have a negative trend. The outflow of population from these territories continues. The territories do not attract a significant amount of investment.The measures to increase the attractiveness of the Altai territory and East Kazakhstan region within the Eurasian Economic Union have been offered: strengthening production ties through the creation of industrial clusters; the inclusion of territories in the implementation of the project “economic belt of the silk road”; the use of the natural potential of the territories for the creation and development of joint tourist destinations. The measures proposed in the article will strengthen cooperation between cross-border territories, create favorable conditions for increasing the integration effect in these territories, developing infrastructure and cooperating in the main sectors of the border countries, strengthening financial ties and attracting investment.

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Chilean Public Policies and their Impact on Biotechnology Small and Medium Enterprises

Journal of Evolutionary Studies in Business-JESB ◽

10.1344/jesb2022.1.j103 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 204-237

Author(s):

Isabel Edith Torres Zapata ◽

Omar Vargas Orellana

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Development Process ◽

Small And Medium Enterprises ◽

Public Policies ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Economic Conditions ◽

Positive Externalities ◽

The Creation ◽

Medium Enterprises ◽

Biotechnology Sector

It is difficult to find cases of technology-based Small and Medium Enterprises in developing countries, however Chile has some within the biotechnology sector. How has this been possible? As a consequence of the different public policies and structural economic conditions that allowed their emergence, especially in the 1990s. This study describes the historical conditions and how they have been able to create a sector within the Chilean economy. From the analysis of secondary data the emergence of this type of company within the country is described. This analysis shows the link between structural conditions and appropriate public policies, meaning that these companies did not emerge by chance. Understanding their development process is crucial to promote the creation of more such technology-based Small and Medium Enterprises, as they have many positive externalities and are more globally competitive.

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