DOING BUSINESS IN THE TORRES STRAITS: A STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CULTURE AND THE NATURE OF INDIGENOUS ENTREPRENEURS

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 199-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
DARREN LEE-ROSS ◽  
BENJAMIN MITCHELL
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Capita Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Investment Funds ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Western Theory ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Torres Strait ◽  
Indigenous Entrepreneurs ◽  
The Relationship

This qualitative study focuses on the relationship between culture and entrepreneurship in the Torres Strait Islands. Similar to other countries with a low per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP), aggregate evidence suggests that entrepreneurial activity is commonplace among the indigenous community. Closer investigation revealed this is particularly so for a form known as "marginal" entrepreneurship. Using Hofstede's (1994) model of cultural dimensions linked to key western entrepreneurial traits, a sample of 61 Torres Strait entrepreneurs showed sizable perceptual trait differences compared with western theory. This has implications on the received current wisdom regarding typical values and characteristics of entrepreneurs. It would appear that cultural differences exist between the entrepreneurs of the Torres Straits and others. The implications of this finding have a potentially significant impact on policy and the level and types of investment funds made available for enabling entrepreneurship in the Torres Straits.

Abstract P360: Hypertension Treatment Rates And Health Worker Density: An Analysis Of Worldwide Data

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Vedanthan ◽  
Mondira Ray ◽  
Valentin Fuster ◽  
Ellen Magenheim
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Health Worker ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Hypertension Treatment ◽  
Treatment Rate ◽  
Capita Gross Domestic Product ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Hypertension is the leading global risk for mortality and its prevalence is increasing in many low- and middle-income countries. Hypertension treatment rates are low worldwide, potentially in part due to insufficient human resources. However, the relationship between health worker density and hypertension treatment rates is unknown. Objective: To conduct an econometric analysis of the relationship between health worker density and hypertension treatment rates worldwide. Methods: Hypertension treatment rates were collected from published reports between 1980 and 2010. Data on health worker (physician and nurse) density were obtained from the World Health Organization (WHO). Data for potential confounding variables--per capita gross domestic product, hospital bed density, burden of infectious diseases, land area and urban population--were obtained from WHO and World Bank databases. Potential interaction by per capita gross domestic product was evaluated. Multivariable logistic-logarithmic regression analysis was performed using Stata. Results: Full data were available from 146 countries spanning all World Bank income classification categories. Health worker density was significantly associated with hypertension treatment rate in the unadjusted model (beta = 0.23; p < 0.005). In the fully adjusted model, the association remained positive but was not statistically significant (beta = 0.30; p = 0.078) (Figure). Hypertension treatment rates were more strongly related to physician than nurse density (beta = 0.21 vs 0.08; p = 0.10 vs 0.49). Conclusion: Hypertension treatment rates across the world appear to be related to health worker density, although the relationship does not achieve strict statistical significance. Our results suggest that a 10% increase in health worker density is associated with a 2-3% increase in hypertension treatment rate. Given the global burden of hypertension and other chronic diseases, WHO guidelines for health workforce staffing may need to be reconsidered.

scholarly journals The cubic water Kuznets curve: patterns of urban water consumption and water policy effects

Water Policy ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinjin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Capita Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Curve Patterns ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shaped Pattern

Utilizing panel data collected in 27 countries from 1960 to 2010, we demonstrate that the relationship between per capita urban water consumption and per capita gross domestic product exhibits an N-shaped pattern. Following the environmental Kuznets curve literature, this relationship can be named the cubic water Kuznets curve. We also demonstrate that water policies significantly influence per capita urban water consumption, which implies that appropriate policy interventions might allow developing countries to achieve economic development with less per capita water consumption.

An Analysis of the Effect of e-Government Readiness on Business Climate, Corruption Perception, and the Rate of New Entrepreneurs

2013 ◽  
pp. 234-253
Author(s):  
Deborah Moraes Zouain ◽  
Gustavo De Oliveira Almeida ◽  
Emilia Mathilde Moraes Zouain Sato
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Business Climate ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Corruption Perception ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

This research aims to understand the relationship between e-government, business climate, corruption perception and its impact in the entrepreneurial activity. Data was collected from various databases, for the years 2008, 2010 and 2012, using panel data. The reports used were The Doing Business Report from World Bank, E-Government Survey from the United Nations, Corruption Perception Index by Transparence International and entrepreneurship data from Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. After joining the databases, correlation analysis and panel least squares regressions were performed. The results indicate that when a country is more “e-gov” ready, it may have a more dynamic business sector and less perception of corruption. The probable causes of the relationships are discussed, including suggestions for an integrative approach to allow developing countries to diminish the gap of e-government readiness. Future research to understand the difference of impact of e-government in developed and developing countries are also suggested.

scholarly journals Impact of National Culture on E-Government Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Sushant Kumar ◽  
Kuldeep Baishya ◽  
Naman Sreen ◽  
Pradip H. Sadarangani ◽  
Harsh Vardhan Samalia
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Customer Focus ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Focus Theory ◽  
Government Development

E-government has become a growth engine for government. Despite splendid progress in information and communication technologies, e-government is developing at a slow pace. This study aims to examine the cultural factors responsible for e-government development. Drawing from customer focus theory and cultural theory, the study explores the relationship between the dimensions of national culture and e-government development. The study uses panel data of e-government development and per capita GDP from 2008 to 2018 of 78 countries to examine the relationship. The result shows that cultural dimensions and per capita GDP are significant predictors of e-government development. Per capita GDP, when examined with cultural dimensions, namely power distance, individualism, uncertainty avoidance, and long-term orientation, shows interactive effects on e-government development. This study contributes to the literature of e-government, the customer focus theory, and cultural theory. The paper also presents the practical implications of findings that are relevant to the policymakers and governments.

scholarly journals Using big data to map the relationship between time perspectives and economic outputs

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Y. Olivola ◽  
Helen Susannah Moat ◽  
Tobias Preis
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Search Engine ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Capita Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Time Perspectives ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Recent studies have shown that population-level time perspectives can be approximated using “big data” on search engine queries, and that these indices, in turn, predict the per-capita Gross Domestic Product of countries. Although these findings seem to support Baumard's suggestion that affluence makes people more future-oriented, they also reveal a more complex relationship between time perspectives and economic outputs.

scholarly journals EXPORT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL CULTURE: CASE STUDIES FROM FINLAND AND GERMANY

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
A.B. Ilin ◽  
◽  
Yu.S. Sizova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Business Processes ◽  
Intercultural Sensitivity ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
State Support ◽  
Future Performance ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Entrepreneurial Culture ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Relevance: one of the accumulation key areas of macroeconomic stability — entrepreneurial activity, faced country’s insurmountable difficulties in 2020. Supporting the business sustainability, it is ready to overcome these difficulties only with the participation of the parties concerned. First of all, entrepreneurship support is the authorities responsibity, and it has already come to life in Russia and in other countries of the world. For their future performance, companies will be influenced by the relationship of society to business and by the business participants, such as as founders, owners, employers. It is obvious, that in the conditions of the current coronavirus pandemic some companies face uncertainty, discordance, and they do not accept forced downtime participation in the business processes. Entrepreneurship support, business support institutions, relationship of companies’ entrepreneurial activity and stakeholders formed the conceipt «entrepreneurial culture». The level of its development will depend, on national-cultural characteristics, which will be reflected in the study. Purpose: to highlight the parametric dilemmas of the national entrepreneurial culture, to evaluate their actions as exemplified by Finland and Germany. Methods and methodological apparatus of the study: models of entrepreneurial culture: cultural dimensional characters by G. Hofstede; the development model of intercultural sensitivity by M. Bennett; cultural dimensional characters by F. Trompenaars and C. Hampden-Turner; parametric dilemmas of the national entrepreneurial culture by Yu. S. Sizova and A. B. Ilyin [6]. Main results: the concept of entrepreneurial culture is defined; the models of entrepreneurial culture and the restrictions on their use are noted; authors dilemmas of entrepreneurial culture and their use in Finland and Germany are presented and the features of entrepreneurial culture of these countries are determined. Scientific novelty: for the study of entrepreneurial culture, a complex elements that includes the parametric dilemmas of national entrepreneurial culture as the lack of state support — the attendance of state support was defined: «lack of state support — state suppor existance»; «restrictions for non-resident entrepreneurs — neutrality for non-resident entrepreneurs»; «lack of support institutions — support institutions existence»; «noncompliance to national features in doing business — compliance to national features in doing business»; «lack of the laws supporting entrepreneurial activity — availability of laws supporting entrepreneurial activity»; «lack of business controlling by the supervisory authorities — existence of business controlling by the supervisory authorities»; «adverse business environment — conducive business environment». Practical relevance: the results of the study may be used by enterprises of different levels.

scholarly journals AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ECONOMIC GROWTH AND THE ENVIRONMENT: IN IRAQ FOR THE PERIOD 2000-2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 640-646
Author(s):  
Ali S. Shukr ◽  
Basim H. Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Capita Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Relationship

The research aims to study the most important factors affecting carbon dioxide emissions Co2, through a model. Explanatory variables were used in the model, which are the average per capita gross domestic product (GDP), the square per capita gross domestic product (GDPSQ), per capita energy consumption (CONS), and the POP population for the period 2000-2017 via using  double logarithmic formula  which is more suitable for economic, statistical and econometric  logic in this type of studies, the results of the research showed that all the explanatory variables were statistically significant at the level of 1% and that the model was significant as a whole according to the statistic F and the value of R2=0.99. Economically, we find that the parameter of the average per capita GDP was 0.46 and it came with a positive signal consistent with the methodology of the Environmental Curve Kuznets ECK, the parameter of per capita energy consumption was 0.04, and it came with a negative sign that contradicts the Kuznets methodology,  the reason may belong to the conditions that   affected the country after 2003. The research recommended to go to investing in renewable energy, because it is environmentally friendly, such as sun energy, and to reduce the size of the gas in the sectors emitting to it, such as the transport sector, factories, the extraction sector, and manufacturing industries, in order to preserve the integrity of the environment and the plant and animal wealth it contains ,to a better environment in Iraq.

scholarly journals Cultural Changes and Food Production

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linghui Tang
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Relationship

<p>This paper explores the relationship between work-related values and food production modes. Following cultural materialism theory in anthropology, we hypothesize that the collective programming of mind began when humans adopted different methods to produce food. Using food production data in the 1970s and in the 1990s, we found that per capita production of milk was positively related to Hofstede’s individualism and negatively related to power distance. Meanwhile, the production of fruits and vegetables in the 1970s was directly related to uncertainty avoidance. Similar results were found when applying the GLOBE cultural dimensions in the 1990s although technology development and globalization have weakened the relationship between food production and culture. The policy implications of the findings are discussed within the context of globalization of food industry.</p>

Entrepreneurship and institutions: Does the relationship exist at the regional level in Russia?

2018 ◽  
pp. 92-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Barinova ◽  
S. P. Zemtsov ◽  
Y. V. Tsareva
Keyword(s):  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
Entrepreneurship Development ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
High Investment ◽  
Administrative Procedures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Economic Crimes

Despite many governmental support programs, the entrepreneurship development in Russia is still very uneven. In this article we analyze numerous studies on entrepreneurship and find out that the institutional background in general and in certain regions is very important for the development of entrepreneurship. The risks of doing business, the complexity and duration of administrative procedures, access to capital, regulation and informal community norms are of extreme importance. The aim of this paper is to identify regional institutional factors for the development of small enterprises in Russia. With the help of the proposed econometric model we show that high investment risks and large number of economic crimes are significant deterrents for the entrepreneurial activity in Russia. The banking services’ availability and the proximity of large markets, combined with the human capital concentration, contribute to the entrepreneurship development. The impact of state support turned out to be not significant. We formulate some policy advice for entrepreneurship support in Russia.

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