US2RO: Union of Superpoints to Recognize Objects

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (04) ◽  
pp. 513-537
Author(s):  
Marcel Tiator ◽  
Anna Maria Kerkmann ◽  
Christian Geiger ◽  
Paul Grimm
Keyword(s):  
Imitation Learning ◽  
Network Architectures ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Repetitive Work ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Partition System ◽  
Performance Metric ◽  
Growing Environment ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Near Future

The creation of interactive virtual reality (VR) applications from 3D scanned content usually includes a lot of manual and repetitive work. Our research aim is to develop agents that recognize objects to enhance the creation of interactive VR applications. We trained partition agents in our superpoint growing environment that we extended with an expert function. This expert function solves the sparse reward signal problem of the previous approaches and enables to use a variant of imitation learning and deep reinforcement learning with dense feedback. Additionally, the function allows to calculate a performance metric for the degree of imitation for different partitions. Furthermore, we introduce an environment to optimize the superpoint generation. We trained our agents with 1182 scenes of the ScanNet data set. More specifically, we trained different neural network architectures with 1170 scenes and tested their performance with 12 scenes. Our intermediate results are promising such that our partition system might be able to assist the VR application development from 3D scanned content in near future.

Deep Learning Approaches for Whiteboard Image Quality Enhancement

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
pp. 360-368
Author(s):  
Mekides Assefa Abebe ◽  
Jon Yngve Hardeberg
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Quality Enhancement ◽  
Network Architectures ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Image Quality Enhancement ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
White Balancing

Different whiteboard image degradations highly reduce the legibility of pen-stroke content as well as the overall quality of the images. Consequently, different researchers addressed the problem through different image enhancement techniques. Most of the state-of-the-art approaches applied common image processing techniques such as background foreground segmentation, text extraction, contrast and color enhancements and white balancing. However, such types of conventional enhancement methods are incapable of recovering severely degraded pen-stroke contents and produce artifacts in the presence of complex pen-stroke illustrations. In order to surmount such problems, the authors have proposed a deep learning based solution. They have contributed a new whiteboard image data set and adopted two deep convolutional neural network architectures for whiteboard image quality enhancement applications. Their different evaluations of the trained models demonstrated their superior performances over the conventional methods.

Improving the efficiency and reliability of electric power generation at incineration plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-285
Author(s):  
A. V. Martynov ◽  
N. E. Kutko
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Working Medium ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Working Media ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Efficiency And Reliability

The article deals with the problem of waste disposal and, accordingly, landfills in the Moscow Region, which have now become the number 1 problem for the environment in Moscow and the Moscow Region. To solve this problem, incineration plants (IP) will be established in the near future. 4 plants will be located in the Moscow Region that will be able to eliminate 2800 thousand tons of waste per year. Burning of waste results in formation of slag making 25% of its volume, which has a very high temperature (1300.1500°C). An arrangement is considered, in which slag is sent to a water bath and heats the water to 50.90°C. This temperature is sufficient to evaporate any low-temperature substance (freons, limiting hydrocarbons, etc.), whereupon the steam of the low-temperature working medium is sent to a turbine, which produces additional electricity. The creation of a low-temperature thermal power plant (TPP) increases the reliability of electricity generation at the IP. The operation of low-temperature TPPs due to the heat of slag is very efficient, their efficiency factor being as high as 40.60%. In addition to the efficiency of TPPs, capital costs for the creation of additional devices at the IP are of great importance. Thermal power plants operating on slag are just such additional devices, so it is necessary to minimize the capital costs of their creation. In addition to equipment for the operation of TPPs, it is necessary to have a working medium in an amount determined by calculations. From the wide variety of working media, which are considered in the article, it is necessary to choose the substance with the lowest cost.

scholarly journals Optimizing Physician Handover Through the Creation of a Comprehensive Minimum Data Set

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (sp) ◽  
pp. 102-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niraj Mistry ◽  
Alene Toulany ◽  
John Edmonds ◽  
Anne Matlow
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Data Set ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Minimum Data ◽  
The Creation

Design Trade-Offs Under Power Asymmetry: COPs and Flexibility Clauses

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Jean-Frédéric Morin ◽  
Benjamin Tremblay-Auger ◽  
Claire Peacock
Keyword(s):  
Design Feature ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Environmental Agreements ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Power Asymmetry ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Environmental Agreement ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Insurance Mechanism ◽  
Important Design

Abstract Negotiating parties to an environmental agreement can manage uncertainty by including flexibility clauses, such as escape and withdrawal clauses. This article investigates a type of uncertainty so far overlooked by the literature: the uncertainty generated by the creation of a Conference of the Parties (COP) in a context of sharp power asymmetry. When negotiating an agreement, it is difficult for powerful states to make a credible commitment to weaker states, whereby they will not abuse their power to influence future COP decision-making. Flexibility clauses provide a solution to this credibility issue. They act as an insurance mechanism in case a powerful state hijacks the COP. Thus we expect that the creation of a collective body interacts with the degree of power asymmetry to make flexibility clauses more likely in environmental agreements. To test this argument, we draw on an original data set of several specific clauses in 2,090 environmental agreements, signed between 1945 and 2018. The results support our hypothesis and suggest that flexibility clauses are an important design feature of adaptive environmental agreements.

scholarly journals AUTOMATIC RECONSTRUCTION OF ROOF MODELS FROM BUILDING OUTLINES AND AERIAL IMAGE DATA

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 448-457
Author(s):  
Vojtěch Hron ◽  
Lena Halounová
Keyword(s):  
Image Data ◽  
Aerial Survey ◽  
Aerial Image ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Digital Surface Model ◽  
Multiple Datasets ◽  
Building Models ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Different Levels

The knowledge of roof shapes is essential for the creation of 3D building models. Many experts and researchers use 3D building models for specialized tasks, such as creating noise maps, estimating the solar potential of roof structures, and planning new wireless infrastructures. Our aim is to introduce a technique for automating the creation of topologically correct roof building models using outlines and aerial image data. In this study, we used building footprints and vertical aerial survey photographs. Aerial survey photographs enabled us to produce an orthophoto and a digital surface model of the analysed area. The developed technique made it possible to detect roof edges from the orthophoto and to categorize the edges using spatial relationships and height information derived from the digital surface model. This method allows buildings with complicated shapes to be decomposed into simple parts that can be processed separately. In our study, a roof type and model were determined for each building part and tested with multiple datasets with different levels of quality. Excellent results were achieved for simple and medium complex roofs. Results for very complex roofs were unsatisfactory. For such structures, we propose using multitemporal images because these can lead to significant improvements and a better roof edge detection. The method used in this study was shared with the Czech national mapping agency and could be used for the creation of new 3D modelling products in the near future.

scholarly journals Possible Increase of Vegetation Exposure to Spring Frost under Climate Change in Switzerland

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ondřej Lhotka ◽  
Stefan Brönnimann
Keyword(s):  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Spring Frost ◽  
Frost Risk ◽  
Historical Climate ◽  
Rcp 8.5 ◽  
Swiss Plateau ◽  
Meteorological Observations ◽  
Near Future

We assessed future changes in spring frost risk for the Aare river catchment that comprises the Swiss Plateau, the most important agricultural region of Switzerland. An ensemble of 15 bias-corrected regional climate model (RCM) simulations from the EXAR data set forced by the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 concentration pathways were analysed for two future periods. Correlating actual meteorological observations and Swiss phenological spring index, we proposed and tested an RCM-compatible methodology (based on temperature data only) for estimating a start of spring and severity of frost events. In the historical climate, a significant advancement in start of spring was observed and frost events were more frequent in those years in which spring started sooner. In 2021–2050, spring is projected to start eight (twelve) days earlier, considering the RCP 4.5 (8.5) scenario. Substantial changes were simulated for the 2070–2099 period under RCP 8.5, when the total severity of frost events was projected to be increased by a factor of 2.1 compared to the historical climate. The study revealed the possible future increase of vegetation exposure to spring frost in Switzerland and that this phenomenon is noticeable even in the near future under the ‘low concentration’ RCP 4.5 scenario.

European Free Trade Association

1961 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-204 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
European Economic Community ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Trade Association ◽  
European Free Trade Association ◽  
The Press ◽  
Swiss Confederation ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Tariff Reductions

An important item of discussion during the Autumn months of 1960 among the members of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) was reported to be the question of association with the European Economic Community (EEC), but the press announced in October a “lack of progress” in resolving the problems encountered. The question was said to have been included in the issues taken up at the second ministerial meeting of the Council, held in Berne, Switzerland, on October 11 and 12, 1960. Mr. Max Petitpierre, president of the Swiss Confederation, reportedly stated in an address to the Council that, even if there was little prospect of an agreement between EEC and EFTA in the immediate future, it was imperative that the two organizations work together, not only for commercial and economic reasons, but also because of the mission that Europe was called on to discharge toward the newly independent countries. Since, however, an acceptable settlement with EEC seemed impossible in the near future, the Council determined that EFTA should proceed with its own plans. In pursuance of this decision, the Ministers decided to establish a consultative committee, representative of all aspects of economic activity, including labor, to advise on all facets of the activity of the Association. Also considered at the meeting was the possibility of an additional 10 percent tariff reduction to take effect as of January 1, 1961, to keep pace with the EEC cut scheduled for that date, but the Council concluded that too little time had elapsed since the first 20 percent tariff reductions on July 1, 1960, to make any modification of the timetable feasible at this time; it resolved, nevertheless, to re-examine the question early in 1961. The Ministers noted with satisfaction that the original tariff cuts had gone into operation without difficulty, and reasserted that the object of EFTA was not the creation of an inward-looking preferential bloc—for example, no restrictions on trade with third countries had been introduced with the creation of the group. EFTA offered to all trading nations, whether producers of industrial or agricultural products, stated the Council, the opportunities of an expanding market.

scholarly journals Searching for binary central stars of planetary nebulae with Kepler

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (S283) ◽  
pp. 344-345
Author(s):  
Dimitri Douchin ◽  
George H. Jacoby ◽  
Orsola De Marco ◽  
Steve B. Howell ◽  
Mattias Kronberger
Keyword(s):  
Initial Data ◽  
Light Curve ◽  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Central Star ◽  
Light Curves ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Lunar Cycles ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Central Stars

AbstractThe Kepler Observatory offers unprecedented photometric precision (<1 mmag) and cadence for monitoring the central stars of planetary nebulae, allowing the detection of tiny periodic light curve variations, a possible signature of binarity. With this precision free from the observational gaps dictated by weather and lunar cycles, we are able to detect companions at much larger separations and with much smaller radii than ever before. We have been awarded observing time to obtain light-curves of the central stars of the six confirmed and possible planetary nebulae in the Kepler field, including the newly discovered object Kn 61, at cadences of both 30 min and 1 min. Of these six objects, we could confirm for three a periodic variability consistent with binarity. Two others are variables, but the initial data set presents only weak periodicities. For the central star of Kn 61, Kepler data will be available in the near future.

scholarly journals Forecasting the COVID-19 Outbreak: An Application of Arima and Fuzzy Time Series Models

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Verma ◽  
Mukti Khetan ◽  
Shikha Dwivedi ◽  
Shweta Dixit
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Fuzzy Time Series ◽  
Time Series Models ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Time Series Methodology ◽  
Near Future

Abstract Purpose: The whole world is surfaced with an inordinate challenge of mankind due to COVID-19, caused by 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). After taking hundreds of thousands of lives, millions of people are still in the substantial grasp of this virus. This virus is highly contagious with reproduction number R0, as high as 6.5 worldwide and between 1.5 to 2.6 in India. So, the number of total infections and the number of deaths will get a day-to-day hike until the curve flattens. Under the current circumstances, it becomes inevitable to develop a model, which can anticipate future morbidities, recoveries, and deaths. Methods: We have developed some models based on ARIMA and FUZZY time series methodology for the forecasting of COVID-19 infections, mortalities and recoveries in India and Maharashtra explicitly, which is the most affected state in India, following the COVID-19 statistics till “Lockdown 3.0” (17th May 2020). Results: Both models suggest that there will be an exponential uplift in COVID-19 cases in the near future. We have forecasted the COVID-19 data set for next seven days. The forecasted values are in good agreement with real ones for all six COVID-19 scenarios for Maharashtra and India as a whole as well.Conclusion: The forecasts for the ARIMA and FUZZY time series models will be useful for the policymakers of the health care systems so that the system and the medical personnel can be prepared to combat the pandemic.

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