scholarly journals Measuring the Green Infrastructure Resilience in Turkey

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150014
Author(s):  
KARABAKAN Berfin ◽  
MERT Yelda
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Rapid Population Growth ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Infrastructure Systems ◽  
Local Characteristics ◽  
Spatial Strategies ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Infrastructure Resilience ◽  
Gis Environment

Cities today face significant difficulties and even risks due to the negative effects of climate change, uncontrolled urbanization, and rapid population growth. Many urban scenarios are being developed to mitigate potential risks and threats. One branch of these scenarios is built upon the concept of sustainability, for which the notion of “resilience” is of utmost importance. It is this notion of resilience that was examined in this study, based on the case of socio-ecological system features of Edremit, Van, Turkey. These features were evaluated in terms of changes that will potentially take place, and the analysis for this was performed using the Green Infrastructure Spatial Planning (GISP) method. In this approach, green infrastructure benefit criteria are mapped in the Geographic Information System (GIS) environment and various conclusions are drawn from the evaluation of these maps. The results of the study show that the green infrastructure systems of Edremit play an important role in providing a certain degree of resilience. It was, therefore, revealed as part of this study that measuring and evaluating the resilience properties of different cities is important. Also, urban policies and spatial strategies should be defined considering local characteristics and values as there is no one-size-fits-all solution in this regard.

Processes of import substitution in the market of meat and dairy products in the context of economic policy

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-74
Author(s):  
T.N. Belova ◽  
V.S. Konkina
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
Dairy Markets ◽  
Food Market ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Key Indicators

In article the complex assessment of modern policy of import substitution in the sphere of the agrofood market based on balance of its positive and negative effects is given. According to Rosstat and the Federal Customs Service the complex dynamic analysis of the meat and dairy markets in the context of key indicators — the price, import, export is carried out. Relationships of cause and effect of change of a condition of the food market in connection with introduction of economic sanctions are revealed. The conclusion that the policy of import substitution has to consider the potential risks and threats connected as with the possible accompanying growth of the food prices and deterioration of the food status of the least provided groups of the population, and with technical and technological dependence of domestic agricultural production on a foreign market is drawn. The main directions in which programs of support and stimulation are necessary are formulated.

scholarly journals The Influence of Increased Salvage Felling on Forwarding Distance and the Removal—A Case Study from Croatia

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Andreja Đuka ◽  
Zoran Bumber ◽  
Tomislav Poršinsky ◽  
Ivica Papa ◽  
Tibor Pentek
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Management Unit ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Forest Operations ◽  
Spatial Reference ◽  
Infrastructure Network ◽  
Gis Environment ◽  
Research Period

During the seven-year research period, the average annual removal was by 3274 m3 higher than the average annual removal prescribed by the existing management plan (MP). The main reason lies in the high amount of salvage felling volume at 55,238 m3 (38.3%) in both the main and the intermediate felling due to oak dieback. The analysis of forest accessibility took into account the spatial distribution of cutblocks (with ongoing felling operations) and the volume of felled timber for two proposed factors: (1) the position of the cutblock and (2) the position of the removal. Cutblock position factor took into account the spatial position of the felling areas/sites, while removal position factor besides the spatial reference took into account the amount of felled timber (i.e., volume) both concerning forest infrastructure network and forest operations. The analysed relative forest openness by using geo-processing workflows in GIS environment showed four types of opening areas in the studied management unit (MU): single-opened, multiple-opened, unopened and opened areas outside of the management unit. Negative effects of the piece-volume law and low harvesting densities on forest operations are highlighted in this research due to high amount of salvage felling particularly in the intermediate felling by replacing timber volume that should have come from thinnings.

scholarly journals A review of green roof incentives as motivators for the expansion of green infrastructure in European cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 641-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Burszta-Adamiak ◽  
Wiesław Fiałkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
European Cities

Nowadays green roofs play a key role in alleviating the negative effects of urbanization. Despite investors awareness of the advantages of green roofs, there are still some barriers that hinder investments on a large scale. As a result a financial and non-financial incentives are implemented. The review presented in this paper allowed to identify the most popular initiatives and to formulate recommendations for creating incentive supporting implementation of green roofs in urban areas.

scholarly journals Comparative infrastructural modalities: Examining spatial strategies for Melbourne, Auckland and Vancouver

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 816-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny McArthur
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Spatial Relations ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
Local Planning ◽  
Infrastructure Systems ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Spatial Strategies ◽  
Challenging Environment ◽  
Support Housing ◽  
Political Economic

Infrastructure systems are critical to support sustainable and equitable urbanisation, and infrastructure is becoming more prominent within urban spatial strategies. However, the fragmented governance and delivery of spatial plans and infrastructure projects create a challenging environment to embed planning goals across the planning, delivery and operation of infrastructure systems. There is significant uncertainty around future needs and the complex ways that infrastructures influence socio-spatial relations and political-economic processes. Additionally, fragmented knowledge of infrastructure across different disciplines undermines the development of robust planning strategies. Comparative analysis of strategic spatial plans from Auckland, Melbourne and Vancouver examines how infrastructures are instrumentalised to support planning goals. Across the three cases, the analysis identified four common infrastructural modalities: rescaling socio-spatial relations through targeted intensification, intra-urban mobility upgrades and containment boundaries; re-localising socio-spatial relations to the suburban scale with ‘complete communities’; protection of ‘gateway’ precincts; and local planning provisions to support housing affordability. By examining infrastructure through a theoretical framework for suburban infrastructures, this analysis revealed how infrastructures exert agency as artefacts shaping socio-spatial relations and through the internalisation of political-economic processes. Each modality mobilised infrastructure to support goals of global competitiveness, economic growth and ‘liveability’. Findings suggest that spatial strategies should take a user-focused approach to infrastructure to meet the needs of diverse urban populations, and engage directly with the modes of infrastructure project delivery to embed planning goals across design, delivery and operations stages. Stronger institutional mandates to control land-use and provide affordable housing would improve outcomes in these city-regions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Local Comprehensive Plans to Vacancy Issue in a Growing and Shrinking City

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 4966
Author(s):  
Lee ◽  
Park ◽  
Kim
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
Vacant Land ◽  
Fort Worth ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Comprehensive Plans ◽  
Abandoned Properties ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Shrinking City

Vacant and/or abandoned properties exist in every city regardless of whether they are growing or shrinking, and the properties are not always a bad thing, and all underutilized land does not have to be developed. Some types of vacant land are unused but can be productive. Some may have natural resource value for inhabitants and provide green space such as parks space or green infrastructure. Once a city has too much vacant land, it may reflect a long cycle of depopulation and economic downturn. So, a lot of vacant lots is of concern in shrinking cities to change them into a valued commodity. In contrast, insufficient vacant land might hinder future growth and development. Since the vacant land can be a potential opportunity or threat to spur economic development, it is critical to understand vacancy pattern and its drivers and create appropriate policies for each city. By doing so, it would be possible to find the most effective land supply usage for cities having different characteristics and patterns of vacancy. Therefore, this study compares the pattern primary factors of vacancy of a growing city, Fort Worth and shrinking city, Chicago and evaluate whether each city has established planning policies for reducing negative effects and increasing efficient usages. The findings show that transportation and physical factors are strong determinants of the vacancy in a shrinking city, while socioeconomic conditions tend to influence more powerful on increasing vacant properties in a growing city. Furthermore, the outcomes of plan evaluation indicate that the vacancy pattern and its primary factors are grasped and handled firmly in Fort Worth.

scholarly journals Potential risks related to anabolic steroids use on nervous, cardiovascular and reproductive systems disorders in men

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Kujawska ◽  
Joanna Androsiuk-Perkowska ◽  
Jakub Husejko ◽  
Marcin Kozuchowski ◽  
Daria Bieniek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Biochemical Mechanism ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Amateur Sport ◽  
Thrombotic Complications ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractAnabolic steroids (AS) have been a subject of intensive research for the last several decades. Due to wide use of AS in pharmacological treatment and in professional and amateur sport, it is, hence, worthwhile to describe the biochemical mechanism of the effects of AS usage in humans and its potential health risks. In this work, the relationship between diet and its effect on the level of testosterone in blood is described. Testosterone affects the nervous system, however, there is need for further researches to examine the influence of AS therapy on emotional and cognitive functioning. AS therapy has known negative effects on the cardiovascular system: cardiac hypertrophy can occur, blood pressure can vastly increased, thrombotic complications can come about. These effects are observed not only in patients who are treated with AS, but also in athletes. The paper also describes the relationship between AS and reproductive system diseases. Decreased libido and erectile dysfunction are only some of the many side effects of an incorrect AS treatment.

scholarly journals Experimenting Transition to Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems – Identifying Constraints and Unintended Processes in a Tropical Highly Urbanized Watershed

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Chapa ◽  
María Pérez ◽  
Jochen Hack
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Water System ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Urban Water System ◽  
Local Decision

Green Infrastructure promotes the use of natural functions and processes as potential solutions to reduce negative effects derived from anthropocentric interventions such as urbanization. In cities of Latin America, for example, the need for more nature-sound infrastructure is evident due to its degree of urbanization and degradation of ecosystems, as well as the alteration of the local water cycle. In this study, an experimental approach for implementation of a prototype is presented. The experiment took place in a highly urbanized watershed located in the Metropolitan Area of Costa Rica. Initially, understanding the characteristics of the study area at different scales was achieved by applying the Urban Water System Transition Framework to identify the existing level of development of the urban water infrastructure, and potential future stages. Subsequently, preferences related to spatial locations and technologies were identified from different local decision-makers. Those insights were adopted to identify a potential area for implementation of the prototype. The experiment consisted on an adaptation of the local sewer to act as a temporal reservoir to reduce the effects derived from rapid generation of stormwater runoff. Unexpected events, not considered initially in the design, are reported in this study as a means to identify necessary adaptations of the methodology. Our study shows from an experimental learning-experience that the relation between different actors advocating for such technologies influences the implementation and operation of non-conventional technologies. Furthermore, the perception of security associated to green spaces was found as a key driver to increase the willingness of residents to modify their urban environments. In consequence, those aspects should be carefully considered as factors of designs of engineering elements when they are related to complex socio-ecological urban systems.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document