scholarly journals Association between semen quality among men with different occupational exposures and risk of recurrent spontaneous abortion in island residents

2019 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Wenli Cao ◽  
Xinyao Pan ◽  
Feijun Ye ◽  
Jing Zhou ◽  
Zengshu Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Mechanistic Investigation ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the semen quality of male adults whose spouses suffer from recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) in the island area, and to explore the association between RSA and occupational exposures. Methods: A total of 131 male patients were recruited and divided into two groups: spouse with recurrent spontaneous abortion group (RSA group, [Formula: see text]) and the normal fertility group (control group, [Formula: see text]). Information such as height, weight and occupational exposure history of 131 men were obtained. Semen samples were collected and analyzed. Differences in semen parameters and DNA fragmentation index (DFI) between the two groups were compared. Odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated to evaluate the association between occupational exposures and RSA status. Results: Overall, no significant difference was found in sperm concentration, progressive motility and normal morphology rate between RSA and control groups. Only DFI was observed to be significantly higher in the RSA group. Evaluation of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed DFI (AUC: 0.623, [Formula: see text]) could discriminate between males from the couples with RSA and without RSA. Conclusion: The analysis of conventional semen parameters could not directly reflect their influence on embryonic development, and test of integrity of the sperm DNA is of paramount importance to fully understand male fertility. It is crucial to conduct studies regarding occupational exposures and pregnancy loss and/or RSA risk, since it will provide population-level data to aid in the identification of important risk factors that warrant further mechanistic investigation, and eventually lead to effective prevention and treatment strategies.

scholarly journals 294EFFECTS OF LONG DAYLIGHT ON CAPRINE SCROTAL CIRCUMFERENCE AND SEMEN QUALITY

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
A. Mahmoud ◽  
B. Kouakou ◽  
E. Amoah ◽  
S. Gelaye
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Nonbreeding Season ◽  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Significant Difference

Seasonal variation of the reproductive activity of small ruminants in the southern USA is controlled by photoperiod. We tested the hypothesis that artificial manipulation of photoperiod has an effect on caprine testicular activity and semen quality. The objective of this study was thus to determine the effects of photoperiod on caprine scrotal circumference and semen parameters during the nonbreeding season. Ten Saanen and Alpine bucks, two to three years old, raised at the Small Ruminant Research and Extension Center of Fort Valley State University (latitude 32°37′ N, longitude 83°39′ W), were used in the study. Throughout the study, the bucks were fed a concentrate diet containing 16% crude protein, and 2.7 Mcal/Kg of digestible energy. Two groups of bucks randomly selected were exposed to long daylight (16L:8D; n=5) or ambient daylight (12L:12D, control;; n=5) for a period of three weeks during the month of March. Scrotal circumference measurements and semen collection were conducted on each buck twice a week for a total of five trials. Semen samples were collected using an artificial vagina and an electroejaculator. Samples were immediately transferred to the laboratory for further evaluation. Data were analyzed as a completely randomized design with repeated measures using SAS program (SAS, 1990). When means were significant by ANOVA (P<0.05), they were separated by least significant difference. Results are presented as the least square means±SEM. Long daylight did not affect semen volume (mL), % motility, sperm concentration (billions/mL), % viability, or % abnormality(P>0.05). However, semen motility, sperm concentration, and abnormality were influenced by treatment in trials 3, 1, and 5, respectively (P<0.05). The least square means±SEM values for these parameters were 35±15, 0.58±0.1, and 20.0±3.7 for long daylight-treated bucks v. 87±15, 0.13±0.1, and 7.8±3.7 for the control, respectively. Further, long daylight affected scrotal circumference (P<0.05). Scrotal circumferences were decreased in trials 1, 2, and 5 (P<0.05). Long daylight decreased scrotal circumference without affecting semen quality in this study.

scholarly journals Comparative study on the semen quality characteristics of parthenotes and parent toms reared in Nsukka

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. U. Udeh ◽  
I. J. Ohagenyi ◽  
N. E. Ikeh ◽  
M. O. Onodugo ◽  
V. C. Udeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Cell ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Motile Sperm ◽  
Semen Collection ◽  
Normal Sperm ◽  
Abnormal Sperm ◽  
Significant Difference

The study was conducted to evaluate the semen quality characteristics of turkey parthenotes and parent toms. A total of twenty-four turkeys were used for the study. These comprised of twelve parthenotes toms and twelve parent toms. Parthenotes are male turkeys produced through parthenogenesis. The toms were subjected to abdominal massage techniques for semen collection. Semen collection was done twice per week and analyzed for volume, motility, sperm concentration, like sperm, abnormal sperm, normal sperm, dead sperm, total sperm/ejaculates and total motile sperm cells. The results showed that there were significant differences (p<0.05) in semen volume, sperm concentration, normal sperm cell, abnormal sperm and total motile sperm with mean values being 0.35mL, 1.74x109/mL, 97.80%, 2.20%, 1.68x1012 and 0.41ml, 1.50x109/mL, 94.00%, 6.00% and 1.42x1012, respectively for both parthenotes and parent toms. However, semen parameters such as motility, live sperm cell, dead sperm cell and total sperm/ejaculate showed no significant difference (p>0.05) with values of 96.7%, 97.7%, 2.30% and 6.07x109 for parthenotes toms and 93.20%, 98.50%, 1.50% and 6.23x109 for parent toms. It was observed from the results that turkey parthenotes possess good quality semen characteristic and therefore, recommended for use in poultry industry for turkey production.

scholarly journals Effect of Ivermectin on semen parameters and levels of Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) enzymes in seminal plasma of Iraqi Awassi rams

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Ali. J. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Volume Percentage ◽  
Semen Collection

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Ivermectin on semen quality and estimation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in seminal plasma. Six mature Awassi rams aged 2-3 years and weighing 38-42 Kg were used in this study. Semen collection was done weekly for five weeks from the same ram. The first two collection considered as training for the animal and discarded, the second two collection were considers for the control group. After administration of the drug (Ivermectin), semen samples were collected from the Awassi ram 1, 7,14 days. The parameter studies were included semen volume, percentage motility of sperm, sperm concentration, live sperm, and morphology percentage. Samples of seminal plasma were analyzed for the estimation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Results of this study indicate that Ivermectin leads to significant (P<0.05) decreased in semen parameters after the first semen collection. Reaction time significantly higher (P<0.05) in the treated group after 1 day of injection. Alanine aminotransferase ALT, Aspartate aminotransferase AST show no significant differences in activities in seminal plasma during the study. In conclusion: it is preferable to use the animals for the purpose of reproduction only after at least 7 days after Ivermectin injection due to it harmful effect on semen quality.

scholarly journals Key Gene and Functional Pathways Identified in Unexplained Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion Using Targeted RNA Sequencing and Clinical Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Gu ◽  
Longyu Li ◽  
Mengxuan Du ◽  
Hang Xu ◽  
Mengge Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Expression ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hub Genes ◽  
Significant Differential Expression ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Unexplained Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Ifn Γ

Identifying the mechanisms underlying unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) can help develop effective treatments. This study provides novel insights into the biological characteristics and related pathways of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in URSA. Nineteen patients with URSA and three healthy fertile women with regular menstruation (control group) were recruited. RNA was extracted from the two groups to determine the differential expression of immunoregulatory gene sequences. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were used to identify the biological functions and pathways of the identified DEGs. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING database. Furthermore, qRT-PCR and ELISA were performed to validate the differential expression of the hub genes. We also explored the regulatory mechanism of Th1/Th2 imbalance. A total of 99 DEGs were identified, comprising 94 upregulated and five downregulated genes. Through GO analysis, nine immune cell function-related clusters were selected, and genes with significant differential expression were primarily enriched in eight immune regulatory functions related to the KEGG signalling pathway. Subsequently, five hub genes (TLR2, CXCL8, IFNG, IL2RA, and ITGAX) were identified using Cytoscape software; qRT-PCR confirmed the differential expression among the hub genes, whereas ELISA revealed a significant difference in extracellular IFN-γ and IL-8 levels. The levels of Th1 (IFN-γ) and the Th1/Th2 ratio were higher in the peripheral blood of URSA patients than in control group patients. These findings suggest that the occurrence of URSA may be associated with the abnormal expression of some specific immunoregulatory genes involved in T-cell activation and differentiation. Among the identified DEGs, IFNG may play a key role in regulating maternal immune response. Although further validation is required, our data provide an important theoretical basis for elucidating the pathogenesis of recurrent spontaneous abortion.

scholarly journals Effects of firefighting on semen parameters: an exploratory study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. L13-L15
Author(s):  
Michelle Engelsman ◽  
Leisa-Maree L Toms ◽  
Xianyu Wang ◽  
Andrew P W Banks ◽  
Debbie Blake
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
World Health ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Personal Hygiene

Lay summary Firefighters are occupationally exposed to heat intensities and chemical concentrations that may affect fertility. Twenty firefighters participated in an exploratory study assessing fertility of firefighters via an online survey and semen analysis. Data analysis included consideration of demographic characteristics, reproductive history and occupational exposures. Overall, firefighter semen parameters were below World Health Organisation reference values designating fertility in men. Firefighters younger than 45 years had a higher incidence of abnormal semen parameters (42%) than those aged 45 years or greater (9%). Increased rank and higher levels of occupational and/or personal hygiene were associated with improved semen quality. Increased frequency of fire exposure was associated with a reduction in normal forms, volume, sperm concentration and total sperm count. Sperm clumping was greater than 10% in 26% of samples, suggesting reduced semen quality. This exploratory study provides novel data that support the hypothesis of an association between semen quality and firefighter’s occupational exposure to toxic environments.

scholarly journals Lifestyle and Occupation patterns with poor semen quality: A cross sectional analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandana Ranasinghe ◽  
Yehan Gamage ◽  
Ominda Perera ◽  
Chaminda Karunarathna ◽  
Lahiru Sandaruwaan Galgamuwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chemical Hazards

Abstract Background Infertility is a major problem persisting all around the world. According to WHO the rate of infertility is approximately 15% worldwide and it differ from geographical location, ethnicity and social status. Lifestyle habits, environmental and occupational hazards, physical parameters can be recognized as major risk factors which may affect male infertility. The objective of this study was to determine factors associated with male infertility in Sri Lanka. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted on 299 individuals participated for an infertility clinic in a Teaching hospital in Sri Lanka. Socio-demographic, occupational and environmental characteristics were collected using interviewer administered questionnaire. Semen samples were collected from each participant for laboratory investigations. Sperm concentration and motility, morphology and viability of sperms were measured. Results Out of total participants, 30.1% of participants had a sperm concentration of < 15 × 10⁶and the sperm mortality was < 32% in 34.7% participants. Older age, tobacco smokers, individuals using tight under wears and individuals exposed to either heat or chemical hazards were identified as risk groups with low sperm concentration and low semen volume. In addition, older age, individuals using tight under wears and individuals exposed to either heat or chemical hazards were significantly associated with low or abnormal sperm mortality and morphology. Individuals having diabetes showed a significantly higher non-motility rate of sperms. Alcohol usage, betel chewing, mumps, special radiation exposure, body mass index and waist circumference were not significantly associated with semen parameters. Conclusion Older age, tobacco smoking, wearing tight underwear, occupational exposures, and diabetes mellitus has shown a great risk for the generation of poor semen parameters, which can lead to male infertility. Furthermore it is very important to carry out extended studies regarding this problem to establish the effect of above factors.

scholarly journals Association between HOXA10 (rs267601473) polymorphism and recurrent spontaneous abortion

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manouchehr Mazdapour ◽  
Mahmood DehghaniAshkezari ◽  
SeyedMorteza Seifati
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Infertile Woman ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Spss Software

Introduction: Recurrent spontaneous abortion is defined as the occurrence of more than two clinical miscarriages in one woman. Several factors, including endocrine irregularities, genetics and environmental factors, are involved in this kind of infertility.The aim of this study was to survey the association of HOXA10 (rs267601473) polymorphism with the risk of recurrent spontaneous abortion in our population. Methods: In the present case-control study, the HOXA10 (rs267601473) polymorphism was investigated in 70 infertile woman and 100 healthy participants using PCR-RFLP methods. Then, the data were analyzed by SPSS software version 18 and also were compared using Chi-square test and Logistic regression model. The p-value was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Results: Our results showed significant association between the HOXA10 (rs267601473) polymorphism and recurrent spontaneous abortion (OR=0.143, 95% CI=0.056-0.368; p<0.0001). Our findings showed that T allele frequency in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion had significant difference compared to the control group (OR=0.2, 95% CI=0.11-0.4; p<0.0001). Conclusion: The results of this study reveal that the HOXA10 (rs267601473) polymorphism is significantly associated with recurrent spontaneous abortion in our population.

scholarly journals Retrospective Analysis of Fondaparinux and Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin in the Treatment of Women With Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Zhao ◽  
Shuqin Bi ◽  
Jinhua Fu ◽  
Lijuan Qi ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
R Value ◽  
Observational Group

BackgroundTo compare the clinical efficacy of fondaparinux and LMWH and provide clinical evidence for the effectiveness of fondaparinux in the treatment of recurrent spontaneous abortion caused by PTS.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted for 120 patients diagnosed with a recurrent spontaneous abortion caused by PTS in Qingdao Jinhua Women’s Hospital from March 2019 to April 2020. The patients were divided into two groups: 68 cases in the control group, treated with LMWH, 52 cases in the observational group, treated with fondaparinux. The pregnancy outcomes and adverse reactions between the two groups of recurrent miscarriage patients were compared.ResultsNo significant difference was detected in the general data between the two groups of patients before treatment (P&gt;0.05). In the observational group, the R value was increased, and the α and MA values were decreased after three months of treatment compared to those before treatment (P&lt;0.05). In the control group, the R value was increased, and the MA value was decreased after three months of treatment compared to those before treatment (P&lt;0.05). After treatment, no significant difference was observed in the pregnancy outcome between the two groups (P&gt;0.05). The total adverse reaction rate of the fondaparinux group was lower than that of the LMWH group (P&lt;0.05).ConclusionsIn this study, no significant difference was detected in the pregnancy outcome between fondaparinux and LMWH in the treatment of recurrent spontaneous abortion caused by PTS, but fondaparinux had a low occurrence rate of adverse reactions and high safety.

scholarly journals Sexually transmitted infections and semen quality from subfertile men with and without leukocytospermia

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shun Bai ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Yangyang Wan ◽  
Tonghang Guo ◽  
Qi Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Semen Volume ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background The role of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in semen parameters and male infertility is still a controversial area. Previous studies have found bacterial infection in a minority of infertile leukocytospermic males. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of STIs in semen from subfertile men with leukocytospermia (LCS) and without leukocytospermia (non-LCS) and their associations with sperm quality. Methods Semen samples were collected from 195 men who asked for a fertility evaluation. Infection with the above 6 pathogens was assessed in each sample. Sperm quality was compared in subfertile men with and without LCS. Results The LCS group had significantly decreased semen volume, sperm concentration, progressive motility, total motility and normal morphology. The infection rates of Ureaplasma urealyticum (Uuu), Ureaplasma parvum (Uup), Mycoplasma hominis (MH), Mycoplasma genitalium (MG), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) were 8.7 %, 21.0 %, 8.2 %, 2.1 %, 3.6 %, 1.0 and 0 %, respectively. The STI detection rates of patients with LCS were higher than those of the non-LCS group (52.3 % vs. 39.3 %), although there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.07). All semen parameters were not significantly different between LCS with STIs and without STIs, except the semen volume in the MG-infected patients with LCS was significantly lower than that in the noninfected group. Conclusions LCS was associated with a reduction in semen quality, but was not associated with STIs.

O-227 Pre-treatment semen parameters in haematological malignancies. An analysis of sequential samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Lukaszewski ◽  
E Williamson ◽  
P Sangster ◽  
E Yasmin
Keyword(s):  
Hodgkin’S Lymphoma ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphoma ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Haematological Malignancies ◽  
Severe Oligozoospermia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sequential Samples

Abstract Study question Does Leukaemia affect spermatogenesis more adversely than Hodgkin’s lymphoma and is the effect consistent in sequential samples? Summary answer LLeukaemia is associated with a higher incidence of azoospermia, oligozoospermia and asthenozoospermia compared to Hodgkin’s lymphoma. These findings were consistent in sequential samples. What is known already Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) and leukaemias are common haematological malignancies that affect young men. Although not all treatments for these malignancies are gonadotoxic, there is evidence that malignancy affects sperm quality. Our own analysis in over 3000 men revealed that a diverse group of malignancies affected semen parameters adversely. There is concern that a single sample analysis may not reveal the true state due to varied period of abstinence and naturally occurring variation in semen quality. Leukaemia and lymphoma are systemic diseases; leukaemia usually runs a more torrid course whilst HL a more indolent course and therefore may variably affect spermatogenesis. Study design, size, duration A retrospective analysis was performed on 125 men with leukaemia and 303 men with HL. Only those men who had sequential semen analyses (1 and 2) within a month were included. Volume, sperm concentration and motility were the selected parameters in samples 1 and 2. Time period was April 1980 to January 2021. Participants/materials, setting, methods We included all post-pubertal men diagnosed with 2 most common haematological malignancies (Hodgkin’s lymphoma and leukaemia) in our database. Patient’s demographics, cancer diagnosis and semen parameters were extracted from a secure electronic database and analysed using MS Excel. Cancer diagnoses were obtained from referral letters from oncologists. Differences between samples 1 and 2 were tested using Fisher’s test, and odds ratios (OR) were calculated for the two malignancy groups. Main results and the role of chance We analysed 250 samples in 125 men with leukaemia and 606 samples in 303 men with HL. The mean intervals between the two semen samples were similar; 4.4 (1-30) and 3.8 (1-30) days. There were 95.7% of men &lt;40 years in the HL group and 90.4% in the leukaemia group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of low volume (&lt;1.5ml), sperm concentration or motility between samples 1 and 2 in both groups. Oligospermia was more frequently associated with leukaemia (OR 2.22, CI 95%, 1.44-3.43). Although the incidence of severe oligozoospermia was similar between the two cancer groups (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.55 - 1.99), azoospermia was observed to have a greater association with leukaemia than HL (OR 3.22, 95% CI 1.57-6.63). There was also a greater association of asthenozoospermia with leukaemia compared to HL (OR 2.76, 95% CI 1.76-4.35). As there was consistency between samples 1 and 2 in both groups, odds ratio calculation for sample 2 revealed similar results as for sample 1. Limitations, reasons for caution As we selected men with at least two semen samples on two separate occasions, we had to exclude men with single samples which substantially reduced the number of participants. Types of leukaemia and the stage of disease in HL were not analysed. Wider implications of the findings Our findings are pertinent when counselling men about fertility preservation even in the absence of planned gonadotoxic treatment. Awareness about increased azoospermia incidence may help plan oncoTESE procedures. Our findings could form a basis for studies examining spermatogenesis pathways in haematological malignancies. Trial registration number not applicable

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