scholarly journals Pre-Hospital First Aid Strategy for Highway Traffic Accident

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Guo Shuzhang ◽  
Liu Zhi
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Damage Control ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Severe Trauma ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Team Work ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Highway Traffic ◽  
Accident Injuries

Road traffic accidents have become an enormous global public health problem. Traffic accident injuries on highways can cause severe trauma. The death rate of the injured is very high within 30[Formula: see text]min after injury. According to statistics, about 75–95% of the people with fatal traffic injuries died before being taken to the hospital. If these casualties can be effectively treated, about 1/3 can be prevented from death. Therefore, pre-hospital first aid plays a very important role in the treatment of major traffic accident injuries. Paying attention to the pre-hospital emergency treatment is crucial to ensure the success of a major accident damage, and to improve treatment results and reduce mortality and morbidity. A good relationship between the doctor and ambulance officers is essential for efficient team work. All emergency surgical procedures in the case of severely injured patients are generally performed in accordance with the Damage Control Orthopedics (DCO) principle. In order to improve the pre-hospital rapid response and first aid capabilities, the government should establish independent trauma disciplines and trauma specialist training systems, and must build the regional trauma care system as well as the standards for graded treatment, thus establishing a multi-disciplinary team (MDT) for severe trauma. In this way, we can reduce the mortality and disability risks of severe trauma, improve the quality of patients’ life and save more lives.

scholarly journals Profile of Fatal Road Traffic Accident Cases in Srikakulam District - An Autopsy-Based Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (50) ◽  
pp. 3046-3049
Author(s):  
Sadhu Rama Mohana Rao ◽  
Avvaru Krishnaveni ◽  
Reddi Bindu ◽  
Ronanki Mounika
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Chest Injuries ◽  
Wrong Side

BACKGROUND Road Traffic Injuries (RTA's) are a major but neglected global public health problem requiring concerted efforts for effective and sustainable prevention. Road traffic accident is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries, including India. Srikakulam is the northern district in Andhra Pradesh state which has 194 kilometres of National Highway (NH) passing through it from Ichapuram to Pydibheemavaram. Frequent median openings, poorly designed access roads from the adjacent areas of highways and lack of effective enforcement to control wrong side vehicular movements on NH16 have led to an increase in number of road accidents in this region. We wanted to study the demographic distribution of cases, assess the nature and cause of deaths certified after post-mortem examinations, and evaluate the pattern and distribution of injuries associated with road traffic accidents. METHODS It is a record-based study, a total of 422 autopsies done in the year 2019 were studied, of which 131 were due to RTA's. Data regarding 131 RTA's was analysed using the records available with the Forensic Medicine department. Institutional Ethical Committee (IEC) approval was taken. RESULTS In our study, 78 % were men, and 22 % were women. 41 - 60 years age group showed the highest number of victims (38 %) (49). Head injuries were most common (54.6 %), followed by multiple injuries (27.6 %) and chest injuries (8.4 %). The study reported more accident-related deaths during the month of May (22 %), followed by April (11.4 %). CONCLUSIONS Head injuries and subdural & sub arachnoid hematoma are the leading causes of death from RTAs. KEYWORDS Autopsy, Cause of Death, Fatal Road Traffic Accidents, Injuries, Pattern of Injuries

scholarly journals Affordability and Availability of Child Restraints in an Under-Served Population in South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasanthi Puvanachandra ◽  
Aliasgher Janmohammed ◽  
Pumla Mtambeka ◽  
Megan Prinsloo ◽  
Sebastian Van As ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Injury Death ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Restraint Use ◽  
Child Restraint

Background: Child road traffic injuries are a major global public health problem and the issue is particularly burdensome in middle-income countries such as South Africa where injury death rates are 41 per 100,000 for under 5′s and 24.5 per 100,000 for 5–14-year-old. Despite their known effectiveness in reducing injuries amongst children, the rates of use of child restraint systems (CRS) remains low in South Africa. Little is known about barriers to child restraint use especially in low- and middle-income countries. Methods: We carried out observation studies and parent/carer surveys in 7 suburbs of Cape Town over a three month period to assess usage rates and explore the knowledge and perceptions of parents towards child restraint legislation, ownership and cost; Results: Only 7.8% of child passengers were observed to be properly restrained in a CRS with driver seatbelt use and single child occupancy being associated with higher child restraint use. 92% of survey respondents claimed to have knowledge of current child restraint legislation, however, only 32% of those parents/carers were able to correctly identify the age requirements and penalty. Reasons given for not owning a child seat included high cost and the belief that seatbelts were a suitable alternative. Conclusions: These findings indicate the need for a tighter legislation with an increased fine paired with enhanced enforcement of both adult seatbelt and child restraint use. The provision of low-cost/subsidised CRS or borrowing schemes and targeted social marketing through online fora, well baby clinics, early learning centres would be beneficial in increasing ownership and use of CRS.

First-aid Training and Bystander Actions at Traffic Crashes — A Population Study

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva M. Larsson ◽  
Niklas L. Mártensson ◽  
Kristina A.E. Alexanderson
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Traffic Crash ◽  
The Public ◽  
Lay Persons ◽  
First Aid Training ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIntroduction:Traffic crashes constitute a major, worldwide public-health problem that cause disabilities, life-long suffering, and huge economic losses. When a person is injured in a traffic crash, actions taken by bystanders often are of crucial importance. To perform first-aid actions in a correct manner, bystanders, often lay persons, need both the courage and the knowledge to do so. For preventive purposes, society spends large resources to inform and educate the public in order to enhance people's ability to take correct actions. However, there only is little information on the rate in a population of persons who have had first-aid training, have been bystanders at a traffic crash, on the actions taken by such persons, and on effects of first-aid training on patient care.Objective:The aim of this study was to acquire knowledge about: (1) the prevalence of first-aid training; (2) the incidence of being a bystander and of the first aid provided at traffic crashes and other emergencies; and (3) the impact of first-aid training on the risks people take in road traffic.Methods:A questionnaire was administered to 2,800 randomly selected persons aged 18–74 years.Results:The response rate was 67.5%. During the previous five years, 39% of the population had received first-aid training, with a higher rate among younger individuals and those with a higher education. After training, 30% of the respondents had used their skills, and 41% took fewer risks in traffic, particularly those who were older or had a lower level of education. Fourteen percent of those with training (significantly more men) had been bystanders at a traffic crash. At 20% of the crashes, a bystander had administered first aid, and one-third of those who provided such assistance had had use of their training. Conclusion: Intensified first-aid training of the general public could lead to citizens who are more cautious in traffic and to bystanders who provide more immediate and adequate first aid at traffic crashes and other emergencies.

scholarly journals Road traffic injuries in China from 2007 to 2016: the epidemiological characteristics, trends and influencing factors

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Wang ◽  
Huiting Yu ◽  
Chan Nie ◽  
Yanna Zhou ◽  
Haiyan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Cement Concrete Pavement ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Background Road traffic accidents are one of the serious disasters that cause public injury, fatality and great economic loss. They are a growing public health problem around the world. Objectives The aim of this study was to determine epidemiological characteristics, tendency and possible influencing factors of road traffic injuries (RTIs) in China, so as to give target suggestions on preventative measures. Methods Road traffic accident data were obtained from National Bureau of Statistics of China and Ministry of Transport of the People’s Republic of China. Descriptive statistic such as RTIs frequency, trends of different accident types from 2007 to 2016; the RTIs difference between different regions and road surfaces were compared; and the possible influencing factors of RTIs were also explored. Results Over the past decade, with the mileage of constructed highway increased, the frequency of road traffic accidents have declined substantially in China, and the death toll from road traffic accidents with motor vehicles has declined from 2007 to 2015, Conversely, the number of deaths from non-motor vehicle accidents has risen rapidly since 2012. Our study showed that the traffic accident related mortality in Guizhou province was different from the level of the whole nation, and the Eastern, Central and Western areas of China were all significantly different (P < 0.001). Linear regression suggested a significant affected of gross domestic product (GDP)-per-capita, education level, the number of health institutions, populations, and car ownership status on traffic accident death tolls (P < 0.001). Moreover, cement concrete pavement roads were associated with the highest occurrence rates of RTI, and RTIs was statistically significant (P < 0.001) on different road surfaces. Conclusion Even though the frequency of road traffic accidents has declined, RTIs remain an urgent public health problem in China. Thus, the government should give some target preventative measures to reduce RTIs, aiming at different regions, the increasing trend of the death toll related to non-motor vehicles and the highest occurrence on cement concrete pavement roads.

scholarly journals Оrganizational aspects of primary health care for personal skeleton damage caused by road traffic accidents

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
V. V. Masljakov ◽  
O. N. Pavlova ◽  
A. V. Pimenov ◽  
A. G. Proshin ◽  
A. V. Poljako ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Open Injuries

The purpose of the study. Study the organizational aspects of providing primary health care for victims with the facial department of the skeleton as a result of traffic accidents. Materials and methods. To achieve this goal, a retrospective study was conducted. The work included victims of road accidents with damage to the facial part of the skull between the ages of 18 and 70 years. In total, 150 victims were included in the study between 2000 and 2019. Results of the study and their analysis. The study shows that injuries to the facial skeleton as a result of traffic accidents are relevant. As a result of the study, it was found that as a result of an accident, there is approximately the same number of closed and open injuries. At the same time, open injuries, which could be regarded as medium and severe, were identified in 45 (30%) cases. In addition, data analysis showed that in 30,7% of observations, first aid was provided by random witnesses and/ or relatives of victims who did not have the skills and necessary knowledge to provide such assistance. In addition, an additional 19,3 per cent of first aid was provided by staff of various services who have some knowledge and skills in first aid. This is due to the fact that in the first group, first aid was provided faster than in the second group. The lack of the necessary skills to provide first aid to victims with such an injury can be explained by the rather high percentage of errors, which in the first group amounted to 18,7%, while employees of various services showed good results in providing such assistance and errors were not noted. Key words: primary health care, damage to the facial skeleton, traffic accident.

Utilization of drugs in patients with road traffic accident injuries

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
HavagirayR Chitme ◽  
Mohamed MubarakSalim Al Badri ◽  
AbdullahHumaid Al Saadi
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Accident Injuries

scholarly journals Establishment of a road traffic trauma registry for northern Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e001818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thayasivam Gobyshanger ◽  
Alison M Bales ◽  
Claire Hardman ◽  
Mary McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Trauma Registry ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Prehospital Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
Middle Income Countries

Road traffic injuries are a neglected global public health problem. Over 1.25 million people are killed each year, and middle-income countries, which are motorising rapidly, are the hardest hit. Sri Lanka is dealing with an injury-related healthcare crisis, with a recent 85% increase in road traffic fatality rates. Road traffic crashes now account for 25 000 injuries annually and 10 deaths daily. Development of a trauma registry is the foundation for injury control, care and prevention. Five northern Sri Lankan provinces collaborated with Jaffna Teaching Hospital to develop a local electronic registry. The Centre for Clinical Excellence and Research was established to provide organisational leadership, hardware and software were purchased, and data collectors trained. Initial data collection was modified after implementation challenges were resolved. Between 1 June 2017 and 30 September 2017, 1708 injured patients were entered into the registry. Among these patients, 62% were male, 76% were aged 21–50, 71.3% were motorcyclists and 34% were in a collision with another motorcyclist. There were frequent collisions with uncontrolled livestock (12%) and with fixed objects (14%), and most patients were transported by private vehicles without prehospital care. Head (n=315) and lower extremity (n=497) injuries predominated. Establishment of a trauma registry in low-income and middle-income countries is a significant challenge and requires invested local leadership; the most challenging issue is ongoing funding. However, this pilot registry provides a valuable foundation, identifying unique injury mechanisms, establishing priorities for prevention and patient care, and introducing the concept of an organised system to this region.

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