Universal Theory of Si Oxidation Rate and Importance of Interfacial Si Emission

The article assesses synergetic theory of document as a new development in document science. In information society the social role of document grows, as information involves all members of society in the process of documentation. The transformation of document under the influence of modern information technologies increases its interest to representatives of different sciences. Interdisciplinary nature of document as an object of research leads to an ambiguous interpretation of its nature and social role. The article expresses and contends the author's views on this issue. In her opinion, social role of document is incidental to its being a main social tool regulating the life of civilized society. Thus, the study aims to create a scientific theory of document, explaining its nature and social role as a tool of social (goal-oriented) action and social self-organization. Substantiation of this idea is based on application of synergetics (i.e., universal theory of self-organization) to scientific study of document. In the synergetic paradigm, social and historical development is seen as the change of phases of chaos and order, and document is considered a main tool that regulates social relations. Unlike other theories of document, synergetic theory studies document not as a carrier and means of information transfer, but as a unique social phenomenon and universal social tool. For the first time, the study of document steps out of traditional frameworks of office, archive, and library. The document is placed on the scales with society as a global social system with its functional subsystems of politics, economy, culture, and personality. For the first time, the methods of social sciences and modern sociological theories are applied to scientific study of document. This methodology provided a basis for theoretical vindication of nature and social role of document as a tool of social (goal-oriented) action and social self-organization. The study frames a synergetic theory of document with methodological foundations and basic concepts, synergetic model of document, laws of development and effectiveness of document in the social continuum. At the present stage of development of science, it can be considered the highest form of theoretical knowledge of document and its scientific explanatory theory.

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The necessity of the creation of the universal theory of law, or the essence and problems of the modern fundamental jurisprudence

Management Issues ◽

10.22394/2304-3369-2018-5-16-26 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (5) ◽

pp. 16-26

Author(s):

B.A. Osipyan

Keyword(s):

Universal Theory ◽

The Creation ◽

Theory Of Law

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Oxidation of (1-hydroxybenzyl)ferrocene and its derivatives substituted in phenyl ring with bis(triphenylsilyl) chromate

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19823375 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 47 (12) ◽

pp. 3375-3380 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jaroslav Holeček ◽

Karel Handlíř ◽

Milan Nádvorník ◽

Milan Vlček

Keyword(s):

Linear Dependence ◽

Rate Constants ◽

Oxidation Rate ◽

Phenyl Ring ◽

Equilibrium Constants ◽

Aprotic Solvents ◽

Protonation Equilibrium ◽

Oxidation Of Alcohols ◽

Hammett Σ Constants ◽

Sulphuric Acid Medium

Kinetics have been studied of oxidation of (1-hydroxybenzyl)ferrocenes substituted in phenyl ring with bis(triphenylsilyl) chromate in benzene solutions as well as protonation of these alcohols in sulphuric acid medium. Logarithms of the oxidation rate constants (kobs, 20-40 °C) and those of the protonation equilibrium constants (KR+, 25 °C) show linear dependence on the Hammett σ constants, the ρ constant values being -0.86 to -0.40 and -2.50, respectively. These negative values suggest that the both processes are influenced by the same effects and confirm the mechanism proposed earlier for oxidation of alcohols with ferrocenyl substituent by action of bis(triphenylsilyl) chromate in aprotic solvents.

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Formation of synthetic analogues of double metal-hydroxy carbonate minerals under controlled pH conditions: I. The synthesis of pyroaurite and reevesite

Clay Minerals ◽

10.1180/claymin.1990.025.2.03 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 161-179 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

H. C. B. Hansen ◽

R. M. Taylor

Keyword(s):

Oxidation Rate ◽

Reasonable Agreement ◽

Single Phase ◽

Morphological Features ◽

Air Oxidation ◽

Synthetic Analogues ◽

Synthesis Technique ◽

Homogeneous Product ◽

Ph Conditions ◽

Hydroxy Carbonate

AbstractTwo-layered Fe(III)-M(II) hydroxy carbonates (M(II) = Ni or Mg) have been synthesized by induced hydrolysis using controlled air oxidation of an aqueous Fe(II)-M(II) mixture (M(II)/Fe(II) ratio >3) at a pH below which the hydroxide of the M(II) cation precipitates. The crystalline, homogeneous product can be a single phase consisting of very thin circular to hexagonal plates (0·2–0·8 µm diam.). For synthetic reevesite (Ni(II)-Fe(III) hydroxy carbonate), stable spherular aggregates are formed. The well crystallized products have an M(II)/Fe(III) ratio of about two. However, by varying the pH, the initial M(II)-Fe(III) ratio and the oxidation rate, the M(II)/Fe(III) ratio in the product and its crystallinity can be varied. The derived formulae are in reasonable agreement with the known composition of pyroaurite-type compounds. Possible synthesis pathways are discussed. The ability to control some physical and morphological features of the products indicates that the synthesis technique could prove advantageous in the preparation of certain catalyst precursors.

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NADPH-dependent reduction of 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol by the phagocytic vesicles of pig polymorphonuclear leucocytes

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj2100577 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 210 (2) ◽

pp. 577-581 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

H Wakeyama ◽

K Takeshige ◽

S Minakami

Keyword(s):

Oxidation Rate ◽

Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽

Reductase Activity ◽

Tween 20 ◽

Polymorphonuclear Leucocytes ◽

Resting Cells ◽

Low Concentrations ◽

Km Value ◽

Nadph Oxidation

NADPH-dependent 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol (DCIP) reductase activity in the homogenate of phagocytosing pig polymorphonuclear leucocytes was twice that of the resting cells and the activity in the phagocytic vesicles corresponded to the activity increment due to phagocytosis. The apparent Km value of the reductase activity in the vesicles for NADPH was 30 microM, which is similar to that of the NADPH-dependent superoxide (O2-) formation. Increasing the DCIP reductase activity by increasing the DCIP concentration caused a decrease in the O2- –forming activity, the NADPH oxidation rate being constant and independent of the dye concentration. p-Chloromercuribenzoate and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide at low concentrations inhibited the O2- –forming activity of the vesicles without inhibiting the DCIP reductase. Quinacrine inhibited both O2- formation and DCIP reduction. The DCIP reductase activity could be extracted with a mixture of deoxycholate and Tween-20, which extracts the O2- –forming activity. The reductase activity in the extract was enhanced 2-fold by the addition of FAD, and its apparent Km was 0.085 microM. These results indicate that the NADPH-dependent DCIP reductase activity of the phagocytic vesicles is catalysed by a flavin-containing component of the O2- –forming system.

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The mitochondrial consequences of uncoupling intact cells depend on the nature of the exogenous substrate

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj3550231 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 355 (1) ◽

pp. 231-235 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Brigitte SIBILLE ◽

Céline FILIPPI ◽

Marie-Astrid PIQUET ◽

Pascale LECLERCQ ◽

Eric FONTAINE ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidation Rate ◽

Marked Decrease ◽

Electrical Potential ◽

Atp Synthesis ◽

Intact Cells ◽

Isolated Mitochondria ◽

Exogenous Substrate ◽

High Oxidation ◽

Transmembrane Electrical Potential ◽

Sustained Increase

In isolated mitochondria the consequences of oxidative phosphorylation uncoupling are well defined, whereas in intact cells various effects have been described. Uncoupling liver cells with 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) in the presence of dihydroxyacetone (DHA) and ethanol results in a marked decrease in mitochondrial transmembrane electrical potential (∆ψ), ATP/ADP ratios and gluconeogenesis (as an ATP-utilizing process), whereas the increased oxidation rate is limited and transient. Conversely, when DHA is associated with octanoate or proline, DNP addition results in a very large and sustained increase in oxidation rate, whereas the decreases in ∆ψ, ATP/ADP ratios and gluconeogenesis are significantly less when compared with DHA and ethanol. Hence significant energy wastage (high oxidation rate) by uncoupling is achieved only with substrates that are directly oxidized in the mitochondrial matrix. Conversely in the presence of substrates that are first oxidized in the cytosol, uncoupling results in a profound decrease in mitochondrial ∆ψ and ATP synthesis, whereas energy wastage is very limited.

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