Late Neogene sedimentary facies and sequences in the Pannonian Basin, Hungary

The Siwalik basin of Arunachal Himalaya is a part of the Himalayan foreland. Due to continental collision between Indian and Eurasian plates, the Himalayan mountain system experienced intense uplift and erosion and as a result, a large amount of siliciclastic sediments accumulated within the foreland and a remnant ocean basin (which was commonly known as foredeep) was developed during Eocene. Moreover, the sediments were deposited by a large river draining the uplifted Himalayan belt during late Neogene. From the pattern of lithofacies, the river may be envisaged as braided type and was a bit shallow relative to its width, floored by bars and channels of low sinuosity and with a bed load of sand and pebbly sediments. These sediments present in the Arunachal foothills are bounded by the Brahmaputra Alluviums in the south and the Gondwana belt in the north and, by a system of frontal faults and the Main Boundary Fault, respectively. The sediments are mostly of molasse type (Upper Tertiary sediments), of different sedimentary facies present in the form of thick accumulation of multilateral and multistoried bodies. Moreover, the depositional basin suffered from some tectonic disturbances for which open folds and many reverse faults were formed. With the formation of foredeep infront of the Himalaya, a reversal of slope towards north-west took place in post-Barail times and during the later part of the Tertiary, the Himalayan and the Upper Assam basin were continuous below the Brahmaputra Alluviums as evidenced by field and laboratory observations. From these observations, it is seen that the Siwalik basin of Arunachal Himalaya has close resemblance with the Tertiary basin (Neogene basin) of Upper Assam rather than the Siwalik basin of western Himalaya and thus, this basin may be treated as a separate basin which may be renamed as "Tertiary basin of Arunachsl".

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Late Miocene and Pliocene history of the Danube Basin: inferred from development of depositional systems and timing of sedimentary facies changes

Geologica Carpathica ◽

10.2478/v10096-011-0037-4 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 62 (6) ◽

pp. 519-534 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Michal Kováč ◽

Rastislav Synak ◽

Klement Fordinál ◽

Peter Joniak ◽

Csaba Tóth ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Late Miocene ◽

Pannonian Basin ◽

Sedimentary Environment ◽

Sedimentary Facies ◽

Danube Basin ◽

Delta Plain ◽

Wide Range ◽

History Of ◽

Depositional Systems ◽

Sedimentary Cycle

Late Miocene and Pliocene history of the Danube Basin: inferred from development of depositional systems and timing of sedimentary facies changesThe development of the northern Danube Basin (nDB) was closely related to the Late Miocene geodynamic evolution of the Pannonian Basin System. It started with a wide rifting which led to subsidence of several basin depocenters which were gradually filled during the Late Miocene and Early Pliocene. In the Late Pliocene the subsidence continued only in the basin's central part, while the northern marginal zone suffered inversion and the uplifted sedimentary fill began to be eroded. Individual stages of the basin development are well recorded in its sedimentary succession, where at least three great tectono-sedimentary cycles were documented. Firstly, a lacustrine cycle containing Lower, Middle and lowermost Upper Pannonian sediments (A-F Zones;sensuPapp 1951) deposited in the time span 11.6-8.9 Ma and is represented in the nDB in Slovakia by the Ivanka and Beladice Formations. In the Danube Basin of the southern part in Hungary, where the formations are defined by the appearance of sedimentary facies in time and space, the equivalents are: (1) the deep-water setting marls, clays and sandy turbidites of the Endrod and Szolnok Formations leading to the overlying strata deposits of the basin paleoslope or delta-slope represented by the Algyő Formation, and (2) the final shallow-water setting deposits of marshes, lagoons and a coastal and delta plain composed of clays, sands and coal seams, represented by the Újfalu Formation. The second tectono-sedimentary cycle was deposited in an alluvial environment and it comprises the Upper Pannonian (G and H Zones;sensuPapp 1951) and Lower Pliocene sediments dated 8.9-4.1? Ma. The cycle is represented in the nDB, by the Volkovce Formation and in the southern part by the Zagyva Formation in Hungary. The sedimentary environment is characterized by a wide range of facies from fluvial, deltaic and ephemeral lake to marshes. The third tectono-sedimentary cycle comprises the Upper Pliocene sediments. In Slovakia these are represented by the Kolárovo Formation dated 4.1-2.6 Ma. The formation contains material of weathering crust preserved in fissures of Mesozoic carbonates, diluvial deposits and sediments of the alluvial environment.

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Sarmatian and Pannonian mollusks from Pécs-Danitzpuszta, southern Hungary: a unique local faunal succession

Földtani Közlöny ◽

10.23928/foldt.kozl.2021.151.4.335 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 151 (4) ◽

pp. 335-361

Author(s):

Dániel Botka ◽

Nóra Rofrics ◽

Lajos Katona ◽

Imre Magyar

Keyword(s):

Pannonian Basin ◽

Coarse Grained ◽

Lake Basin ◽

Vienna Basin ◽

Lake Pannon ◽

Mollusk Fauna ◽

Late Neogene ◽

Faunal Succession ◽

Littoral Fauna ◽

Sedimentary Succession

As the almost 200-year palaeontological research revealed, the geographical distribution of various fossil mollusk faunas in deposits of the late Neogene Lake Pannon displays a regular pattern. The lake basin was filled by lateral accretion of sediments, resulting in condensed sedimentary successions in the distal parts of the basin and successively younger shallow-water deposits from the margins towards the basin center. Exposed intra-basin basement highs, however, broke this strict pattern when they acted as sediment sources during the lake’s lifetime. The Mecsek Mts in southern Hungary was such an island in Lake Pannon during the early late Miocene. Deposition of the 200 m thick Sarmatian–Pannonian sedimentary succession in Pécs-Danitzpuszta at the foot of the Mecsek Mts was thus controlled by local tectonic and sedimentary processes, resulting in a unique succession of facies and mollusk faunas. A typical, restricted marine Sarmatian fauna is followed by a distinct freshwater or oligohaline interval, which, according to micropalaeontological evidence, still belongs to the Sarmatian. Although poor preservation of fossils does not allow firm conclusions, it seems that freshwater Sarmatian snails were the ancestors of the brackish-water-adapted early Pannonian pulmonate snail taxa. The successive “Sarmatian-type” dwarfed cockle fauna is similar to those widely reported from the Sarmatian–Pannonian boundary in various parts of the Pannonian Basin; however, a thorough taxonomic study of its species is still lacking. The bulk of the sedimentary succession corresponds to the sublittoral to profundal “white marls,” which are widespread in the southern Pannonian Basin. In Croatia and Serbia, they are divided into the Lymnocardium praeponticum or Radix croatica Zone (11.6–11.4 Ma) below, and the Congeria banatica Zone (11.4–9.7 Ma) above; this division can be applied to the Pécs-Danitzpuszta succession as well. Sedimentation of the calcareous marl, however, ceased at Pécs-Danitzpuszta at about 10.5–10.2 Ma ago (during the younger part of the Lymnocardium schedelianum Chron), when silt was deposited with a diverse sublittoral mollusk fauna. Similar faunas are known from the Vienna Basin, southern Banat, and other marginal parts of the Pannonian Basin System, but not from Croatia and Serbia, where deposition of the deep-water white marls continued during this time. Finally, the Pécs-Danitzpuszta succession was capped with a thick, coarse-grained sand series that contains mollusk molds and casts representing a typical littoral assemblage. This littoral fauna is well-known from easternmost Austria, northern Serbia, and northwestern Romania, but never directly from above the sublittoral L. schedelianum Zone. The fauna is characteristic for the upper part of the Lymnocardium conjungens Zone and has an inferred age of ca. 10.2–10.0 Ma. The Pécs-Danitzpuszta succession thus allows to establish the chronostratigraphic relationship between mollusk faunas that have not been observed in one succession nor in close proximity to each other in other parts of the Pannonian Basin.

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Quaternary tectonic and depositional evolution of eastern Srem (northwest Serbia)

Geoloski anali Balkanskog poluostrva ◽

10.2298/gabp1475043t ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 43-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marinko Toljic ◽

Drazenko Nenadic ◽

Uros Stojadinovic ◽

Tivadar Gaudenyi ◽

Katarina Bogicevic

Keyword(s):

Stress Field ◽

Compressive Stress ◽

Cross Sections ◽

Pannonian Basin ◽

Tectonic Activity ◽

Late Neogene ◽

Genetic Features ◽

Regional Tectonic ◽

Depositional Evolution ◽

Structural Plan

The area of eastern Srem is situated in the southern periphery of the Pannonian basin. Its depositional evolution during the Neogene and the Quaternary has been controlled by tectonic processes. Miocene extensional subsidence was followed by the Pliocene-Quaternary inversion of the basin. The latter was accomplished as the result of replacement of the tensile by the compressive stress field. Since the Late Neogene, the regional tectonic activity has been controlled by compressive stress produced by the northnortheastern propagation of the Adria microplate. In the compressive NE-SW-oriented stress field, the recent structural plan of the Pannonian basin and its wider environment, including its southern periphery, was reactivated. The youngest tectonic deformations are characterized by positive and negative vertical motions of large intrabasinal segments and basinal periphery, resulting in the final inversion of the basin. The effects of the basinal inversion can be recognized in genetic features of Quaternary sediments and geomorphological characteristics of the relief. Sources of data used for the interpretation of the Quaternary tectonic activity in the area of eastern Srem are of geological, geomorphological, thermochronological, and geophysical character. The positions of prominent fault structures have been ascertained by remote sensing, interpretations of available geophysical cross-sections, and using the field data.

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From seismic geomorphology to hydrostratigraphic units: spatial and temporal variations of deltaic to fluvial architecture, Pannonian Basin, Hungary

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-8981 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hana Ben Mahrez ◽

Lilla Tőkés ◽

John Molson ◽

Judit Mádl-Szőnyi ◽

Orsolya Sztanó

Keyword(s):

Hydraulic Conductivity ◽

Pannonian Basin ◽

Temporal Variations ◽

Depositional Environments ◽

Root Mean Square Amplitude ◽

Horizon 2020 ◽

Late Neogene ◽

Well Data ◽

Sand Bodies ◽

Basin Fill

This study focuses on the stratigraphic architecture of deltaic and fluvial sand lithologies within the Late Neogene Pannonian basin-fill succession in Hungary, identified from seismic and well data, in order to develop a quantitative hydrostratigraphic classification of the sequence. Hydrostratigraphic divisions are based on the hydraulic conductivity of the rock bodies, which depends on their extent, i.e. the thickness and the spatial distribution, as well as the lateral and vertical connectivity of sand bodies embedded in various muddy lithologies. Thus, we are going to build a simplified 3D lithological model for the uppermost 1500 m of the basin fill succession, that can later be transformed into hydrostratigraphic units and hydraulic conductivity values applied in a numerical flow model. The depositional environments change from deltaic to fluvial and within the fluvial system, the environment alternates between meandering and anastomosing. These intervals will appear as different hydrostratigraphic units in the model.&#160;&#160;In our work-flow, a merged three-dimensional seismic cube covering an area of approximately &#160;&#160;&#160;50 x 40 km2 was analyzed: 7 master horizons and several proportional slices were delineated in different attribute maps (e.g. amplitude, Root Mean Square amplitude, symmetry, similarity). These maps were generated to investigate the seismic geomorphological features and their associated depositional environments. Rock bodies were defined on the planform geometry of seismic attributes. Basic wireline logs (gamma, spontaneous potential, and resistivity) from 237 wells were interpreted simply in terms of sand, mud, and heterolithic muddy-sand, and finally were tied to the seismic cube. Lithology of rock bodies was determined with the help of well data. With this method, sandy deltaic lobes, sandy fluvial channel belts, and the muddy flood plains were identified. Based on the extension and density of sand bodies, percentages of sand vs clay (net-to-gross; N/G) as well as sand connectivity percentages were determined.Above the deltaic succession, the fluvial depositional setting can be divided into three minor units. These units start with a meandering system, with 500-3600 m wide channel belts and a relatively high N/G. For an interval in the Pliocene about 350 m thick, a transition into an anastomosing river system is observed. This unit is characterized by channels about 100-200 m wide, with significantly lower N/G ratios and less connectedness. In the uppermost part of the succession, large meandering channel belts returned to the area. These changes in river style and paleo-hydrography affect the sand and clay ratio and their connectivity; therefore, definition of previous hydrostratigraphic units must be reconsidered.&#160;This research is part of a project that has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 810980.

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From marginal outcrops to basin interior: a new perspective on the sedimentary evolution of the eastern Pannonian Basin

International Journal of Earth Sciences ◽

10.1007/s00531-021-02117-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

István Róbert Bartha ◽

Dániel Botka ◽

Vivien Csoma ◽

Lajos Tamás Katona ◽

Emőke Tóth ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pannonian Basin ◽

Sedimentary Facies ◽

Time Frame ◽

Well Logs ◽

Coarse Grained ◽

Small Satellite ◽

Sedimentary Evolution ◽

Seismic Sections ◽

New Perspective ◽

Uplift And Erosion

AbstractSedimentary successions exposed at basin margins as a result of late-stage inversion, uplift and erosion usually represent only a limited portion of the entire basin fill; thus, they are highly incomplete records of basin evolution. Small satellite basins, however, might have the potential of recording more complete histories. The late Miocene sedimentary history of the Șimleu Basin, a north-eastern satellite of the vast Pannonian Basin, was investigated through the study of large outcrops and correlative well-logs. A full transgressive–regressive cycle is reconstructed, which formed within a ca. 1 million-year time frame (10.6–9.6 Ma). The transgressive phase is represented by coarse-grained deltas overlain by deep-water lacustrine marls. Onset of the regressive phase is indicated by sandy turbidite lobes and channels, followed by slope shales, and topped by stacked deltaic lobes and fluvial deposits. The deep- to shallow-water sedimentary facies are similar to those deposited in the central, deep part of the Pannonian Basin. The Șimleu Basin is thus a close and almost complete outcrop analogue of the Pannonian Basin’s lacustrine sedimentary record known mainly from subsurface data, such as well-logs, cores and seismic sections from the basin interior. This study demonstrates that deposits of small satellite basins may reflect the whole sequence of processes that shaped the major basin, although at a smaller spatial and temporal scale.

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Petroleum system of Miocene troughs of the Pannonian Basin in southern Hungary, based on 3D basin modeling

Interpretation ◽

10.1190/int-2017-0075.1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. SB37-SB50 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Viktor Lemberkovics ◽

Edina Kissné Pável ◽

Balázs Badics ◽

Katalin Lőrincz ◽

Alexander Rodionov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Source Rock ◽

Pannonian Basin ◽

System Modeling ◽

Petroleum System ◽

Source Rocks ◽

Small Scale ◽

Basin Modeling ◽

Petroleum Systems ◽

Wet Gas ◽

Late Neogene

The role of the Middle-Upper Miocene source rocks in the Late Neogene petroleum system of the Pannonian Basin is undoubtedly significant, but it is not entirely understood. Only a few general publications exist that describe these sediments and their importance. We have focused on understanding the Neogene tectono-stratigraphic development and petroleum systems of these relatively small syn-rift grabens in southern Hungary. We have developed a workflow for organic geochemical, seismic, and facies interpretation; basin subsidence; and 3D basin modeling to better understand the Miocene-Pliocene-age petroleum system in a [Formula: see text] study area. This area fully covers two small-scale (less than [Formula: see text] size each) troughs filled by syn-rift and postrift deposits in large thickness with significantly different structural histories. During our investigation, six source rock beds were identified and built into the model. Thousands of meters of Lower Miocene, (Karpatian age) sediment accumulated in a “pull-apart,” but later structurally inverted Kiskunhalas Trough in the south, where four moderate- to good-quality (2 wt% estimated original total organic carbon [TOC], 200 HI), dominantly gas-prone, immature to wet gas mature source rock beds were identified. In the overlying Middle Miocene (Badenian age) sediments, generally good quality (2 wt% estimated original [TOC], 300–500 HI, type II and II-S), oil-prone, dominantly oil mature source bed was identified. This layer, as the regional Miocene source rock, is mainly responsible for the known hydrocarbon (HC) accumulations. The 3D basin and petroleum system modeling helped us understand the HC migration into the already-discovered fields as well as identify possible future exploration objects.

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Benthic foraminiferal zonation in deep-water carbonate platform margin environments, northern Little Bahama Bank

Journal of Paleontology ◽

10.1017/s0022336000058819 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 62 (01) ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ronald E. Martin

Keyword(s):

Deep Water ◽

Benthic Foraminifera ◽

Carbonate Platform ◽

Sedimentary Facies ◽

Depositional Environments ◽

Near Surface ◽

Sediment Gravity Flows ◽

Gravity Flows ◽

Platform Margin ◽

Water Carbonate

The utility of benthic foraminifera in bathymetric interpretation of clastic depositional environments is well established. In contrast, bathymetric distribution of benthic foraminifera in deep-water carbonate environments has been largely neglected. Approximately 260 species and morphotypes of benthic foraminifera were identified from 12 piston core tops and grab samples collected along two traverses 25 km apart across the northern windward margin of Little Bahama Bank at depths of 275-1,135 m. Certain species and operational taxonomic groups of benthic foraminifera correspond to major near-surface sedimentary facies of the windward margin of Little Bahama Bank and serve as reliable depth indicators. Globocassidulina subglobosa, Cibicides rugosus, and Cibicides wuellerstorfi are all reliable depth indicators, being most abundant at depths >1,000 m, and are found in lower slope periplatform aprons, which are primarily comprised of sediment gravity flows. Reef-dwelling peneroplids and soritids (suborder Miliolina) and rotaliines (suborder Rotaliina) are most abundant at depths <300 m, reflecting downslope bottom transport in proximity to bank-margin reefs. Small miliolines, rosalinids, and discorbids are abundant in periplatform ooze at depths <300 m and are winnowed from the carbonate platform. Increased variation in assemblage diversity below 900 m reflects mixing of shallow- and deep-water species by sediment gravity flows.

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