From seismic geomorphology to hydrostratigraphic units: spatial and temporal variations of deltaic to fluvial architecture, Pannonian Basin, Hungary

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Ben Mahrez ◽  
Lilla Tőkés ◽  
John Molson ◽  
Judit Mádl-Szőnyi ◽  
Orsolya Sztanó
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Pannonian Basin ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Root Mean Square Amplitude ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Late Neogene ◽  
Well Data ◽  
Sand Bodies ◽  
Basin Fill

<p>This study focuses on the stratigraphic architecture of deltaic and fluvial sand lithologies within the Late Neogene Pannonian basin-fill succession in Hungary, identified from seismic and well data, in order to develop a quantitative hydrostratigraphic classification of the sequence. Hydrostratigraphic divisions are based on the hydraulic conductivity of the rock bodies, which depends on their extent, i.e. the thickness and the spatial distribution, as well as the lateral and vertical connectivity of sand bodies embedded in various muddy lithologies. Thus, we are going to build a simplified 3D lithological model for the uppermost 1500 m of the basin fill succession, that can later be transformed into hydrostratigraphic units and hydraulic conductivity values applied in a numerical flow model. The depositional environments change from deltaic to fluvial and within the fluvial system, the environment alternates between meandering and anastomosing. These intervals will appear as different hydrostratigraphic units in the model.  </p><p>In our work-flow, a merged three-dimensional seismic cube covering an area of approximately    50 x 40 km<sup>2</sup> was analyzed: 7 master horizons and several proportional slices were delineated in different attribute maps (e.g. amplitude, Root Mean Square amplitude, symmetry, similarity). These maps were generated to investigate the seismic geomorphological features and their associated depositional environments. Rock bodies were defined on the planform geometry of seismic attributes. Basic wireline logs (gamma, spontaneous potential, and resistivity) from 237 wells were interpreted simply in terms of sand, mud, and heterolithic muddy-sand, and finally were tied to the seismic cube. Lithology of rock bodies was determined with the help of well data. With this method, sandy deltaic lobes, sandy fluvial channel belts, and the muddy flood plains were identified. Based on the extension and density of sand bodies, percentages of sand vs clay (net-to-gross; N/G) as well as sand connectivity percentages were determined.</p><p>Above the deltaic succession, the fluvial depositional setting can be divided into three minor units. These units start with a meandering system, with 500-3600 m wide channel belts and a relatively high N/G. For an interval in the Pliocene about 350 m thick, a transition into an anastomosing river system is observed. This unit is characterized by channels about 100-200 m wide, with significantly lower N/G ratios and less connectedness. In the uppermost part of the succession, large meandering channel belts returned to the area. These changes in river style and paleo-hydrography affect the sand and clay ratio and their connectivity; therefore, definition of previous hydrostratigraphic units must be reconsidered. </p><p>This research is part of a project that has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 810980.</p>

Depositional environments and paleogeography in the Albian Moosebar Formation and adjacent fluvial Gladstone and Beaver Mines formations, Alberta

1984 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 698-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Taylor ◽  
Roger G. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Brackish Water ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Major Change ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Fluvial Deposits ◽  
Maximum Thickness ◽  
The North ◽  
Major Exception ◽  
Flow Directions ◽  
Sand Bodies

The marine Moosebar Formation (Albian) has a currently accepted southerly limit at Fall Creek (Ram River area). It consists of marine mudstones with some hummocky and swaley cross-stratified sandstones indicating a storm-dominated Moosebar (Clearwater) sea. We have traced a tongue of the Moosebar southward to the Elbow River area (150 km southeast of Fall Creek), where there is a brackish-water ostracod fauna. Paleoflow directions are essentially northwestward (vector mean 318°), roughly agreeing with turbidite sole marks (329°) in the Moosebar of northeastern British Columbia.The Moosebar sea transgressed southward over fluvial deposits of the Gladstone Formation. In the Gladstone, thick channel sands (4–8 m) are commonly multistorey (up to about 15 m), with well developed lateral accretion surfaces. The strike of the lateral accretion surfaces and the orientation of the walls of channels and scours indicate northwestward flow (various vector means in the range 307–339°). The Moosebar transgression was terminated by construction of the Beaver Mines floodplain, with thick, multistorey sand bodies up to about 35 m thick. Flow directions are variable, but various vector means roughly cluster in the north to northeast segment. This indicates a major change in dispersal direction from the Gladstone and Moosebar formations.A review of many Late Jurassic and Cretaceous units shows a dominant dispersal of sand parallel to regional strike. This flow is mostly north-northwestward (Passage beds, Cadomin, Gladstone, Moosebar, Gates, Chungo), with the southeasterly dispersal of the Cardium being the major exception. Only at times of maximum thickness of clastic input (Belly River and higher units, and possibly Kootenay but there are no published paleocurrent data) does the sediment disperse directly eastward or northeastward from the Cordillera toward the Plains.

Quantification of fluvial-peat interactions in the Pikeville formation Central Appalachian Basin, USA.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Wooldridge ◽  
Robert Duller ◽  
Rhodri Jerrett ◽  
Kyle Straub
Keyword(s):  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Appalachian Basin ◽  
River Channels ◽  
Channel Depth ◽  
Peat Accumulation ◽  
Floodplain River ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Well Data ◽  
Fluvial Architecture ◽  
Sand Bodies

<p>Basin-scale fluvial architecture is, to a large extent, determined by the ability of river systems to migrate and avulse across their own floodplain. River avulsion takes place when a river aggrades by one channel depth to achieve super-elevation above the surrounding floodplain. However, peat enhancement of floodplain aggradation is likely to affect this fluvial behaviour and has received little attention. The interaction between river channels and peat-dominated floodplains is likely to have the effect of inhibiting or prolonging the conditions required for river avulsion, and so will impact on basin scale architecture during prolonged peat accumulation on floodplains. To elucidate and quantify the nature of this channel-floodplain interaction we investigate the coal-bearing clastic interval of the Carboniferous Pikeville Formation, Central Appalachian Basin, USA. Using a combination of well data and outcrop data, two coal horizons and intervening sand bodies, were mapped across an area of 5700 km<sup>2</sup> to ascertain overall basin-scale architecture. Comparison of the accumulation rate of the coal units (corrected for decompaction) with the synchronously deposited sand bodies suggests that extensive and rapid peat accumulation can increase avulsion timescales by 3 orders of magnitude and dramatically alter basin-scale fluvial architecture.</p>

Temporal variations of the hydraulic conductivity characteristic under conventional and conservation tillage

Geoderma ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 362 ◽  
pp. 114127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janis Kreiselmeier ◽  
Parvathy Chandrasekhar ◽  
Thomas Weninger ◽  
Andreas Schwen ◽  
Stefan Julich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Temporal Variations

Late Neogene sedimentary facies and sequences in the Pannonian Basin, Hungary

1999 ◽  
Vol 156 (1) ◽  
pp. 335-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Juhász ◽  
L. Phillips ◽  
P. Müller ◽  
B. Ricketts ◽  
Á. Tóth-Makk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pannonian Basin ◽  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
Late Neogene

The Application of Facies Modeling Combination of Well Data and Seismic Data in G25-12 Block

2015 ◽  
Vol 733 ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
Jia Hui Wang ◽  
Hong Sheng Lv
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
Distribution Law ◽  
Skeleton Model ◽  
Facies Model ◽  
Body Distribution ◽  
Sand Body ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Single Well ◽  
Well Data ◽  
Sand Bodies

The main purpose of lithofacies modeling is to get the actual reservoir lithofacies skeleton model which is maximum approximation of the underground reservoir. The facies model can effectively solve the problem of predicting sand bodies between wells. At the same time, we still use the stochastic modeling method to build the facies model of unconstrained single well simulation and sedimentary facies controlled constrained simulation. We elected the model which is most consistent to the actual geological conditions, providing theoretical guidance for characterizing the interwell sand body distribution law and improving the accuracy of predicting sand bodies between wells, laiding the foundation for further exploration and development of oil reservoir.

scholarly journals Markov chains and entropy tests in genetic-based lithofacies analysis of deep-water clastic depositional systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Szabolcs Borka
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chains ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Pannonian Basin ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Hydrocarbon Reservoir ◽  
Depositional Processes ◽  
Chi Square Test

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between structural elements and the so-called genetic lithofacies in a clastic deep-water depositional system. Process-sedimentology has recently been gaining importance in the characterization of these systems. This way the recognized facies attributes can be associated with the depositional processes establishing the genetic lithofacies. In this paper this approach was presented through a case study of a Tertiary deep-water sequence of the Pannonian-basin.Of course it was necessary to interpret the stratigraphy of the sequences in terms of “general” sedimentology, focusing on the structural elements. For this purpose, well-logs and standard deep-water models were applied.The cyclicity of sedimentary sequences can be easily revealed by using Markov chains. Though Markov chain analysis has broad application in mainly fluvial depositional environments, its utilization is uncommon in deep-water systems. In this context genetic lithofacies was determined and analysed by embedded Markov chains. The randomness in the presence of a lithofacies within a cycle was estimated by entropy tests (entropy after depositional, before depositional, for the whole system). Subsequently the relationships between lithofacies were revealed and a depositional model (i.e. modal cycle) was produced with 90% confidence level of stationarity. The non-randomness of the latter was tested by chi-square test.The consequences coming from the comparison of “general” sequences (composed of architectural elements), the genetic-based sequences (showing the distributions of the genetic lithofacies) and the lithofacies relationships were discussed in details. This way main depositional channel has the best, channelized lobes have good potential hydrocarbon reservoir attributes, with symmetric alternation of persistent fine-grained sandstone (Facies D) and muddy fine-grained sandstone with traction structures (Facies F)

Reservoir Inhomogeneities of Some Recent Sand Bodies

1972 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 229-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne A. Pryor
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Beach Sand ◽  
Textural Characteristics ◽  
Dune Sands ◽  
Reservoir Characteristics ◽  
Beach Sands ◽  
Sandstone Reservoirs ◽  
Grain Sorting ◽  
Sand Bodies

Abstract Sandstone reservoirs are the results of long and frequently complex histories of geologic evolution. The combined processes of deposition, burial compaction diagenesis and structural deformation yield final reservoir bodies of widely varying geometries, permeability-porosity characteristics, and structural configurations that are difficult to predict. In unraveling the evolution of sandstone predict. In unraveling the evolution of sandstone reservoirs, it is necessary to have detailed knowledge of their initial depositional characteristics and of the post-depositional modifications impressed upon them. This knowledge can provide a rational basis in predicting the characteristics of reservoir bodies away from areas of data control. To present, little information pertaining to the reservoir characteristics of freshly deposited sand bodies bas been available. In an API-sponsored study, permeabilities, porosities, and textural properties were derived from 992 oriented and properties were derived from 992 oriented and undisturbed sand samples of river bars, beaches and dunes undergoing active sedimentation. River point-bar samples have permeabilities ranging from 4 md to more than 500 darcies and average 93 darcies. Porosities in the river point bars range from 17 to 52 percent and average 41 percent. Beach sand samples have a permeability percent. Beach sand samples have a permeability range of 3.6 to 166 darcies and average 68 darcies. Porosities in beach sands range from 39 to 56 Porosities in beach sands range from 39 to 56 percent and average 49 Percent. Permeability values percent and average 49 Percent. Permeability values in dune sands range from 5 to 104 darcies and average 54 darcies. Dune-sand porosities range from 42 to 55 percent and average 49 percent. Permeabilities in river-bar sands are extremely Permeabilities in river-bar sands are extremely variable compared with those of beaches and dunes. In river bars, permeability decreases systematically downstream and bankward. Although of low variability, permeabilities on beaches are low on the beach faces, high on the beach crests, and variable on the beach berm areas. Both river-bar and beach sands have well organized directional permeabilities, parallel to the length of the bodies permeabilities, parallel to the length of the bodies in river bars and perpendicular to the length of the bodies in beaches. Dunes are characterized by low variability in permeability and porosity and show no significant patterns or trends. There is greater variability within bedding and lamination packets than between them. In addition, the boundary conditions between bedding and lamination packets are important factors in determining the effective reservoir characteristics of sand bodies, to the extent that a bedding unit of higher permeability completely surrounded by units of lower permeability will not demonstrate its ultimate through-flow capabilities, but will have an effective permeability influenced by and largely determined by the lower permeabilities of the bounding units. River-bar sand bodies have a significantly different arrangement and variability between bedding units than do beaches or dunes. The ideal relationships between permeability-porosity and textural characteristics permeability-porosity and textural characteristics that various authors have set forth for artificially packed particles are only weakly demonstrated by packed particles are only weakly demonstrated by these natural sands from various depositional environments. In all three depositional environments, permeability increases with increase in grain permeability increases with increase in grain size and porosity increases with increase in grain sorting. However, in river-bar sands permeability increases as grain sorting increases and porosity increases as grain size increases, just the opposite of the relationships in beach-dune sands and in the artificially packed grain experiments. The underlying cause of these deviations is the different style of grain packing in the river-bar sands. Introduction Permeability and porosity are important characteristics of sand reservoir bodies; their magnitudes, patterns, and variabilities significantly influence the migration, accumulation, and distribution of fluids and gases in the reservoirs, and just as significantly determine the ability of reservoirs to release their fluids and gases to production stimulation. SPEJ P. 229

scholarly journals Hydrocarbon source rock potential of Miocene diatomaceous sequences in Szurdokpüspöki (Hungary) and Parisdorf/Limberg (Austria)

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-42
Author(s):  
Emilia Tulan ◽  
Michaela S. Radl ◽  
Reinhard F. Sachsenhofer ◽  
Gabor Tari ◽  
Jakub Witkowski
Keyword(s):  
Source Rock ◽  
Pannonian Basin ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Hydrocarbon Source Rock ◽  
Petroleum Potential ◽  
Northern Margin ◽  
Geochemical Parameters ◽  
Study Sites

AbstractDiatomaceous sediments are often prolific hydrocarbon source rocks. In the Paratethys area, diatomaceous rocks are widespread in the Oligo-Miocene strata. Diatomites from three locations, Szurdokpüspöki (Hungary) and Limberg and Parisdorf (Austria), were selected for this study, together with core materials from rocks underlying diatomites in the Limberg area. Bulk geochemical parameters (total organic carbon [TOC], carbonate and sulphur contents and hydrogen index [HI]) were determined for a total of 44 samples in order to study their petroleum potential. Additionally, 24 samples were prepared to investigate diatom assemblages.The middle Miocene diatomite from Szurdokpüspöki (Pannonian Basin) formed in a restricted basin near a volcanic silica source. The diatom-rich succession is separated by a rhyolitic tuff into a lower non-marine and an upper marine layer. An approximately 12-m thick interval in the lower part has been investigated. It contains carbonate-rich diatomaceous rocks with a fair to good oil potential (average TOC: 1.28% wt.; HI: 178 to 723 mg HC/g TOC) in its lower part and carbonate-free sediments without oil potential in its upper part (average TOC: 0.14% wt.). The composition of the well-preserved diatom flora supports a near-shore brackish environment. The studied succession is thermally immature. If mature, the carbonate-rich part of the succession may generate about 0.25 tons of hydrocarbons per square meter. The diatomaceous Limberg Member of the lower Miocene Zellerndorf Formation reflects upwelling along the northern margin of the Alpine-Carpathian Foreland. TOC contents are very low (average TOC: 0.13% wt.) and demonstrate that the Limberg Member is a very poor source rock. The same is true for the underlying and over-lying rocks of the Zellerndorf Formation (average TOC: 0.78% wt.). Diatom preservation was found to differ considerably between the study sites. The Szurdokpüspöki section is characterised by excellent diatom preservation, while the diatom valves from Parisdorf/Limberg are highly broken. One reason for this contrast could be the different depositional environments. Volcanic input is also likely to have contributed to the excellent diatom preservation in Szurdokpüspöki. In contrast, high-energy upwelling currents and wave action may have contributed to the poor diatom preservation in Parisdorf. The hydrocarbon potential of diatomaceous rocks of Oligocene (Chert Member; Western Carpathians) and Miocene ages (Groisenbach Member, Aflenz Basin; Kozakhurian sediments, Kaliakra canyon of the western Black Sea) has been studied previously. The comparison shows that diatomaceous rocks deposited in similar depositional settings may hold largely varying petroleum potential and that the petroleum potential is mainly controlled by local factors. For example, both the Kozakhurian sediments and the Limberg Member accumulated in upwelling environments but differ greatly in source rock potential. Moreover, the petroleum potential of the Szurdokpüspöki diatomite, the Chert Member and the Groisenbach Member differs greatly, although all units are deposited in silled basins.

scholarly journals Application of seismic attribute analysis in fluvial seismic geomorphology

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1009-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakhawat Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spectral Decomposition ◽  
Seismic Attributes ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Seismic Attribute ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Seismic Geomorphology ◽  
Sand Bodies ◽  
Attribute Analyses

AbstractSeismic attributes can be important predictors, either qualitative or quantitative, of reservoir geometries when they are correctly used in reservoir characterization studies. This paper discusses seismic attribute analyses and their usefulness in seismic geomorphology study of Moragot field of Pattani Basin, Gulf of Thailand. Early to Middle Miocene fluvial channel and overbank sands are the reservoirs in Pattani Basin. Due to their limited horizontal and vertical distribution, it is not always possible to predict the geometry and distribution of these sands based on the conventional seismic interpretation. This study utilized various seismic attributes, e.g., RMS amplitude analysis, spectral decomposition, semblance and dip-steered similarity, RGB blending to image the geometry and the spatial distribution of sand bodies in horizon and stratal slices at different stratigraphic intervals. Attribute analyses reveal, at shallow stratigraphic levels, RMS and semblance can successfully identify channel-shaped sand bodies and mud-filled channels associated with channel belts. On the other hand in deeper stratigraphic intervals, sand distribution can be imaged more effectively by using spectral decomposition and dip-steered similarity volumes. High-frequency spectral decomposition slices can image thin sands, and low-frequency slices can image thick sands quite effectively in deeper intervals. RGB blending of different frequency slices is particularly useful in delineating channel systems of various dimensions at deeper intervals. These images show the distribution of sands and mud-filled channels at various stratigraphic levels. The width of channel belts varies from 200 m to 3 km. These channel belts are N–S or NW–SE oriented. From the channel pattern and their dimensions, depositional environments can be predicted. Mud-filled channels identified in the horizon slices will act as a connectivity barrier between sand bodies at either side of the channel. They can also act as lateral and up-dip seal to form stratigraphic traps. The seismic attribute analyses clearly show the geometry and spatial distribution of sand bodies. Hence, this method for predicting sand body geometry might help in field development planning as well as in reducing exploration risk.

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