Peperitic lava lake-fed sills at Ság-hegy, western Hungary: A complex interaction of a wet tephra ring and lava

Myocardial ischemia is the consequence of an unbalance between coronary flow that can be achieved and myocardial metabolic needs. Pathological state of both epicardial and intramyocardial vessels may be responsible for inducing ischemia. However, revascularization decision should be based on the severity of each epicardial lesion that is evaluated. There are different diagnostic tools that may help for the evaluation of each compartment which is based on the measurement of coronary hemodynamics. Pressure-derived indices are recommended by current guidelines for evaluation of epicardial stenosis significance. We assess the complex interaction between hemodynamic parameters in order to understand how different parameters are influenced in the settings of microvascular dysfunction.

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Complex Interaction Among Immune, Inflammatory, and Carcinogenic Mechanisms in the Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

10.1007/5584_2021_626 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ana Caruntu ◽

Cristian Scheau ◽

Mircea Tampa ◽

Simona Roxana Georgescu ◽

Constantin Caruntu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Complex Interaction ◽

Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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Macrophages/Microglia in the Glioblastoma Tumor Microenvironment

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22115775 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (11) ◽

pp. 5775

Author(s):

Jun Ma ◽

Clark C. Chen ◽

Ming Li

Keyword(s):

Tumor Microenvironment ◽

Myeloid Cells ◽

Complex Interaction ◽

Key Factors ◽

Cell Markers ◽

Tumor Associated Macrophage ◽

Recent Advances ◽

Definition Of

The complex interaction between glioblastoma and its microenvironment has been recognized for decades. Among various immune profiles, the major population is tumor-associated macrophage, with microglia as its localized homolog. The present definition of such myeloid cells is based on a series of cell markers. These good sentinel cells experience significant changes, facilitating glioblastoma development and protecting it from therapeutic treatments. Huge, complicated mechanisms are involved during the overall processes. A lot of effort has been dedicated to crack the mysterious codes in macrophage/microglia recruiting, activating, reprogramming, and functioning. We have made our path. With more and more key factors identified, a lot of new therapeutic methods could be explored to break the ominous loop, to enhance tumor sensitivity to treatments, and to improve the prognosis of glioblastoma patients. However, it might be a synergistic system rather than a series of clear, stepwise events. There are still significant challenges before the light of truth can shine onto the field. Here, we summarize recent advances in this field, reviewing the path we have been on and where we are now.

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Many-Objective Optimization for Anomaly Detection on Multi-Layer Complex Interaction Networks

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11094005 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 4005

Author(s):

Asep Maulana ◽

Martin Atzmueller

Keyword(s):

Anomaly Detection ◽

Complex Networks ◽

Pareto Front ◽

Scoring Function ◽

Cyber Physical Systems ◽

Complex Interaction ◽

Interaction Networks ◽

Physical Systems ◽

Human Interactions ◽

Different Levels

Anomaly detection in complex networks is an important and challenging task in many application domains. Examples include analysis and sensemaking in human interactions, e.g., in (social) interaction networks, as well as the analysis of the behavior of complex technical and cyber-physical systems such as suspicious transactions/behavior in financial or routing networks; here, behavior and/or interactions typically also occur on different levels and layers. In this paper, we focus on detecting anomalies in such complex networks. In particular, we focus on multi-layer complex networks, where we consider the problem of finding sets of anomalous nodes for group anomaly detection. Our presented method is based on centrality-based many-objective optimization on multi-layer networks. Starting from the Pareto Front obtained via many-objective optimization, we rank anomaly candidates using the centrality information on all layers. This ranking is formalized via a scoring function, which estimates relative deviations of the node centralities, considering the density of the network and its respective layers. In a human-centered approach, anomalous sets of nodes can then be identified. A key feature of this approach is its interpretability and explainability, since we can directly assess anomalous nodes in the context of the network topology. We evaluate the proposed method using different datasets, including both synthetic as well as real-world network data. Our results demonstrate the efficacy of the presented approach.

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Beyond MPI

ACM SIGMOD Record ◽

10.1145/3456859.3456862 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 12-17

Author(s):

Feilong Liu ◽

Claude Barthels ◽

Spyros Blanas ◽

Hideaki Kimura ◽

Garret Swart

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Processing System ◽

Complex Interaction ◽

Remote Memory ◽

Interaction Patterns ◽

Round Trip ◽

Data Processing System ◽

Data Intensive ◽

Multiple Round ◽

Programming Interface

Networkswith Remote DirectMemoryAccess (RDMA) support are becoming increasingly common. RDMA, however, offers a limited programming interface to remote memory that consists of read, write and atomic operations. With RDMA alone, completing the most basic operations on remote data structures often requires multiple round-trips over the network. Data-intensive systems strongly desire higher-level communication abstractions that supportmore complex interaction patterns. A natural candidate to consider is MPI, the de facto standard for developing high-performance applications in the HPC community. This paper critically evaluates the communication primitives of MPI and shows that using MPI in the context of a data processing system comes with its own set of insurmountable challenges. Based on this analysis, we propose a new communication abstraction named RDMO, or Remote DirectMemory Operation, that dispatches a short sequence of reads, writes and atomic operations to remote memory and executes them in a single round-trip.

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