scholarly journals Coastal processes in the Russian Baltic (eastern Gulf of Finland and Kaliningrad area)

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. qjegh2020-036
Author(s):  
Daria Ryabchuk ◽  
Alexander Sergeev ◽  
Evgeny Burnashev ◽  
Viktor Khorikov ◽  
Igor Neevin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Storm Event ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Quaternary Deposits ◽  
Content Type ◽  
European Seas ◽  
Artificial Sediments

The results of both onshore and offshore monitoring of the coastal zone in the Russian Baltic reveal the high intensity and recent acceleration of coastal dynamics caused by an increasing frequency of extreme hydrodynamic events and anthropogenic impacts on the diverse geology. Stable coasts dominate in the eastern Gulf of Finland, but the local rate of shoreline recession is up to 2.0 m a−1, reaching 5 m in one extreme storm event. The coastal zone of the Kaliningrad area is diverse. The western coast of the Sambia Peninsula is controlled by anthropogenic influences linked to the exploitation of geological resources. The beaches advance when the supply of artificial sediments from opencast amber mines increases, whereas the shoreline retreat reaches 10–20 m a−1 when the input is interrupted. Active landslides and beach degradation dominate along the northern coast of the Sambia Peninsula. Large areas of pre-Quaternary deposits, outcrops and boulders in the nearshore provide evidence of sediment deficiency offshore. The coastal geological hazards are dependent on climate. A comprehensive understanding of the main trends in climate change is important for predicting and mitigating future damage to the coastal infrastructure and for selecting adaptation strategies.Thematic collection: This article is part of the Mapping the Geology and Topography of the European Seas (EMODnet) collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/EMODnet

scholarly journals Heavy metals in the bottom sediments of the coastal zone of the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland

2021 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 02015
Author(s):  
Valentina Kudryavtseva ◽  
Tatyana Shigaeva ◽  
Natalya Alekseeva
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Climatic Fluctuations ◽  
Massive Growth ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
The City ◽  
The Gulf Of Finland

For each summer from 2014 to 2019 the total concentrations of copper, zinc, cadmium, and lead in the surface layers of bottom sediments in the coastal zone of the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland were measured. The northern coast in the area of the city of Primorsk currently sees the rate of the pollution of surface-level bottom sediments with heavy metals decrease, although the concentration levels remain high. On the southern coast in the area of the city of Lomonosov the pollution of the bottom sediments is on the rise due to the ongoing construction of the Bronka seaport. In the Koporskaya and Grafskaya Bays a massive growth of macroalgae caused a further accumulation of metals in the bottom sediments, which are greatly impacted by climatic fluctuations.

THE ROLE OF REMOTE SENSING DATA FOR COASTAL ZONE MONITIORING AND MANAGEMENT (CASE STUDY FOR THE EAST PART OF GULF OF FINLAND)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikifor Ostanin ◽  
Nikifor Ostanin
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data

Coastal zone of the Eastern Gulf of Finland is subjected to essential natural and anthropogenic impact. The processes of abrasion and accumulation are predominant. While some coastal protection structures are old and ruined the problem of monitoring and coastal management is actual. Remotely sensed data is important component of geospatial information for coastal environment research. Rapid development of modern satellite remote sensing techniques and data processing algorithms made this data essential for monitoring and management. Multispectral imagers of modern high resolution satellites make it possible to produce advanced image processing, such as relative water depths estimation, sea-bottom classification and detection of changes in shallow water environment. In the framework of the project of development of new coast protection plan for the Kurortny District of St.-Petersburg a series of archival and modern satellite images were collected and analyzed. As a result several schemes of underwater parts of coastal zone and schemes of relative bathymetry for the key areas were produced. The comparative analysis of multi-temporal images allow us to reveal trends of environmental changes in the study areas. This information, compared with field observations, shows that remotely sensed data is useful and efficient for geospatial planning and development of new coast protection scheme.

scholarly journals Microbial Functional Responses to Cholesterol Catabolism in Denitrifying Sludge

mSystems ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Ting-Shyang Wei ◽  
Yu-Wei Wu ◽  
Tzong-Huei Lee ◽  
Yi-Shiang Huang ◽  
Cheng-Yu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Substrate Uptake ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rare Biosphere

ABSTRACTThe 2,3-secopathway, the pathway for anaerobic cholesterol degradation, has been established in the denitrifying betaproteobacteriumSterolibacterium denitrificans. However, knowledge of how microorganisms respond to cholesterol at the community level is elusive. Here, we applied mesocosm incubation and 16S rRNA sequencing to reveal that, in denitrifying sludge communities, three betaproteobacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with low (94% to 95%) 16S rRNA sequence similarity toStl. denitrificansare cholesterol degraders and members of the rare biosphere. Metatranscriptomic and metabolite analyses show that these degraders adopt the 2,3-secopathway to sequentially catalyze the side chain and sterane of cholesterol and that two molybdoenzymes—steroid C25 dehydrogenase and 1-testosterone dehydrogenase/hydratase—are crucial for these bioprocesses, respectively. The metatranscriptome further suggests that these betaproteobacterial degraders display chemotaxis and motility toward cholesterol and that FadL-like transporters may be the key components for substrate uptake. Also, these betaproteobacteria are capable of transporting micronutrients and synthesizing cofactors essential for cellular metabolism and cholesterol degradation; however, the required cobalamin is possibly provided by cobalamin-de novo-synthesizing gamma-, delta-, and betaproteobacteria via the salvage pathway. Overall, our results indicate that the ability to degrade cholesterol in sludge communities is reserved for certain rare biosphere members and that C25 dehydrogenase can serve as a biomarker for sterol degradation in anoxic environments.IMPORTANCESteroids are ubiquitous and abundant natural compounds that display recalcitrance. Biodegradation via sludge communities in wastewater treatment plants is the primary removal process for steroids. To date, compared to studies for aerobic steroid degradation, the knowledge of anaerobic degradation of steroids has been based on only a few model organisms. Due to the increase of anthropogenic impacts, steroid inputs may affect microbial diversity and functioning in ecosystems. Here, we first investigated microbial functional responses to cholesterol, the most abundant steroid in sludge, at the community level. Our metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses revealed that the capacities for cholesterol approach, uptake, and degradation are unique traits of certain low-abundance betaproteobacteria, indicating the importance of the rare biosphere in bioremediation. Apparent expression of genes involved in cofactorde novosynthesis and salvage pathways suggests that these micronutrients play important roles for cholesterol degradation in sludge communities.

scholarly journals The monitoring of the phytoplankton condition in the Luga Bay of the Gulf of Finland under natural and anthropogenic impacts

Trudy VNIRO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 149-163
Author(s):  
O. A. Liashenko ◽  
A. P. Pedchenko ◽  
O. N. Susloparova
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Fish Food ◽  
Biological Resources ◽  
Quantitative Development ◽  
Primary Producer ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Gulf Of Finland

The technogenic transformation of the ecosystem of the southeast part of Luga Bay water area (the second bay of the Baltic Sea) where Ust-Luga commercial seaport situated was determined by longstanding dredging, dumping and other types of anthropogenic impact. The development of phytoplankton as the main primary production former and the base of food reserve for aquatic biological resources was investigated during the monitoring of aquatic biological resources of the Luga Bay which was held due to the seaport construction. The investigation of phytoplankton content and development took part in the main seasons of the ice-free period of 2005–2018 in the water areas of dredging, damping, and adjacent areas. The maximum values of the phytoplankton abundance and biomass were detected in spring. The main part of biomass was formed by diatoms and dinoflagellates. The summer biomass mainly was lower than in spring and the proportion of cyanoprokaryotes (in some years also cryptophytes and green) increased. In autumn the biomass decreasing was continued, cyanoprokaryotes and cryptomonads dominated. The quantitative indicators of phytoplankton development were varied from year to year in all seasons of 2005–2018 but they kept in frames of values which previously observed for the water area of the Luga Bay. The influence of the Gulf of Finland water warming on phytoplankton development was not traced. The certain differences between the quantitative development and composition of the dominant phytoplankton complex on the water areas of dredging, damping, and adjacent areas weren’t observed. The average phytoplankton biomass for the ice-free period in the most part of years corresponds to the mesotrophic state of the Luga Bay water area. There was not a significant impact of dredging and dumping on the phytoplankton of the Luga Bay which indicates the stable state of its ecosystem primary producer and the preservation of the productional resource of the fish food base.

scholarly journals ABRASION IN THE EASTERN GULF OF FINLAND COASTAL ZONE AND ITS RELATION TO LONG-TERM TRENDS OF REGIME-FORMING FACTORS

2015 ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
D. V. Ryabchook ◽  
A. M. Кolesov ◽  
A. Yu. Sergeev ◽  
M. A. Spiridonov ◽  
V. A. Zhamoida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Long Term Trends

scholarly journals Effects of rainfall-runoff pollution on eutrophication in coastal zone: a case study in Shenzhen Bay, southern China

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1062-1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongliang Xu ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Xiuzhen Zhu ◽  
Mingfeng Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Storm Event ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Urban Catchments ◽  
Pollution Loads ◽  
Runoff Pollution

Abstract The concentration of human activities in coastal cities results in the increase of nutrient salts released into the coastal environment and is identified as a major environmental problem for coastal zone management. Large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus are transported by rainwater-runoff from urban catchments to coastal zones during episodic rainfall events inducing eutrophication problems and increasing the risk of red tide occurrence. This study used a coupled model based on the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) and Environment Fluid Dynamic Code (EFDC) to simulate the rainfall-runoff pollution load and its effects on eutrophication in Shenzhen Bay, southern China. A storm event of 2014 was used to build the modeling scenarios and thus analyzed the spatial-temporal variation of the rainfall-runoff pollution. The results indicated that: (i) rainfall-runoff pollution loads accounted for 60–80% of the total pollution loads, and rainfall-runoff pollution can result in a short-term impact pollution load on the receiving seawater body; (ii) the transportation of nutrient salts in the coastal zone and the nutrient salts absorbing process by algae are at different times, which suggests urban rainfall-runoff pollution has evidently an effect on variation of the concentration of chlorophyll-A in the bay, and with increasing distance to the city, the seawater body is gradually less affected by rainfall-runoff pollution.

scholarly journals Architecture of modern coastal development. Saint Petersburg realias and experience of Amsterdam, Rotterdam and Hamburg

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 05022
Author(s):  
Fedor Perov ◽  
Leonid Lavrov ◽  
Aleksandra Eremeeva
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Coastal Development ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
City Center ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
The City ◽  
The Gulf Of Finland

Results of the first stage of territory development in the Gulf of Finland near the western coast of Vasilyevsky Island in Saint Petersburg are rated unsatisfactory. Results in the field of aesthetics, ecology, social stability and functional arrangement of the urban environment on new lands are negative. According to the analysis of experience in coastal areas' reconstruction in Amsterdam, Rotterdam and Hamburg, ambitious goals that were set for the project in Saint Petersburg were not achieved due to defects of the urban planning system — there was no centralized project management, activities of contractors, who neglected exclusive potential of the coastal area and its proximity to the historical core of the city, were insufficiently coordinated and controlled. It is argued that this is due to inertia of the Saint Petersburg design and construction system. During many years, it was focused on large-scale residential development of vast peripheral territories and, therefore, it was not capable to resolve issues related to development of highly urbanized environment in the city center. Omissions made during construction of a highway through the residential area are identified. The highway design does not provide reliable protection against negative impact on residential quarters. The route of the highway was designed as a bypass of the city center, but it became the shortest route to the center. It is noted that further development will offer opportunities for partial correction of the errors made. The new management team of the city architectural services considers the territory perspective for expansion of the Saint Petersburg center towards the water area of the Gulf of Finland.

scholarly journals Reclaimed artificial coastal territories for the development of urban areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 01025
Author(s):  
Mikhail Shilin ◽  
Alexandra Ershova ◽  
Yuri Matveev ◽  
Nikolay Popov ◽  
Olga Mandryka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Side Scan Sonar ◽  
The North ◽  
Coastal Landscapes ◽  
Neva Bay

The article discusses the possibility and perspectives of using the reclaimed artificial areas in the coastal zone of marine estuaries for the sustainable development of urban infrastructure and creation of modern architectural ensembles with the background of green economy using the example of Lakhta-Center on the northern coast of the Neva Bay (St. Petersburg, Russia). The geo-ecological stability of underwater and coastal landscapes of the coastal zone of the Neva Bay is analyzed using side scan sonar. The environmental sensitivity of coastal ecosystems is estimated. The received data can be used on practice for planning the construction work and for the development of the infrastructure of urbanized coastal zone of the Neva Bay. The general geo-ecological situation in the observed area is rather stable. The coastal zone has good perspectives for the development of a sustainable urban infrastructure against the backdrop of the green economy. The special attention should be paid to migration of birds and fish, who are using the North Lakhta coast as a temporary refugium during Spring and Autumn migrations. An effective solution from both environmental and economic points of view could be the organization of the Nature Conservation Reserve, which is spatially associated with the Lakhta Center zone. Such type of the complex using of the coastal zone could be a good example of the spatial planning in the environmentally sensitive area.

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