Pulse localization networks with infrared camera

ABSTRACT Only a small number of exoplanets have been identified in stellar cluster environments. We initiated a high angular resolution direct imaging search using the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and its Near-Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) instrument for self-luminous giant planets in orbit around seven white dwarfs in the 625 Myr old nearby (≈45 pc) Hyades cluster. The observations were obtained with Near-Infrared Camera 1 (NIC1) in the F110W and F160W filters, and encompass two HST roll angles to facilitate angular differential imaging. The difference images were searched for companion candidates, and radially averaged contrast curves were computed. Though we achieve the lowest mass detection limits yet for angular separations ≥0.5 arcsec, no planetary mass companion to any of the seven white dwarfs, whose initial main-sequence masses were >2.8 M⊙, was found. Comparison with evolutionary models yields detection limits of ≈5–7 Jupiter masses (MJup) according to one model, and between 9 and ≈12 MJup according to another model, at physical separations corresponding to initial semimajor axis of ≥5–8 au (i.e. before the mass-loss events associated with the red and asymptotic giant branch phase of the host star). The study provides further evidence that initially dense cluster environments, which included O- and B-type stars, might not be highly conducive to the formation of massive circumstellar discs, and their transformation into giant planets (with m ≥ 6 MJup and a ≥6 au). This is in agreement with radial velocity surveys for exoplanets around G- and K-type giants, which did not find any planets around stars more massive than ≈3 M⊙.

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Ego-localization Robust for Illumination Condition Changes based on Far-infrared Camera and Millimeter-wave Radar Fusion

2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC) ◽

10.1109/itsc45102.2020.9294170 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Haruya Kyutoku ◽

Tokihiko Akita ◽

Seiichi Mita

Keyword(s):

Millimeter Wave ◽

Infrared Camera ◽

Far Infrared ◽

Illumination Condition ◽

Millimeter Wave Radar ◽

Wave Radar

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Development of a Field Deployable Firebrand Flux and Condition Measurement System

Fire Technology ◽

10.1007/s10694-020-01074-x ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Simone Zen ◽

Jan C. Thomas ◽

Eric V. Mueller ◽

Bhisham Dhurandher ◽

Michael Gallagher ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Imaging Techniques ◽

Time History ◽

Infrared Camera ◽

Thermal Conditions ◽

Particle Characterization ◽

Fire Dynamics ◽

Rate Of Spread ◽

New Instrument ◽

History Of

AbstractA new instrument to quantify firebrand dynamics during fires with particular focus on those associated with the Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) has been developed. During WUI fires, firebrands can ignite spot fires, which can rapidly increase the rate of spread (ROS) of the fire, provide a mechanism by which the fire can pass over firebreaks and are the leading cause of structure ignitions. Despite this key role in driving wildfire dynamics and hazards, difficulties in collecting firebrands in the field and preserving their physical condition (e.g. dimensions and temperature) have limited the development of knowledge of firebrand dynamics. In this work we present a new, field-deployable diagnostic tool, an emberometer, designed to provide measurement of firebrand fluxes and information on both the geometry and the thermal conditions of firebrands immediately before deposition by combining a visual and infrared camera. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to calibrate and validate the developed imaging techniques. The emberometer was then deployed in the field to explore firebrand fluxes and particle conditions for a range of fire intensities in natural pine forest environments. In addition to firebrand particle characterization, field observations with the emberometer enabled detailed time history of deposition (i.e. firebrand flux) relative to concurrent in situ fire behaviour observations. We highlight that deposition was characterised by intense, short duration “showers” that can be reasonably associated to spikes in the average fire line intensity. The results presented illustrate the potential use of an emberometer in studying firebrand and spot fire dynamics.

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Supermicrosurgical Suture-Stent Technique for A Lymphaticovenular Bypass

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10122595 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 2595

Author(s):

Ryo Karakawa ◽

Hidehiko Yoshimatsu ◽

Keisuke Kamiya ◽

Yuma Fuse ◽

Tomoyuki Yano

Keyword(s):

Lower Extremity ◽

Success Rate ◽

Infrared Camera ◽

Conventional Technique ◽

Minimal Risk ◽

Exclusion Criteria ◽

Back Wall ◽

Camera System ◽

Good Patency

Background: Lymphaticovenular anastomosis (LVA) is a challenging procedure and requires a sophisticated supermicrosurgical technique. The aim of this study was to evaluate and establish a discrete supermicrosurgical anastomosis method using the “suture-stent technique”. Methods: Forty-eight LVA sites of twenty patients with lower extremity lymphedema who had undergone LVA between July 2020 and January 2021 were included in this study. LVA was performed with the conventional technique or with the suture-stent technique. The patency of the anastomoses was evaluated using an infrared camera system intraoperatively. The success rate on the first try and the final success rate for each group were compared. Results: After full application of the exclusion criteria, 35 LVAs of 16 patients including 20 limbs were included in the analysis. The ratio of good patency findings after anastomosis in the suture-stent technique group was 100%. The incidences of leakage or occlusion on the first try were statistically greater in the conventional technique group (29.4%) than in the suture-stent technique group (0%) (p = 0.0191). All anastomoses achieved good patency in the final results. Conclusion: With its minimal risk of catching the back wall during the anastomosis, the suture-stent technique can be considered an optimal anastomosis option for LVA.

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Investigation of thermal changes in the thyroid gland region of individuals with hypothyroidism and fibromyalgia by analyzing the temperature of brown adipose tissue

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-85974-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ana Paula Christakis Costa ◽

Joaquim Miguel Maia ◽

Marcos Leal Brioschi ◽

José Eduardo de Melo Mafra Machado

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Thyroid Gland ◽

Brown Adipose Tissue ◽

Electronic Medical Records ◽

Medical Records ◽

Infrared Camera ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Brown Adipose ◽

Thermal Changes ◽

And Control

AbstractThis exploratory retrospective study aims to investigate the thermal changes in the thyroid gland region of patients with hypothyroidism and fibromyalgia by analyzing the temperature of the brown adipose tissue (BAT). A total of 166 individuals from 1000 thermographic electronic medical records were classified into four groups: Group HP + FM-50 individuals with hypothyroidism and fibromyalgia; Group FM-56 individuals with fibromyalgia only; Group HP-30 individuals with hypothyroidism only, and Group Control-30 healthy individuals. The thermal images from the electronic medical records were acquired by a FLIR T650SC infrared camera (used for thermometry) and the temperature data for each group were statistically analyzed. Group HP + FM showed r = 0, meaning that the average temperatures of the thyroid and BAT are independent of each other. Groups FM, HP and Control showed r = 1, meaning that the average temperatures of the thyroid and BAT were directly related. Our findings showed that the average temperatures of the thyroid and BAT regions are similar. Also, there was no correlation between thyroid gland temperature and the presence of hypothyroidism or fibromyalgia using thermometry.

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A thermophysical and dynamical study of the Hildas (1162) Larissa and (1911) Schubart

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society ◽

10.1093/mnras/stab251 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Cristian F Chavez ◽

T G Müller ◽

J P Marshall ◽

J Horner ◽

H Drass ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Inertia ◽

Infrared Camera ◽

Asteroid Belt ◽

Effective Diameter ◽

Early Solar System ◽

Dynamical Study ◽

Axis Ratio ◽

Ellipsoidal Shape ◽

Dynamical Simulations ◽

Taxonomical Classification

Abstract The Hilda asteroids are among the least studied populations in the asteroid belt, despite their potential importance as markers of Jupiter’s migration in the early Solar system. We present new mid-infrared observations of two notable Hildas, (1162) Larissa and (1911) Schubart, obtained using the Faint Object infraRed CAmera for the SOFIA Telescope (FORCAST), and use these to characterise their thermal inertia and physical properties. For (1162) Larissa, we obtain an effective diameter of 46.5$^{+2.3}_{-1.7}$ km, an albedo of 0.12 ± 0.02, and a thermal inertia of 15$^{+10}_{-8}$ Jm−2s1/2K−1. In addition, our Larissa thermal measurements are well matched with an ellipsoidal shape with an axis ratio a/b=1.2 for the most-likely spin properties. Our modelling of (1911) Schubart is not as refined, but the thermal data point towards a high-obliquity spin-pole, with a best-fit a/b=1.3 ellipsoidal shape. This spin-shape solution is yielding a diameter of 72$^{+3}_{-4}$ km, an albedo of 0.039± 0.02, and a thermal inertia below 30 Jm−2s1/2K−1 (or 10$^{+20}_{-5}$ Jm−2s1/2K−1). As with (1162) Larissa, our results suggest that (1911) Schubart is aspherical, and likely elongated in shape. Detailed dynamical simulations of the two Hildas reveal that both exhibit strong dynamical stability, behaviour that suggests that they are primordial, rather than captured objects. The differences in their albedos, along with their divergent taxonomical classification, suggests that despite their common origin, the two have experienced markedly different histories.

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