Historical Contingency in Community Assembly: Integrating Niches, Species Pools, and Priority Effects

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadashi Fukami
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Priority Effects ◽  
Historical Contingency ◽  
Species Pools

scholarly journals Integrating succession and community assembly perspectives

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Chang ◽  
Janneke HilleRisLambers
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Priority Effects ◽  
Historical Contingency ◽  
Environmental Filters ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Temporal Perspective ◽  
Modern Analytical

Succession and community assembly research overlap in many respects, such as through their focus on how ecological processes like dispersal, environmental filters, and biotic interactions influence community structure. Indeed, many recent advances have been made by successional studies that draw on modern analytical techniques introduced by contemporary community assembly studies. However, community assembly studies generally lack a temporal perspective, both on how the forces structuring communities might change over time and on how historical contingency (e.g. priority effects and legacy effects) and complex transitions (e.g. threshold effects) might alter community trajectories. We believe a full understanding of the complex interacting processes that shape community dynamics across large temporal scales can best be achieved by combining concepts, tools, and study systems into an integrated conceptual framework that draws upon both succession and community assembly theory.

scholarly journals Experimental evaluation of the importance of colonization history in early-life gut microbiota assembly

eLife ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inés Martínez ◽  
Maria X Maldonado-Gomez ◽  
João Carlos Gomes-Neto ◽  
Hatem Kittana ◽  
Hua Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Adaptive Immune System ◽  
Priority Effects ◽  
Historical Contingency ◽  
Measurable Effect ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Colonization History ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Ecological Success

The factors that govern assembly of the gut microbiota are insufficiently understood. Here, we test the hypothesis that inter-individual microbiota variation can arise solely from differences in the order and timing by which the gut is colonized early in life. Experiments in which mice were inoculated in sequence either with two complex seed communities or a cocktail of four bacterial strains and a seed community revealed that colonization order influenced both the outcome of community assembly and the ecological success of individual colonizers. Historical contingency and priority effects also occurred in Rag1-/- mice, suggesting that the adaptive immune system is not a major contributor to these processes. In conclusion, this study established a measurable effect of colonization history on gut microbiota assembly in a model in which host and environmental factors were strictly controlled, illuminating a potential cause for the high levels of unexplained individuality in host-associated microbial communities.

Conservation and Restoration of Grasslands

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Wilsey
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Priority Effects ◽  
Woody Plant Encroachment ◽  
Humpty Dumpty ◽  
Alternate States ◽  
Density And Biomass ◽  
Acid Test ◽  
Stocking Rates

Conservation programs alter herbivore stocking rates and find and protect the remaining areas that have not been plowed or converted to crops. Restoration is an ‘Acid Test’ for ecology. If we fully understand how grassland systems function and assemble after disturbance, then it should be easy to restore them after they have been degraded or destroyed. Alternatively, the idea that restorations will not be equivalent to remnants has been termed the ‘Humpty Dumpty’ hypothesis—once lost, it cannot be put back together again. Community assembly may follow rules, and if these rules are uncovered, then we may be able to accurately predict final species composition after assembly. Priority effects are sometimes found depending on species arrival orders, and they can result in alternate states. Woody plant encroachment is the increase in density and biomass of woody plants, and it is strongly affecting grassland C and water cycles.

scholarly journals Historical contingency impacts on community assembly and ecosystem function in chemosynthetic marine ecosystems

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitri Kalenitchenko ◽  
Erwan Peru ◽  
Pierre E. Galand
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Historical Contingency ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Species Sorting ◽  
Environmental Selection ◽  
Microbial Community Assembly

AbstractPredicting ecosystem functioning requires an understanding of the mechanisms that drive microbial community assembly. Many studies have explored microbial diversity extensively and environmental factors are thought to be the principal drivers of community composition. Community assembly is, however, also influenced by past conditions that might affect present-day assemblages. Historical events, called legacy effects or historical contingencies, remain poorly studied in the sea and their impact on the functioning of the communities is not known. We tested the influence, if any, of historical contingencies on contemporary community assembly and functions in a marine ecosystem. To do so, we verified if different inoculum communities colonizing the same substrate led to communities with different compositions. We inoculated wood with sea water microbes from different marine environments that differ in ecological and evolutionary history. Using 16S rRNA and metagenomic sequencing, it was demonstrated that historical contingencies change the composition and potential metabolisms of contemporary communities. The effect of historical events was transient, dominated by environmental selection as, over time, species sorting was a more important driver of community assembly. Our study shows not only that historical contingencies affect marine ecosystems but takes the analysis a step further by characterizing this effect as strong but transient.

scholarly journals 7000 years of turnover: historical contingency and human niche construction shape the Caribbean's Anthropocene biota

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1927) ◽  
pp. 20200447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa E. Kemp ◽  
Alexis M. Mychajliw ◽  
Jenna Wadman ◽  
Amy Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Priority Effects ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Historical Contingency ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Species Introductions ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Caribbean

The human-mediated movement of species across biogeographic boundaries—whether intentional or accidental—is dramatically reshaping the modern world. Yet humans have been reshaping ecosystems and translocating species for millennia, and acknowledging the deeper roots of these phenomena is important for contextualizing present-day biodiversity loss, ecosystem functioning and management needs. Here, we present the first database of terrestrial vertebrate species introductions spanning the entire anthropogenic history of a system: the Caribbean. We employ this approximately 7000-year dataset to assess the roles of historical contingency and priority effects in shaping present-day community structure and conservation outcomes, finding that serial human colonization events contributed to habitat modifications and species extinctions that shaped the trajectories of subsequent species introductions by other human groups. We contextualized spatial and temporal patterns of species introductions within cultural practices and population histories of Indigenous, colonial and modern human societies, and show that the taxonomic and biogeographic diversity of introduced species reflects diversifying reasons for species introductions through time. Recognition of the complex social and economic structures across the 7000-year human history of the Caribbean provides the necessary context for interpreting the formation of an Anthropocene biota.

Disentangling the roles of diversity resistance and priority effects in community assembly

Oecologia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 182 (3) ◽  
pp. 865-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duarte S. Viana ◽  
Bertha Cid ◽  
Jordi Figuerola ◽  
Luis Santamaría
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Priority Effects

scholarly journals MICROBE-MEDIATED PLANT–SOIL FEEDBACK CAUSES HISTORICAL CONTINGENCY EFFECTS IN PLANT COMMUNITY ASSEMBLY

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Kardol ◽  
Nelleke J. Cornips ◽  
Monique M. L. van Kempen ◽  
J. M. Tanja Bakx-Schotman ◽  
Wim H. van der Putten
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Historical Contingency ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Soil Feedback ◽  
Plant Community Assembly

scholarly journals Ecosystem size-induced environmental fluctuations affect the temporal dynamics of community assembly mechanisms

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raven L Bier ◽  
Máté Vass ◽  
Anna J Székely ◽  
Silke Langenheder
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Dispersal Limitation ◽  
Priority Effects ◽  
Environmental Fluctuation ◽  
Species Sorting ◽  
Ecosystem Size ◽  
Environmental Fluctuations ◽  
Over Time

Understanding processes that determine community membership and abundance is important for many fields from theoretical community ecology to conservation. However, spatial community studies are often conducted only at a single timepoint despite the known influence of temporal variability on community assembly processes. Here we used a spatiotemporal study to determine how environmental fluctuation differences induced by mesocosm volumes (larger volumes were more stable) influence assembly processes of aquatic bacterial metacommunities along a press disturbance gradient. By combining path analysis and network approaches, we found mesocosm size categories had distinct relative influences of assembly process and environmental factors that determined spatiotemporal bacterial community composition, including dispersal and species sorting by conductivity. These processes depended on, but were not affected proportionately by, mesocosm size. Low fluctuation, large mesocosms primarily developed through the interplay of species sorting that became more important over time and transient priority effects as evidenced by more time-delayed associations. High fluctuation, small mesocosms had regular disruptions to species sorting and greater importance of ecological drift and dispersal limitation indicated by lower richness and higher taxa replacement. Together, these results emphasize that environmental fluctuations influence ecosystems over time and its impacts are modified by biotic properties intrinsic to ecosystem size.

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