Flexprint Substrate Enzyme Sensor for Determination of Daily Glucose-Profiles of Diabetic Patients

1. Percutaneous needle biopsy specimens of liver were obtained from alcoholic, diabetic and control patients. Micro-methods of lipid separation and quantification were employed to determine the detailed nature of hepatic lipid. 2. Triglyceride is the major accumulating liver lipid in both alcoholic and diabetic patients. Cholesteryl ester levels were raised in both alcoholic and diabetic patients but only diabetic patients had significantly increased free cholesterol and phospholipid levels. Determination of phospholipid/free cholesterol ratios revealed a significant decrease in alcoholic cirrhosis compared with controls. 3. Fatty acid ester analysis of hepatic phospholipid and triglyceride revealed significant differences between alcoholic patients and controls but not between diabetic patients and controls. An increased ratio of non-essential/essential fatty acids was found in the patients with alcoholic liver disease whereas those of diabetic patients were similar to the controls.

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Determination of 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels in type-2 diabetic patients by high performance liquid chromatography

Journal of Bioequivalence & Bioavailability ◽

10.4172/0975-0851.s1.019 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol s1 (01) ◽

Author(s):

Al Nemer

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

High Performance ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

25 Hydroxy Vitamin D ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

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Head-space gas-chromatographic determination of 3-hydroxybutyrate in plasma after enzymic reactions, and the relationship among the three ketone bodies.

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/31.4.596 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 596-598 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

M Kimura ◽

K Kobayashi ◽

A Matsuoka ◽

K Hayashi ◽

Y Kimura

Keyword(s):

Ketone Bodies ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Chromatographic Determination ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Head Space ◽

Analytical Recovery ◽

Acetoacetate Decarboxylase ◽

Reproducible Method ◽

The Relationship

Abstract In this sensitive, reproducible method for determination of D-3-hydroxybutyrate (3-OHB) in plasma, it is converted to acetone by use of 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.30)/lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27) coupled with acetoacetate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.4). The resulting acetone is detected by head-space gas chromatography. The lowest concentration of 3-OHB detectable in plasma was 2 mumol/L. The calibration curve showed a linear relationship for 3-OHB concentration from 0 to 5 mmol/L (r = 0.999). Analytical recovery of 3-OHB (50 mumol/L) was 97.9 (SD 3.8)%. The method was developed for determination of the three ketone bodies in plasma. The ratio of acetone to acetoacetate was not significantly different (p greater than 0.2) between normals (n = 31) and diabetics (n = 86). In normal subjects, the ratio of 3-OHB to acetoacetate was 1.20 (SD 0.44). In diabetic patients, the ratio correlated with the logarithm of the total ketone body concentration (r = 0.828).

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Photometric determination of glycosylation of hemoglobin in diabetes mellitus.

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/26.12.1683 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 26 (12) ◽

pp. 1683-1687 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

C V Subramaniam ◽

B Radhakrishnamurthy ◽

G S Berenson

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Concentration ◽

Blood Glucose Control ◽

Hemoglobin Concentration ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Photometric Determination ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Wide Range ◽

Average Blood Glucose

Abstract We evaluated glycosylation of hemoglobin (HbA + HbA1) in 25 control subjects and in 133 diabetic patients who were in various stages of blood glucose control, by measuring ketoamine-linked hexoses in hemoglobin. These hexoses were converted by digestion with 10 mol/L acetic acid for 16 h at 100 +/- 5 degrees C to 5-hydroxymethylfurfuraldehyde, which was quantitated by reaction with 2-thiobarbituric acid. Glycosylation of hemoglobin was expressed as micromoles of hydroxymethylfurfuraldehyde per gram of globin protein (the "HMF index"). A mean HMF index of 1.67 (SD = 0.23) was obtained for controls; that for diabetic patients was 2.93 (SD 0.95). The index correlated well (r = 0.83, p < 0.001) with average blood glucose concentration as measured during the preceding 16 weeks, over a wide range of glucose values (1 to 6 g/L). It correlated even better (r = 0.92, p < 0.001) when corrected for variations in hemoglobin concentration. Thus measurement of ketoamine-linked hexoses of hemoglobin or HMF index provides an independent and useful alternative to the currently used methods that measure only HbA1 or HbA1c.

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