Smart Grid Advanced Control Modules for Hybrid Fuel Cell/Gas Turbine Power Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 285-290
Author(s):  
Michael D. Lukas ◽  
Hossein Ghezel-Ayagh
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Smart Grid ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Advanced Control ◽  
Control Modules

Advanced Control for Clusters of SOFC/Gas Turbine Hybrid Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iacopo Rossi ◽  
Valentina Zaccaria ◽  
Alberto Traverso
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Target System ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Advanced Control ◽  
Complex Target

The use of model predictive control (MPC) in advanced power systems can be advantageous in controlling highly coupled variables and optimizing system operations. Solid oxide fuel cell/gas turbine (SOFC/GT) hybrids are an example where advanced control techniques can be effectively applied. For example, to manage load distribution among several identical generation units characterized by different temperature distributions due to different degradation paths of the fuel cell stacks. When implementing an MPC, a critical aspect is the trade-off between model accuracy and simplicity, the latter related to a fast computational time. In this work, a hybrid physical and numerical approach was used to reduce the number of states necessary to describe such complex target system. The reduced number of states in the model and the simple framework allow real-time performance and potential extension to a wide range of power plants for industrial application, at the expense of accuracy losses, discussed in the paper.

Assessment of the Potential of Combined Micro Gas Turbine and High Temperature Fuel Cell Systems

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieter Bohn ◽  
Nathalie Po¨ppe ◽  
Joachim Lepers
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Cell Systems ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Technological Assessment

The present paper reports a detailed technological assessment of two concepts of integrated micro gas turbine and high temperature (SOFC) fuel cell systems. The first concept is the coupling of micro gas turbines and fuel cells with heat exchangers, maximising availability of each component by the option for easy stand-alone operation. The second concept considers a direct coupling of both components and a pressurised operation of the fuel cell, yielding additional efficiency augmentation. Based on state-of-the-art technology of micro gas turbines and solid oxide fuel cells, the paper analyses effects of advanced cycle parameters based on future material improvements on the performance of 300–400 kW combined micro gas turbine and fuel cell power plants. Results show a major potential for future increase of net efficiencies of such power plants utilising advanced materials yet to be developed. For small sized plants under consideration, potential net efficiencies around 70% were determined. This implies possible power-to-heat-ratios around 9.1 being a basis for efficient utilisation of this technology in decentralised CHP applications.

Comparative Analysis of Conventional and Fuel Cell-Based Gas Turbine Power Plants

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Gadalla ◽  
Nabil Al Aid
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Power Cycles ◽  
Technical Management ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Gas Turbine Power Plant

The purpose of this paper is to conduct a complete comparative, energy and 2nd low analyses between different types of fuel cells integrated with a gas turbine power plant. Different levels of modeling for the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) and the integrated systems are to be presented. The overall system performance is analyzed by employing individual models and further applying energy and exergetic analyses for different configurations of gas turbine power cycles. The study includes applying different proposed methods and techniques to enhance the overall efficiency of the integrated cycle. After performing the complete technical management of the complete system, a comparative study between conventional and PEMFC and SOFC cycles is investigated to highlight the corresponding advantages and disadvantages of each system. The following systems are tested and evaluated: (a) Conventional Gas Turbine System with a combustion Chamber (b) Integrated SOFC Stack into a Gas Turbine System (c) The Proposed Integrated System with both SOFC and PEMFC.

Fuel cell system modeling for solid oxide fuel cell/gas turbine hybrid power plants, Part I: Modeling and simulation framework

2011 ◽  
Vol 196 (3) ◽  
pp. 1205-1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Leucht ◽  
Wolfgang G. Bessler ◽  
Josef Kallo ◽  
K. Andreas Friedrich ◽  
H. Müller-Steinhagen
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Simulation Framework ◽  
Fuel Cell System ◽  
Hybrid Power

Hybrid Heat Engines: The Power Generation Systems of the Future

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbie Layne ◽  
Scott Samuelsen ◽  
Mark Williams ◽  
Patricia Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Heat Engine ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Heat Engines ◽  
Hybrid Concept ◽  
Hybrid Program ◽  
Power Generation Systems

A hybrid heat engine results from the fusion of a heat engine with a non-heat-engine based cycle (unlike systems). The term combined cycle, which refers to similar arrangements, is reserved for the combination of two or more heat engines (like systems). The resulting product of the integration of a gas turbine and a fuel cell is referred to here as a hybrid heat engine or “Hybrid” for short. The intent of this paper is to provide, to the gas turbine community, a review of the present status of hybrid heat engine technologies. Current and projected activities associated with this emerging concept are also presented. The National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) is collaborating with other sponsors and the private sector to develop a Hybrid Program. This program will address the issues of technology development, integration, and ultimately the demonstration of what may be the most efficient of power plants in the world — the Hybrid System. Analyses of several Hybrid concepts have indicated the potential of ultra-high efficiencies (approaching 80%). In the Hybrid, the synergism between the gas turbine and fuel cell provides higher efficiencies and lower costs than either system can alone. Testing of the first Hybrid concept has been initiated at the National Fuel Cell Research Center (NFCRC).

Parameter Optimization on Combined Gas Turbine-Fuel Cell Power Plants

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer Kurz
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Turbine Efficiency ◽  
Compressor Pressure Ratio ◽  
Turbine Design ◽  
Cycle Efficiency ◽  
Compressor Efficiency

A thermodynamic model for a gas turbine-fuel cell hybrid is created and described in the paper. The effects of gas turbine design parameters such as compressor pressure ratio, compressor efficiency, turbine efficiency, and mass flow are considered. The model allows to simulate the effects of fuel cell design parameters such as operating temperature, pressure, fuel utilization, and current density on the cycle efficiency. This paper discusses, based on a parametric study, optimum design parameters for a hybrid gas turbine. Because it is desirable to use existing gas turbine designs for the hybrids, the requirements for this hybridization are considered. Based on performance data for a typical 1600hp industrial single shaft gas turbine, a model to predict the off-design performance is developed. In the paper, two complementary studies are performed: The first study attempts to determine the range of cycle parameters that will lead to a reasonable cycle efficiency. Next, an existing gas turbine, that fits into the previously established range of parameters, will be studied in more detail. Conclusions from this paper include the feasibility of using existing gas turbine designs for the proposed cycle.

Advances in Direct Fuel Cell/Gas Turbine Power Plants

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Ghezel-Ayagh ◽  
Joseph M. Daly ◽  
Zhao-Hui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Hybrid Power Systems ◽  
Fuel Cell Stack ◽  
T System

This paper summarizes the recent progress in the development of hybrid power systems based on Direct FuelCell/Turbine® (DFC/T®). The DFC/T system is capable of achieving efficiencies well in excess of state-of-the-art gas turbine combined cycle power plants but in much smaller size plants. The advances include the execution of proof-of-concept tests of a fuel cell stack integrated with a microturbine. The DFC/T design concept has also been extended to include the existing gas turbine technologies as well as more advanced ones. This paper presents the results of successful sub-MW proof-of-concept testing, sub-MW field demonstration plans, and parametric analysis of multi-MW DFC/T power plant cycle.

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