A People’s process: Post-tsunami self-build housing in Tamilnadu (2005-08)

This essay elucidates some of the lessons learnt from the community participatory process adopted by Artes, in the Post- Tsunami housing reconstruction project at Nagapatinam, Tamilnadu (2005-08). The program was a self-build process, respectful of gender. A pragmatic assessment of regional technologies, materials and skills was undertaken. The technological assessment was conducted by the community, in collaboration with structural engineers. Projects under consideration are in Sirkazhi Taluk and Akkaraipettai, Nagapatinam region in Tamilnadu, which had been adversely affected. The projects were nominated as best practices by the UNDP, India (2008) for community participatory processes. It inspired a new sense of belonging and confidence in the community. Besides indigenous construction practices, the community was provided an opportunity to learn new construction skills that they desired, which were beneficial in the longer term. The new construction skill sets ensured the community was independent to build their own dwellings incrementally in later years. The community was no more at the mercy of external contractors. The design of the dwellings also enabled future incremental growth. This research highlights some of the lessons in capacity building of communities; using construction skills to enable them to rebuild their own homes, as well as be self-reliant in future extensions and additions

Analysis of the effectiveness of dual injection at Kalamkas field

The article analyzes the results of pilot field tests and the technological assessment of the introduction of technology for simultaneous and separate injection at Kalamkas field of Mangystaumunaigas JSC. The functional tasks of simultaneous-separate injection and the requirements for the technical conditions of the equipment used for transfer to simultaneous-separate injection are considered A relevant and significant point in the implementation of technology for simultaneous-separate injection is that the injection into two layers is carried out through one wellbore using special equipment, the main element of which is a packer that separates the layers from each other and provides the possibility of operating each of them in accordance with the specified technological mode.

ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING ROUTE NETWORK OF THE CITY OF MARHANETS

Purpose. The purpose of the work is to determine the directions for improvement the methods of formation of structures of track development of railway stations and their technical and technological assessment. Method. To determine the areas for improvement the methods of forming structures of track development of railway stations and their technical and technological evaluation, it is necessary to analyze the known scientific approaches, identify their weaknesses and strengths. Based on the analysis of these approaches to develop generalized procedures for the formation of rational structures of track development and evaluation of technical and technological parameters of railway stations. To develop the first procedure, it is necessary to choose the optimization criterion. Results. The paper analyzes the known scientific approaches to the formation of structures of track development of railway stations and their technical and technological evaluation. As a result, it was determined that the most effective way to calculate the design parameters of railway stations is to use automated design procedures, effective ways to calculate technological parameters and evaluate design decisions is to use simulation methods. The generalized procedures of formation of rational designs of track development of railway stations and their technical and technological estimation are offered. Scientific and practical significance. Improved procedures for the formation of rational structures of track development of railway stations and their technical and technological evaluation, which in contrast to the existing ones are based on determining the costs of the railway station with the cumulative total for the calculation period or project life cycle. The implementation of rational design solutions will ensure the implementation of the specified size of train and shunting operations of railway stations with a sufficient reserve of capacity and minimum costs. In addition, the results of technical and technological assessment of track development structures can be the basis for adjusting certain requirements for the construction of station necks.

Breeding of industrial hemp with a high content of cannabigerol by the case of ‘Vik 2020’ cultivar

To create an industrial hemp variety of the Central European ecological and geographical type with a high cannabigerol content and universal application. Methods. Breeding (self-pollination, creation of artificial populations, selection), field, biochemical (thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatography of cannabinoid compounds), instrumental and technological assessment of fibre quality, and statistical methods. Results. Variety ‘Vik 2020’ was obtained as a result of creation of artificial populations. The plants are characterized by higher content of cannabigerol (1.034 ± 0.0323%), and almost zero of other secondary metabolites, such as cannabidivarin, cannabidiol, cannabichromene and psychotropic tetrahydrocannabinol (0.003 ± 0.0011; 0.018 ± 0.0080; 0.012 ± 0.0027, and 0.005 ± 0.0012%, respectively). The t rait of cannabigerol content is quite stable within the population and is not correlated with the trait of tetrahydrocannabinol content (r = -0.23). TLC showed that cannabigerol accumulated mainly in the form of cannabigerolic acid and to a lesser extent as a neutral compound, which is consistent with the theory that this substance is a precursor for the synthesis of other cannabinoids. According to the results of the competitive variety test, when growing to obtain fibre and seeds, the variety features short height, specifically significantly lower total (206.4 cm) and technical stem length (135.6 cm) compared to the standard variety, significantly higher inflorescence length (70.8 cm), which determine the formation of the significant yield of biomass suitable for pharmaceutical use and high seed yield (0.98 t/ha). The yield of total fibre was the same as in the standard variety (29.0%), but its quality and technological value for primary processing were higher. The variety had a homogeneous sex structure, resistance to bioltic and abiotic environmental factors. Plants reached biological maturity in 116 days (BBCH 89). This cultivar is recommended for obtaining seeds, quality fiber and potentially cannabigerol (on condition of changes in legislation). Conclusions. The efficiency of using self-pollinating lines in breeding with their subsequent combining into a synthetic population and improving selection was proved by the case of a new variety of industrial hemp ‘Vik 2020’, characterized by an increased content of cannabigerol and the absence of psychotropic properties

TECHNOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF INTRODUCED WHITE WINE GRAPE VA-RIETIES OF DON AMPELOGRAPHIC COLLECTION

The results of the technological assessment of white technical grape varieties growing on the ampelographic collection of the institute are shown: Riesling, Grubella, Goruli mtsvane, No-rock, Khotsa tsibil. Samples of dry white wines were prepared using classical technology. The research was carried out in the laboratory of winemaking technology in micro-winemaking conditions. The weight of one batch of grapes was 7–15 kg. The main physical and chemical parameters of wort and wine were determined. As a result of the organoleptic assessment, con-clusions were drawn about the advisability of using these varieties for the production of natu-ral white table wines. Riesling was chosen as a control variety. Wine materials from the re-searched varieties were distinguished by their typical, pale straw color, with a greenish tint, delicate varietal aroma, full, harmonious taste. This indicates a high potential of the studied varieties for the preparation of high-quality wines.

Sustainability Transition in Established Corporations: Detailing the Role of Technological Innovation

Sustainability transition theories analyse a systematic shift towards sustainability at micro (niche), meso (regime) and macro (landscape) level. The assessment of technological systems and structures at the firm level in sustainability transition literature is scant. The present study, taking the technological assessment perspective at the firm level, finds answers to questions like (a) how do established corporations move towards sustainable practices? (b) what role does technological innovation play in the firm’s transition towards sustainability? (c) what technological modes are adopted for sustainability transition? We find answers to these questions through an in-depth case analysis of two multi-national companies in the consumer goods industry. Internally developed and externally acquired technologies by firms in the last 15 years are plotted using qualitative and quantitative indicators on pre-designed templates. Technologies for all three sustainability dimensions, namely, environmental, social and economic, are mapped and the impact assessed. The analysis finds a sustainability transition landscape that shows the use of protected (patents, trademarks, designs) and unprotected technologies (open innovation) to generate impacts like production efficiency, consumption reduction, emission reduction, reduce-recycle-reuse among others. Companies implementing sustainable technologies do observe positive impacts. Implementation of reduce-reuse-recycle (3R)-based technologies enhance the achievement of sustainable development targets. Furthermore, the use of trademarks seems common in differentiating their technologies and identities. These and other results are detailed and used to comment on the role of managing intellectual property and harnessing the effect of technological innovations in sustainability transition.

The Crimean Spindle as a prospective crown shape for growing fruit trees in intensive gardens of Crimea

В статье освещены результаты технологической оценки перспективной формы кроны - «крымское веретено» с сортами Бреберн, Джалита и Ренет Симиренко на подвое ЕМ-IХ в условиях Крыма. Целью исследований является изучение технологических характеристик формы кроны для создания высокоплотных садов. Работа проводится по методикам полевых исследований с плодовыми культурами. Установлено, что за счет использования технологически нетрудоемкой формы кроны обеспечивается урожайность в 29,5 т/га, на шестой год после посадки сада, с выходом товарной продукции до 99 %. Крона имеет компактные размеры: параметры горизонтальной проекции варьируют от 1,8 м (сорта Джалита, Бреберн) до 2,2 м (сорт Ренет Симиренко); объём - от 2,7 до 3,1 м. Затраты ручного труда находятся в прямой зависимости от биологических особенностей сорта. Трудоемкость обрезки 1 га сада с обозначенной формой кроны составляет от 84,4-86,7 (сорта Джалита, Ренет Симиренко) до 124,9 чел./ч (сорт Бреберн). При соблюдении всех технологических приемов формирования кроны, высокой агротехники и капельного орошения обеспечивается ежегодная урожайность и высокое качество продукции, при минимальных затратах труда. The article highlights the results of technological assessment of a promising crown shape - a Crimean Spindle with ‘Brebern’, ‘Dzhalita’ and ‘Renet Simirenko’ varieties on the ‘EM IX’ rootstock in the conditions of Crimea. The goal of the research is to study technological characteristics of the crown shape for creation of ultra-dense gardens. The work is carried out according to the methods of field study with fruit crops. It has been established that due to the use of a technologically labor saving crown shape, cropping capacity of 29.5 t/ha is provided on the sixth year after planting the garden, with a commercial yield of up to 99%. The crown has compact dimensions with the parameters of horizontal projection of the crown varying from 1.8 m (‘Dzhalita’, ‘Brebern’) - to 2.2 m (‘Renet Simirenko’), and volume - from 2.7 to 3.1 m. The cost of manual labor is in direct relationship to the biological characteristics of variety. Labor intensity of pruning 1 hectare of a garden with the above-mentioned crown shape ranges from 84.4 - 86.7 (‘Dzhalita’, ‘Renet Simirenko’) to 124.9 m/hrs. (‘Brebern’). If all technological methods of crown shaping, high agricultural technology and drip irrigation are obeyed, the annual cropping capacity and high quality products are ensured with minimal labor costs for cultivation.

NEW PROMISING GRAPEVINE FORMS BRED IN ARRIV&W FOR HIGH QUALITY RED WINES

The results of a technological assessment of promising red technical forms of grapes bred by ARRIV&W named after Ya.I. Potapenko are presented. These forms (9-8-2-14pk, 8-7-1-5, 8-5-3-18) are distinguished by high sugar accumulation and optimal juice yield. The re-search was carried out in the laboratory of winemaking technology in micro-winemaking conditions. The mass of one batch of grapes was 5–10 kg, in the wort were determined: titratable acidity, sugar content, pH value, as well as the indicator of technical maturity and glucoacidometric indicator. According to the classical technology, red dry wine materials were prepared. In the studied wine samples the main physicochemical indicators were de-termined. As a result of the organoleptic eval-uation, conclusions were made about the ad-visability of using these forms for the produc-tion of natural red table wines. Augusta was selected as a control variety. Wine materials from the studied varieties were distinguished by their typical, dark ruby color, dense struc-ture and harmonious taste. This indicates a high potential of the studied forms.