(Invited) Novel Approach of Efficient-Photocatalyst Design Based on Electron Trap-Distribution Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol MA2020-02 (61) ◽  
pp. 3084-3084
Author(s):  
Bunsho Ohtani
Keyword(s):  
Electron Trap ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Novel Approach

scholarly journals How Do Ionic Liquids Affect the Surface Structure of Titania Photocatalyst? An Electron-Trap Distribution-Analysis Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Łuczak ◽  
Anna Pancielejko ◽  
Guangyi Chen ◽  
Mai Takashima ◽  
Adriana Zaleska-Medynska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Electron Trap ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Analysis Study ◽  
Titania Photocatalyst

scholarly journals Offshore Wind Potential of West Central Taiwan: A Case Study

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3702
Author(s):  
Wen-Ko Hsu ◽  
Chung-Kee Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbine ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Wind Potential ◽  
Mean Wind Speed ◽  
Central Taiwan

In this study, we present the wind distributions from a long-term offshore met mast and a novel approach based on the measure–correlate–predict (MCP) method from short-term onshore-wind-turbine data. The annual energy production (AEP) and capacity factors (CFs) of one onshore and four offshore wind-turbine generators (WTG) available on the market are evaluated on the basis of wind-distribution analysis from both the real met mast and the MCP method. Here, we also consider the power loss from a 4-month light detection and ranging (LiDAR) power-curve test on an onshore turbine to enhance the accuracy of further AEP and CF evaluations. The achieved Weibull distributions could efficiently represent the probability distribution of wind-speed variation, mean wind speed (MWS), and both the scale and shape parameters of Weibull distribution in Taiwan sites. The power-loss effect is also considered when calculating the AEPs and CFs of different WTGs. Successful offshore wind development requires (1) quick, accurate, and economical harnessing of a wind resource and (2) selection of the most suitable and efficient turbine for a specific offshore site.

scholarly journals Happy Photocatalysts and Unhappy Photocatalysts: Electron Trap-distribution Analysis for Metal Oxide-sample Identification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bunsho Ohtani ◽  
Mai Takashima
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Electron Trap ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Solid Materials ◽  
Strange Story ◽  
Oxide Sample ◽  
Sample Identification

A strange story, including a new concept of identification of inorganic solid materials and of photocatalyst design, is told here. Why is it that solid materials have not been identified,...

A New System For Optomanual Semiautomatic Quantitative Image Analysis

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 210-211
Author(s):  
H.P. Rohr
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
List Type ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Point Counting ◽  
Human Eye ◽  
Quantitative Image ◽  
Point Density ◽  
Electronic Counting

Today, in image analysis the broadest possible rationalization and economization have become desirable. Basically, there are two approaches for image analysis: The image analysis through the so-called scanning methods which are usually performed without the human eye and the systems of optical semiautomatic analysis completely relying on the human eye.The new MOP AM 01 opto-manual system (fig.) represents one of the very promising approaches in this field. The instrument consists of an electronic counting and storing unit, which incorporates a microprocessor and a keyboard for choice of measuring parameters, well designed for easy use.Using the MOP AM 01 there are three possibilities of image analysis:the manual point counting,the opto-manual point counting andthe measurement of absolute areas and/or length (size distribution analysis included).To determine a point density for the calculation of the corresponding volume density the intercepts lying within the structure are scanned with the light pen.

Local atomic structure of relaxor ferroelectric solids studied by pulsed neutron scattering

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 554-555
Author(s):  
T. Egami ◽  
H. D. Rosenfeld ◽  
S. Teslic
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Scattering ◽  
Atomic Structure ◽  
Argonne National Laboratory ◽  
Relaxor Ferroelectrics ◽  
Relaxor Ferroelectric ◽  
Crystallographic Structure ◽  
Chemical Inhomogeneity ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Ferroelectric Transition ◽  
Pulsed Neutron

Relaxor ferroelectrics, such as Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 (PMN) or (Pb·88La ·12)(Zr·65Ti·35)O3 (PLZT), show diffuse ferroelectric transition which depends upon frequency of the a.c. field. In spite of their wide use in various applications details of their atomic structure and the mechanism of relaxor ferroelectric transition are not sufficiently understood. While their crystallographic structure is cubic perovskite, ABO3, their thermal factors (apparent amplitude of thermal vibration) is quite large, suggesting local displacive disorder due to heterovalent ion mixing. Electron microscopy suggests nano-scale structural as well as chemical inhomogeneity.We have studied the atomic structure of these solids by pulsed neutron scattering using the atomic pair-distribution analysis. The measurements were made at the Intense Pulsed Neutron Source (IPNS) of Argonne National Laboratory. Pulsed neutrons are produced by a pulsed proton beam accelerated to 750 MeV hitting a uranium target at a rate of 30 Hz. Even after moderation by a liquid methane moderator high flux of epithermal neutrons with energies ranging up to few eV’s remain.

Copper-dependent ATP7B up-regulation drives the resistance of TMEM16A-overexpressing head-and-neck cancer models to platinum toxicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 476 (24) ◽  
pp. 3705-3719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avani Vyas ◽  
Umamaheswar Duvvuri ◽  
Kirill Kiselyov
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Platinum Resistance ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Platinum Compounds ◽  
Copper Chelation ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Cancer Models

Platinum-containing drugs such as cisplatin and carboplatin are routinely used for the treatment of many solid tumors including squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). However, SCCHN resistance to platinum compounds is well documented. The resistance to platinum has been linked to the activity of divalent transporter ATP7B, which pumps platinum from the cytoplasm into lysosomes, decreasing its concentration in the cytoplasm. Several cancer models show increased expression of ATP7B; however, the reason for such an increase is not known. Here we show a strong positive correlation between mRNA levels of TMEM16A and ATP7B in human SCCHN tumors. TMEM16A overexpression and depletion in SCCHN cell lines caused parallel changes in the ATP7B mRNA levels. The ATP7B increase in TMEM16A-overexpressing cells was reversed by suppression of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2), by the antioxidant N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC) and by copper chelation using cuprizone and bathocuproine sulphonate (BCS). Pretreatment with either chelator significantly increased cisplatin's sensitivity, particularly in the context of TMEM16A overexpression. We propose that increased oxidative stress in TMEM16A-overexpressing cells liberates the chelated copper in the cytoplasm, leading to the transcriptional activation of ATP7B expression. This, in turn, decreases the efficacy of platinum compounds by promoting their vesicular sequestration. We think that such a new explanation of the mechanism of SCCHN tumors’ platinum resistance identifies novel approach to treating these tumors.

Collecting Words: A Clinical Example of a Morphology-Focused Orthographic Intervention

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 544-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. Murphy ◽  
Emily A. Diehm
Keyword(s):  
Written Language ◽  
Morphological Knowledge ◽  
English Orthography ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
The One ◽  
Critical Intervention ◽  
Reading And Spelling ◽  
Reading And Spelling Difficulties

Purpose Morphological interventions promote gains in morphological knowledge and in other oral and written language skills (e.g., phonological awareness, vocabulary, reading, and spelling), yet we have a limited understanding of critical intervention features. In this clinical focus article, we describe a relatively novel approach to teaching morphology that considers its role as the key organizing principle of English orthography. We also present a clinical example of such an intervention delivered during a summer camp at a university speech and hearing clinic. Method Graduate speech-language pathology students provided a 6-week morphology-focused orthographic intervention to children in first through fourth grade ( n = 10) who demonstrated word-level reading and spelling difficulties. The intervention focused children's attention on morphological families, teaching how morphology is interrelated with phonology and etymology in English orthography. Results Comparing pre- and posttest scores, children demonstrated improvement in reading and/or spelling abilities, with the largest gains observed in spelling affixes within polymorphemic words. Children and their caregivers reacted positively to the intervention. Therefore, data from the camp offer preliminary support for teaching morphology within the context of written words, and the intervention appears to be a feasible approach for simultaneously increasing morphological knowledge, reading, and spelling. Conclusion Children with word-level reading and spelling difficulties may benefit from a morphology-focused orthographic intervention, such as the one described here. Research on the approach is warranted, and clinicians are encouraged to explore its possible effectiveness in their practice. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12290687

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