Dietary fat and adiposity: a dose-response relationship in adult male rats fed isocalorically

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (4) ◽  
pp. E546-E550 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. N. Boozer ◽  
G. Schoenbach ◽  
R. L. Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Mesenteric Fat ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body

This study examined the effects of increasing levels of dietary fat fed isocalorically on body weight, body composition, and adipose distribution. Adult male rats were weight matched into four groups. One group that was fed a low-fat diet (12%) served as reference controls. The other three groups were fed diets of 24, 36, or 48% fat in amounts to equal the energy intake of the control group. After 6 wk, body weights of the four groups were not significantly different. Intrascapular brown fat did not differ between groups. Total body fat and adipose depot weights, however, increased in proportion to the level of fat in the diet. Total body fat and retroperitoneal and mesenteric depot weights of the 48% fat group were greater than controls (P < 0.05). Mesenteric fat in this group was also significantly increased over all other groups (P < 0.05). These results show that high-fat diets fed to adult animals cause increased body fat in the absence of significant changes in body weight and that mesenteric fat is increased disproportionately.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF IMPLANTING ZERANOL ON GROWTH AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF AWASSI LAMBS AND GOAT KIDS RAISED UNDER COMMERCIAL CONDITION

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 1321-1328
Author(s):  
KAK & et al
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Testicular Weight ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight ◽  
Awassi Lambs

The current experiment was designed to investigate the effect of zeranol implantation on lambs and goats’ kids raised under commercial conditions. Ten male Awassi lambs (AL) (4-5 months old) with an average body weight of 33.7 ± 0.5 kg and 10 male black goat kids (GK) (3-4 months old) with an average body weight of 18.8 ± 0.7 kg were used in the experiment. The experiment was conducted in Berebuhar village close to Duhok city in May the 15th, 2019The animals from each group were randomly divided into two subgroups, the first group was the control group and the other group was implanted with 24 mg zeranol. The animals were grown for 43 days and then slaughtered. Growth rate, average daily gain and carcass characteristics were measured. Data were analysed as factorial 2 × 2.  The results showed that implantation both animal groups with zeranol significantly reduced testicular weight by approximately 55 % and 71 % for goat kids and Awassi lambs respectively. Moreover, the results showed that zeranol implantation found to reduce total body fat from 892 to 816g in goat kids and from 3395 to 2856 g in Awassi lambs. It can be concluded that zeranol implantation has an effect on total body fat and fat tissue distribution. 

INFLUENCE OF DIET COMPOSITION AND CALORIC INTAKE ON BODY WEIGHT OF WARM- AND COLD-ACCLIMATED RATS

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 2225-2235
Author(s):  
A. DesMarais ◽  
P. A. Lachance
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Lean Body Weight ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Exposure To Cold ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Total Body

The well known reduction in growth rate of cold-acclimated rats has been shown to depend on a decreased gain in total body fat, without change in the gain in lean body weight. This has been observed in rats fed Lab Chow or a high-fat diet ad libitum. In those groups fed a high-carbohydrate diet ad libitum or calorie-restricted high-fat or high-carbohydrate diets, exposure to cold had no effect on the gain in neither total body weight nor lean body weight, which were already reduced by the diet; in those animals, the significant decrease in the gain in total body fat upon exposure to cold was compensated by a slight but unsignificant increase in the gain in lean body weight, so that differences in gain in total body weight were not significant.

A comparative study on growth, body composition and carcass tissue distribution in Omani sheep and goats

1998 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. MAHGOUB ◽  
G. A. LODGE
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Hind Limb ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body

Growth, body composition and distribution of carcass tissues were compared in Omani sheep and goats. Animals had ad libitum access to Rhodes-grass hay (8 % CP) and a concentrate diet (16% CP) from weaning until slaughter. The two species had similar birth weights but sheep had higher preweaning (181 g/day), postweaning (175 g/day) and overall (179 g/day) growth rates than goats (120, 102 and 111 g/day, respectively) and thus they reached slaughter weights earlier. Sheep had higher slaughter weight (22·26 kg), empty body weight (20·39 kg), hot carcass weight (12·48 kg) and dressing out percentage (55·94%) than goats (21·17, 18·82, 11·48 kg and 53·97%, respectively). Sheep also had higher proportions of skin, liver and lungs and trachea (P<0·01) than goats, which had higher proportions of head, feet and gut contents. As proportions of carcass weight, sheep had higher fat (25·08%) but lower muscle content (57·24%) than goats (15·72 and 65·88%, respectively). There were no significant differences between the two species in proportion of carcass bone (13·76 and 14·17%). These effects resulted in sheep having a lower muscle: bone ratio (4·19 and 4·68) and higher fat: muscle ratio (0·44 and 0·24). Sheep had higher proportions of non-carcass, carcass and total body fat in the empty body weight (EBW) than goats. However, sheep had less non-carcass but more carcass fat than goats when fats were expressed as proportions of total body fat. Sheep had higher proportions of muscles in the proximal hind limb, distal hind limb (P<0·01), around the spinal column, connecting forelimb to thorax and high-priced muscle group (P<0·05), but lower proportions of muscles in the abdominal wall, proximal forelimb (P<0·05), distal forelimb (P<0·01), connecting neck to forelimb, intrinsic muscles of neck and thorax (P<0·05) and total forequarter muscles (P<0·01) than goats. As proportions in carcass bone, sheep had higher axial skeleton (P<0·05) but lower forelimb than goats. Among species/sex/slaughter weight groups, castrated male and female goats had the lowest growth rates. Castrates and female sheep, particularly at heavier liveweights, had higher carcass and non-carcass fat contents than intact males and goats of all sexes. Although Omani goats produced leaner carcasses and had higher proportions of some non-carcass offals than Omani sheep, they had slower growth rates and a less attractive muscle distribution. This may negatively affect their potential for large scale meat production under Omani conditions.

The effect of a high-fat diet and sucrose drinking option on the development of obesity in spontaneously hypertensive rats

1986 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Rattigan ◽  
Peter R.C. Howe ◽  
Michael G. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Sucrose Drinking ◽  
Starch Diet

1. Energy intakes, body-weights, body fat index, total body fat and interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) were examined in adult male, spontaneously hypertensive, stroke-prone (SHR-SP) rats and normotensive Wistar/Kyoto (WKY) controls given one of four diets for 33 d: (a) a starch diet, (b) a starch diet and a sucrose solution drinking option, (c) an 80xenergy from fat (F80) diet, (d) the F80 diet and a sucrose drinking option.2. The SHR-SP rats showed a complete resistance to obesity on all four diets. For the high-fat diet the WKY animals became markedly obese with approximately two-fold increases in body-weight gain and body fat index when compared with the SHR-SP rats. The gain in total body fat was also significantly greater. IBAT as a percentage of total body-weight did not differ between the WKY and SHR-SP groups.3. Compared with the WKY animals, the SHR-SP rats showed a reduced food intake but had the same potential to gain weight from the high-fat diet.4. It is concluded that the resistance to obesity by the hypertensive animals is the result of a diminished energy intake.

Dietary fat composition, total body fat and regional body fat distribution in two Caucasian populations of middle-aged and older adult women

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 1411-1419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taulant Muka ◽  
Lauren C. Blekkenhorst ◽  
Joshua R. Lewis ◽  
Richar L. Prince ◽  
Nicole S. Erler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adult ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Fat Composition ◽  
Regional Body Fat ◽  
Total Body

Utilization of Exogenous Fat and Turnover Rate of Endogenous Fat in the Normal and Hypophysectomized Rat

1957 ◽  
Vol 188 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
LeRoy W. Matthews ◽  
Samuel Spector ◽  
Joy Lemm ◽  
Paul Olynyk
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Turnover Rate ◽  
Fat Metabolism ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Hypophysectomized Rats ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Total Body

The utilization of C14-labeled trilaurin and tripalmitin administered by both oral and intravenous routes and the turnover rate of total body fat was studied in normal and hypophysectomized rats. The hypophysectomized rats were found to utilize significantly more fat per millimole of CO2 expired than normal rats. This increased utilization of exogenous fat varied from 14 to 97% for the various fats and routes of administration and was found in both fasting and fed rats. The turnover rate of endogenous total body fat was found to be almost twice as rapid in the hypophysectomized rats with the half-life of total body fat 9.0 ± 1.33 days as compared to 14.9 ± 0.15 days in the normal rats. The fat content of the hypophysectomized rats was 11.12 gm/100 gm body weight compared to 8.29 gm/100 gm body weight in the control rats. When both of these factors are taken into consideration, the hypophysectomized rats are found to utilize 0.86 ± 0.13 gm of endogenous fat/100 gm body weight/ day and the normal rats only 0.38 ± 0.04 gm of endogenous fat/100 gm body weight/day. In the presence of this marked increase in total fat metabolism in the hypophysectomized rats, there is only a slight hyperlipemia, which may be accounted for by an increased serum cholesterol, a decreased fat content of the liver and an increased total body fat.

P2680Changes in body fat distribution after intensive dietary intervention in patients with stable coronary artery disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Henzel ◽  
M Makarewicz-Wujec ◽  
L Wardziak ◽  
P Trochimiuk ◽  
C Kepka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Stable Cad ◽  
Total Body

Abstract Introduction Contradictory reports are available on the role of adipose tissue in the pathophysiology and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). It seems accepted that local fat distribution is more relevant than the general amount of body fat. As in the case of visceral fat, pericardial adipose tissue (PEAT) has been postulated an important mediator of metabolic risk, with a special role attributed to epicardial adipose tissue (EAT). Purpose To study the effect of intensive dietary and lifestyle modification on the distribution of body fat in patients diagnosed with stable CAD qualified to conservative treatment. Methods Total body fat mass (TBF), visceral fat area (VFA), PEAT volume, and EAT volume were measured in 67 participants (43% women) of the DISCO-CT trial (Dietary Intervention to Stop COronary Atherosclerosis in Computed Tomography, NCT02571803) who completed the study by the end of 2018. All patients, randomly assigned to either experimental or control arm in a 1:1 fashion, were regularly followed-up at our site, with those in the experimental arm being strictly supervised by a dietitian to stick to Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and encouraged to lifestyle changes atop optimal medical therapy. Contrast-enhanced coronary computed tomography was performed at baseline and after the median time of 59 weeks (2x192-multislice scanner, temporal resolution 66 ms, Somatom Force, Siemens). PEAT and EAT volumes, expressed in mm3, were measured with a dedicated offline workstation (syngo.via Frontier, Siemens Healthcare) using a semiautomatic segmentation technique (window width range −195 to −45 Hounsfield units). TBF, expressed in kg, and VFA, expressed in cm2, were measured using the InBody S10 Body Water Analyser at baseline and completion of the study. 57% of subjects included into the analysis represented the experimental arm. Results There were no significant between-arm differences in baseline TBF, VFA, PEAT, and EAT volumes. A significant reduction by 3.7±5.0 kg in TBF (p<0.001; 95% CI 2.1, 5.3) and by 19.7±30.1 cm2 in VFA (p<0.001; 95% CI 9.8, 29.6) was observed in the experimental arm, while in the control group both TBF and VFA irrelevantly increased, by 0.6±4.7 kg (p=0.53; 95% CI −2.4, 1.3) and 2.2±27.0 cm2 (p=0.67; 95% CI −12.7, 8.2), respectively. A significant decrease in PEAT volume, by 19.9±43.0 mm3 (p=0.007; 95% CI 5.8, 34.1), was observed in the experimental group, compared to a non-significant PEAT volume reduction by 5.8±3.5.0 mm3 (p=0.38, 95% CI −7.5; 19.2) in the control group. Contrarily, no significant changes in EAT volumes were observed in either experimental (reduction by 3.8±15.2 mm3; p=0.13, 95% CI −1.2, 8.8) or control arm (reduction by 5.1±17.2 mm3; p=0.13, 95% CI −1.5, 11.6). Conclusion Intensive dietary intervention in patients with stable CAD can lead to a significant reduction in total body fat, visceral fat and pericardial fat, this effect, however, may not apply to epicardial fat. Acknowledgement/Funding This study was founded by a grant (2.15/III/15) from the Institute of Cardiology in Warsaw, Poland

Correlations Between High Level Sport-Climbing and the Development of Adolescents

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Schöffl ◽  
Volker Schöffl ◽  
J. Dötsch ◽  
H.G. Dörr ◽  
J. Jüngert
Keyword(s):  
Short Stature ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
National Team ◽  
Sport Climbing ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body ◽  
High Level

Over the last years concerns have been raised about the health effects particulary on young climbers due to the observation of short stature with low body weight and body fat in sports climbers. The aim of this study was to investigate anthropometric and hormonal data for climbers of the German Junior national team. 16 climbers were compared with 14—age matched nonclimbers with respect to several anthropometric variables, leptin level, and climbing characteristics. Height, weight and body mass index (BMI) standard deviation scores (SDS) for boys were not significantly different from the controls, whereas girls had significantly lower SDS-values for weight and BMI. In comparison with the control group boys and girls had a lower skinfold thickness. The leptin values were lower than the calculated leptin levels but only reached significance for the girls. The young athletes of the GJNT were neither of short stature nor thin when compared with a physically active control group. The low body fat in boys and girls was within expected limits. The lower leptin levels might be attributed to a decrease in total body fat.

A direct anabolic effect of progesterone in the intact female rat

1983 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Shirling ◽  
J. P. Ashby ◽  
J. D. Baird
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Anabolic Effect ◽  
Intact Female ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body

Rats implanted with progesterone gained weight more rapidly than controls and had a greater percentage of total body fat. The dietary intake of hormone-treated animals was restricted to control levels. The food was supplied in small quantities at regular intervals over a 24-h period with the aid of automatic feeding machines. The observed changes in body weight and composition are therefore not related to either an increased intake of energy or a change in the pattern of feeding after implantation.

scholarly journals Endogenous loss of leucine and methionine in adult male rats

1977 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Neale ◽  
J. C. Waterlow
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Fractional Rate ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Fractional Loss

1. The fractional rate of loss of 14C and body-weight was measured in adult male rats after giving 14C-labelled methionine or leucine and maintaining rats for 30 d on a low-protein or a specific methionine+cystine-free diet: carcasses were then analysed for protein and fat 14C radioactivity.2. The fractional loss of 14CO2 from [14C]methionine or [14C]leucine between day 20 and day 30 was always greater than the fractional loss of body-weight.3. Carcass protein 14C radioactivity after giving [14C]leucine was higher than after giving [14C]methionine, but fat 14C radioactivity after either 14C-labelled amino acid was only a small proportion of the total body 14C radioactivity.4. After correction of the fractional loss of 14CO2 for urinary 14C loss, but not body-weight loss, absolute amino acid loss was calculated using published values for methionine and leucine content of rats.5. The best estimates of endogenous amino acid loss obtained using 1-14C-labelled amino acids, expressed as mg/kg body-weight0.75 per day were leucine 79, methionine 38.

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