Direct access to interstitial fluid in adipose tissue in humans by use of open-flow microperfusion

1999 ◽  
Vol 276 (2) ◽  
pp. E401-E408 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Schaupp ◽  
M. Ellmerer ◽  
G. A. Brunner ◽  
A. Wutte ◽  
G. Sendlhofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Interstitial Fluid ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Open Flow ◽  
Hyperglycemic Clamp ◽  
Calibration Methods ◽  
Lumen Catheter

To gain direct access to the interstitial fluid (ISF), a new technique called open-flow microperfusion has been evaluated. This method is based on a double-lumen catheter with macroscopic (0.3–0.5 mm diameter) perforations that is inserted into the subcutaneous adipose tissue and constantly perfused. Thus partial equilibration between the ISF and the perfusion fluid occurs. The glucose concentration of the ISF was determined by established (zero flow rate, no net flux, and recirculation procedures) and new (ionic reference and suction technique) calibration methods by use of open-flow microperfusion. The data show that 1) the glucose concentration in the ISF is significantly lower than the corresponding arterialized venous plasma values during basal steady-state conditions (adipose tissue 3.2 ± 0.10 mM, plasma 5.27 ± 0.12 mM) as well as during hyperglycemic clamp experiments (adipose tissue 7.3 ± 0.13 mM, plasma 9.91 ± 0.16 mM), and 2) it is possible to determine the recovery continuously by using the ion concentration of the ISF as an internal standard (ionic reference).

Open-Flow Microperfusion of Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue for On-Line Continuous Ex Vivo Measurement of Glucose Concentration

Diabetes Care ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1114-1121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Trajanoski ◽  
G. A. Brunner ◽  
L. Schaupp ◽  
M. Ellmerer ◽  
P. Wach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Open Flow ◽  
On Line ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Quantification of Basal Insulin Peglispro and Human Insulin in Adipose Tissue Interstitial Fluid by Open-Flow Microperfusion

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 305-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Tiffner ◽  
Beate Boulgaropoulos ◽  
Christian Höfferer ◽  
Thomas Birngruber ◽  
Niels Porksen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Human Insulin ◽  
Basal Insulin ◽  
Interstitial Fluid ◽  
Open Flow ◽  
Tissue Interstitial Fluid

Metabolite levels in human skeletal muscle and adipose tissue studied with microdialysis at low perfusion flow

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (5) ◽  
pp. E936-E945 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Rosdahl ◽  
K. Hamrin ◽  
U. Ungerstedt ◽  
J. Henriksson
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Interstitial Fluid ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Perfusion Fluid ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Perfusion Flow ◽  
Good Agreement

To identify a perfusion flow at which the interstitial fluid completely equilibrates with the microdialysis perfusion fluid, a protocol with successively lower perfusion flows was used. A colloid was included in the perfusion fluid to make sampling possible at the lowest perfusion flows. At 0.16 μl/min, the measured metabolites had reached a complete equilibration in both tissues, and the measured concentrations of glucose, glycerol, and urea were in good agreement with expected tissue-specific levels. The glucose concentration in adipose tissue (4.98 ± 0.14 mM) was equal to that of plasma (5.07 ± 0.07 mM), whereas the concentration in muscle (4.41 ± 0.11 mM) was lower than in plasma and adipose tissue ( P < 0.001). The concentration of lactate was higher ( P< 0.001) in muscle (2.39 ± 0.22 mM) than in adipose tissue (1.30 ± 0.12 mM), whereas the glycerol concentration in adipose tissue (233 ± 19.7 μM) was higher ( P< 0.001) than in muscle (40.8 ± 3.0 μM) and in plasma (68.7 ± 3.97 μM). The concentration of urea was equal in the two tissues. Overall, the study indicates that microdialysis at a low perfusion flow may be a tool to continuously monitor tissue interstitial concentrations.

Measurement of interstitial albumin in human skeletal muscle and adipose tissue by open-flow microperfusion

2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (2) ◽  
pp. E352-E356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Ellmerer ◽  
Lukas Schaupp ◽  
Gernot A. Brunner ◽  
Gerald Sendlhofer ◽  
Andrea Wutte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Interstitial Fluid ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Calibration Technique ◽  
Open Flow ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Net Flux ◽  
Flux Calibration

The absolute concentration of albumin was measured in the interstitial fluid of subcutaneous adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in six healthy volunteers by combining the method of open-flow microperfusion and the no-net-flux calibration technique. By use of open-flow microperfusion, four macroscopically perforated double lumen catheters were inserted into the tissue regions of interest and constantly perfused. Across the macroscopic perforations of the catheters interstitial fluid was partially recovered in the perfusion fluid. Catheters were perfused with five solutions, each containing different concentrations of albumin. Absolute interstitial albumin concentrations were calculated by applying linear regression analysis to perfusate vs. sampled albumin concentration (no-net-flux calibration technique). Interstitial albumin concentrations were significantly lower ( P < 0.0001) in adipose tissue (7.36 g/l; r = 0.99, P < 0.0003; range: 4.3–10.7 g/l) and in skeletal muscle (13.25 g/l; r = 0.99, P < 0.0012; range: 9.7 to 15.7 g/l) compared with the serum concentration (48.9 ± 0.7 g/l, mean ± SE, n = 6; range: 46.4–50.4 g/l). Furthermore, interstitial albumin concentrations were significantly higher in skeletal muscle compared with adipose tissue ( P < 0.01). The study indicates that open-flow microperfusion allows stable sampling of macromolecules from the interstitial space of peripheral tissue compartments. Moreover, the present data report for the first time in healthy humans in vivo the true albumin concentrations of interstitial fluid of adipose tissue and skeletal muscle.

scholarly journals Clearing-factor lipase in adipose tissue. A possible role of adenosine 3′,5′-(cyclic)-monophosphate in the regulation of its activity

1968 ◽  
Vol 109 (5) ◽  
pp. 841-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Wing ◽  
D S Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Free Fatty Acid Concentration ◽  
Epididymal Fat ◽  
Fat Bodies

1. The rise in clearing-factor lipase activity that occurs when epididymal fat bodies from starved rats are incubated in appropriate media in vitro is inhibited in the presence of 6-N-2′-O-dibutyryl-3′,5′-(cyclic)-AMP (1mm). 2. Inhibition occurs at a concentration of glucose in the incubation medium of 1·3mg./ml. or less, but not at a glucose concentration of 2·4mg./ml., unless caffeine (1mm), an inhibitor of 3′,5′-(cyclic)-nucleotide phosphodiesterase, is also present. Caffeine (5mm) alone inhibits the rise in clearing-factor lipase activity at a glucose concentration of 2·4mg./ml. of medium. 3. The concentration of free fatty acids in the epididymal fat bodies normally falls during incubations in vitro as the rise in clearing-factor lipase activity occurs. In the presence of 1mm-6-N-2′-O-dibutyryl-3′,5′-(cyclic)-AMP, however, either the tissue free fatty acid concentration is increased or it does not fall to the same extent. The concentration of glucose in the incubation medium is important in determining the direction and extent of the changes in tissue free fatty acid concentration that occur in the presence of 6-N-2′-O-dibutyryl-3′,5′-(cyclic)-AMP. 4. Free fatty acid concentrations in epididymal fat bodies in vivo rise as the clearing-factor lipase activity of the tissue falls during starvation. 5. The possibility that the concentration of 3′,5′-(cyclic)-AMP in adipose tissue may regulate clearing-factor lipase activity, and that the regulation may occur through effects of the nucleotide on tissue free fatty acid concentrations, is discussed.

Suction effusion fluid from skin and constituent analysis: new candidate for interstitial fluid

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (5) ◽  
pp. H1623-H1627 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kayashima ◽  
T. Arai ◽  
M. Kikuchi ◽  
N. Nagata ◽  
N. Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Interstitial Fluid ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
White Female ◽  
Absolute Pressure ◽  
Intravenous Glucose ◽  
Glucose Loading ◽  
Effusion Fluid

The authors analyzed the constituents of effuse transcutaneous fluid, labeled suction effusion fluid (SEF), and monitored its glucose concentration during glucose loading in rabbits (Japan White, female) under pentobarbital anesthesia. The SEF was sampled by suctioning corneal layer-stripped skin at 400 mmHg absolute pressure. The SEF proved to have nearly the same concentrations as serum for lower-molecular-weight substances such as glucose, creatinine, and urea nitrogens, but not for higher-molecular-weight substances such as serum proteins. The SEF protein concentration was one-fourth that of serum protein. Proteins > 100 kDa molecular mass were barely detectable in the SEF. Monitoring of SEF glucose change every 10 min during intravenous glucose loading was successfully accomplished, and SEF glucose concentration followed blood glucose concentration with a 10-min delay. The SEF was thought to consist of interstitial fluid and/or effuse fluid from small vessels in subcutaneous tissue.

scholarly journals The influence of high glucose concentration on the ability of mesenchymal stromal cells to stimulate blood vessel growth

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhanna Alekseevna Akopyan ◽  
Georgy Vladimirovich Sharonov ◽  
Tatiana Nikolaevna Kochegura ◽  
Natalya Fedorovna Il'yashenko ◽  
Igor Eduardovich Belyanko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Blood Vessel ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Human Adipose Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
High Glucose Concentration ◽  
Vessel Growth ◽  
Negative Effect

Adipose issue is a source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) that can be used to stimulate blood vessel growth in ischemic tissues. Various metabolicdisorders including hypeglycemia may have negative effect on therapeutic properties of these cells. Aim. To study the influence of high glucose concentration on functional activity in human adipose tissue. Materials and methods. Flow cytometry and real time PCR were used to study functional activity of cultured MSC from human adipose issue at highglucose concentration. Results. Prolonged (10-12 days) incubation at a high glucose concentration (25 mM) suppressed the ability of MSC to stimulate angiogenesis. Also,glucose modified expression of genes activating and inhibiting angiogenesis but had no effect on MSC proliferation and apoptosis. Conclusion. High glucose concentration suppresses angiogenic activity of MSC in adipose tissue; it may account for incomplete restoration of bloodflow in diabetic patients.

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