Mice with experimental colitis show an altered metabolism with decreased metabolic rate

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (1) ◽  
pp. G165-G172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Melgar ◽  
Mikael Bjursell ◽  
Anna-Karin Gerdin ◽  
Lennart Svensson ◽  
Erik Michaëlsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Metabolic Alterations ◽  
Body Fat Content

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) suffer from body weight loss, malnutrition, and several other metabolic alterations affecting their quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the metabolic changes that may occur during acute and chronic colonic inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in mice. Clinical symptoms and inflammatory markers revealed the presence of an ongoing inflammatory response in the DSS-treated mice. Mice with acute inflammation had decreased body weight, respiratory exchange ratios (RER), food intake, and body fat content. Mice with chronic inflammation had decreased nutrient uptake, body fat content, locomotor activity, metabolic rates, and bone mineral density. Despite this, the body weight, food and water intake, lean mass, and RER of these mice returned to values similar to those in healthy controls. Thus, murine experimental colitis is associated with significant metabolic alterations similar to IBD patients. Our data show that the metabolic responses during acute and chronic inflammation are different, although the metabolic rate is reduced in both phases. These observations suggest compensatory metabolic alterations in chronic colitis resulting in a healthy appearance despite gross colon pathology.

Effect of environmental temperature on hamster body fat composition

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 863-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur M. Kodama ◽  
Nello Pace
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Fat Content

Body fat content and the melting point and fatty acid composition of body fat of hamsters exposed to 35, 27, 20, 15, 10, and 6 C for 2 weeks were determined. The relationship between exposure temperature and body fat content and composition resembled that between environmental temperature and metabolic rate. Below the critical temperature, there was a progressive decrease in total body fat content and melting point accompanied by a decrease in the mole fraction of palmitic acid and an increase in the mole fraction of oleic acid. The softening of body fat in cold-exposed animals appears to be the result of an increased mobilization of depot fat in response to a higher metabolic rate in the cold, a mobilization which is at least partially selective with respect to individual fatty acids or triglycerides. Examination of changes in whole body composition revealed that 72% of the loss in body weight of hamsters exposed to 6 C was due to a decrease in body fat content. In contrast, the decrease in body fat content accounted for only 28% of the body weight loss of pair-fed hamsters kept at 27 C on reduced caloric intake to match the body weight loss experienced by cold-exposed animals. It appears, therefore, that cold exposure induces a more effective fat depot mobilization than does reduced caloric intake. heat exposure; cold exposure; body composition Submitted on February 3, 1964

Body Fat Content and Metabolic Rate of Rodents: Desert and Mountain

1972 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 818-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Scott ◽  
M. K. Yousef ◽  
W. G. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Body Fat Content

Estimation of body fat content from standard body length and body weight on cultured red sea bream

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
H ARUE KORA ◽  
M UTSUYOSI TSUCHIMOTO ◽  
K ATSUYA MIYATA ◽  
S HINKO OSATO ◽  
Q IN WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Red Sea Bream ◽  
Body Fat Content

Seasonal Changes of Fat Content in the Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) of Two Laurentian Lakes

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 2214-2221 ◽  
Author(s):  
George E. Newsome ◽  
Gérard Leduc
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Differential Mortality ◽  
Fat Reserves ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Fat Level ◽  
Males And Females

Different body fat reserves in male and female yellow perch (Perca flavescens) may determine a marked differential mortality during the winter. This was revealed by a study in two Laurentian lakes of the Province of Quebec harboring stunted yellow perch with a marked predominance of males. The proportion of females in each year-class is markedly smaller, thus suggesting a higher mortality among immature and mature females than among males.In an attempt to explain the differential mortality, the seasonal variation of body fat content in males and females was measured; also the fat level at time of death caused by starvation under laboratory conditions was determined. The results showed that in the females the body fat content falls to a critical level of about 2% at least 4 mo before spawning, whereas the males maintain a fat level of almost 5% throughout winter.

scholarly journals Effect of Eight-Week Training Programme on V02 Max and Body Composition

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
Kim Geok SOH ◽  
Ruby HUSAIN
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Impact

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.The purpose of the study was to determine the maximal oxygen consumption (V02 max) and the body fat content in Malaysian national junior netball players and the impact of an eight-week aerobic and strength-training programme on these two variables. A total of 21 netball players (mean age of 16.12±1.55 years old) from Bukit Jalil Sports School were the subjects used. The 12-minute Run was used to determine the V02 max while the body composition was calculated using the skinfold method. Pre-test and post-test results showed significant improvement in the V02 max and body fat content among the netball players. The Z value for the V02 max test was -3.25 (p

Physical Characteristics of Malaysian Netball Players in Relation to Playing Skill

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
Kim Geok SOH ◽  
Ruby HUSAIN ◽  
Kim Lam SOH
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
The Body ◽  
English Abstract ◽  
Body Fat Content

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese. This study sought to document the physical characteristics of top Malaysian netball players by their playing skill. The variables measured were age, height, body mass, body fat and somototype. Thirty-two national players (mean age 18.19 ± 3.86 years) were assessed, divided into three groups by their playing skill (senior/elite, junior and reserve). The body fat content was determined by the skinfold method and their somatotype using the Heath Carter Somatotyping method. There were no significant differences in the physical characteristics between the players by playing skill. The players were predominantly ecto-endomorphic with a mean somatotype of 6.12±1.42 - 2.38±1.05 - 2.71±1.38. Their height and body mass were 170.80±4.61 cm and 64.44±7.46 kg, respectively. Female national Australian and English netball players had a body fat of 28.90±3.50% (Wither & Roberts, 1981) and 24.50±3.90% (Bale & Hunt, 1986) respectively, while the Malaysian players in this study 24.50 ± 5.13%. 本文旨在探討馬來西亞女子投球選手的身體特徵與技術，並與同類研究進行比較及分析。

Effect of Insulin and Cortisone on Weight Gain, Protein and Fat Content of Rats

1958 ◽  
Vol 193 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. X. Hausberger ◽  
B. C. Hausberger
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body

Male Wister rats weighing 240 ± 2 gm show an average protein and fat content of 41.6 gm, and 13.1 gm. During a period of normal growth, the body weight increases within 14 days to 311 gm, the protein content to 57 gm, and the fat content to 21.7 gm. Several groups of rats were subjected to experimental procedures for 14 days, after having reached a body weight of 240 gm. Administration of protamine zine insulin (12 u/day) greatly enhanced weight gain, and deposition of excess fat, without affecting accumulation of body protein. Cortisone (5 mg/day) produced variable results. Diminished gain of body weight and total body protein occurred in 60% of the animals while accumulation of body fat was normal. Some rats lost weight and body protein but comparatively less fat than animals losing fat due to food restriction. Weight loss was most frequently observed in rats with visible infections. Simultaneous administration of insulin (12 u/day) did not alter the cortisone effect on body protein but markedly increased accumulation of body fat. One hundred twenty units per day accelerated gain of body fat still more. Values were observed comparable to those found in rats receiving insulin only. The amount of total body fat closely paralleled the amount of adipose tissue the composition of which was not significantly altered by any of the hormonal manipulations.

scholarly journals High-calcium diet with whey protein attenuates body-weight gain in high-fat-fed C57Bl/6J mice

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 900-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taru K. Pilvi ◽  
Riitta Korpela ◽  
Minna Huttunen ◽  
Heikki Vapaatalo ◽  
Eero M. Mervaala
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Fat Excretion

An inverse relationship between Ca intake and BMI has been found in several studies. It has been suggested that Ca affects adipocyte metabolism via suppressing 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)2-D3) and decreases fat absorption. We studied the effect of Ca and milk proteins (whey and casein) on body weight in C57Bl/6J mice. Male mice, age 9 weeks, were divided into three groups (ten mice per group) receiving modified high-fat (60 % of energy) diets. Two groups received a high-Ca diet (1·8 % calcium carbonate (CaCO3)), with casein or whey protein (18 % of energy), and one group received a low-Ca diet (0·4 % CaCO3) with casein for 21 weeks. Food intake was measured daily and body weight twice per week. Body fat content (by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) of all mice and faecal Ca and fat excretion of seven mice/group were measured twice during the study. Final body weight (44·1 (sem 1·1) g) and body fat content (41·6 (sem 0·6) %) were significantly lower (P < 0·05) in the high-Ca whey group than in the low-Ca casein group (48·1 (sem 0·8) g and 44·9 (sem 0·8) %). Body weight and body fat content of the high-Ca casein group did not differ significantly from the low-Ca casein group even though serum 1,25(OH)2-D3 levels were significantly lower (P < 0·001) in both high-Ca groups than in the low-Ca casein group. Thus changes in serum 1,25(OH)2-D3 do not seem to affect body weight in this animal model. There was a significant difference in fat excretion between the high-Ca whey and low-Ca casein groups (3·9 (sem 0·9) % in the high-Ca whey v. 1·4 (sem 0·2) % in the low-Ca casein group; P < 0·05), which may partly explain the effect on body weight.

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