scholarly journals High-fat diets rich in saturated fat protect against azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium-induced colon cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 310 (11) ◽  
pp. G906-G919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reilly T. Enos ◽  
Kandy T. Velázquez ◽  
Jamie L. McClellan ◽  
Taryn L. Cranford ◽  
Mitzi Nagarkatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Total Fat

High-fat-diet (HFD) consumption is associated with colon cancer risk. However, little is known about how the lipid composition of a HFD can influence prooncogenic processes. We examined the effects of three HFDs differing in the percentage of total calories from saturated fat (SF) (6, 12, and 24% of total caloric intake), but identical in total fat (40%), and a commercially available Western diet (26 and 41% saturated and total fat, respectively) on colon cancer development using the azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) murine model. A second dose-response experiment was performed using diets supplemented with the saturated-fatty-acid (SFA)-rich coconut oil. In experiment 1, we found an inverse association between SF content and tumor burden. Furthermore, increased SF content was associated with reduced inflammation, increased apoptosis, and decreased proliferation. The second dose-response experiment was performed to test whether this effect may be attributed to the SF content of the diets. Consistent with the initial experiment, we found that high SF content was protective, at least in male mice; there was a decrease in mortality in mice consuming the highest concentration of SFAs. To explore a potential mechanism for these findings, we examined colonic mucin 2 (Muc2) protein content and found that the HFDs with the highest SF content had the greatest concentration of Muc2. Our data suggest that high dietary SF is protective in the AOM/DSS model of colon cancer, which may be due, at least in part, to the ability of SF to maintain intestinal barrier integrity through increased colonic Muc2.

scholarly journals The Effect of Dietary Intake and Nutritional Status on Anthropometric Development and Systemic Inflammation: An Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5635
Author(s):  
Roxana Maria Martin-Hadmaș ◽  
Ștefan Adrian Martin ◽  
Adela Romonți ◽  
Cristina Oana Mărginean
Keyword(s):  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Trans Fats ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Total Fat

(1) Background: Daily caloric intake should aim to reduce the risk of obesity or poor anthropometric development. Our study objective was to analyze the association between food consumption, inflammatory status and anthropometric development; (2) Methods: We performed a prospective observational analytical research during September 2020 and April 2021 on a group of 160 healthy subjects, aged between 6 and 12 years old, by analyzing food ingestion, the basal metabolic rate, anthropometric development and the inflammatory status; (3) Results: IL-6 was significantly correlated to the sum of skinfolds, along with both serum proteins and triglycerides. The skin folds were significantly correlated with the caloric intake and with total fat intake, next to saturated and trans fats. Unlike the skin folds, the body weight was significantly correlated with the caloric intake along with some vitamins, such as Vitamin A and Vitamin B12. Inactive mass increased with excessive folic acid, Vitamin E, Vitamin K and saturated fat intake; (4) Conclusions: The inflammatory status was influenced by the ingestion of micronutrients, total serum lipids and proteins. The anthropometric development was associated with the ingestion of carbohydrates, energy balance and energy intake. We can conclude that daily menu and nutrition imbalances can influence both the risk of obesity and the inflammatory status.

Desmethylbellidifolin Attenuates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis: Impact on Intestinal Barrier, Intestinal Inflammation and Gut Microbiota

Planta Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Wu ◽  
Yuzheng Wu ◽  
Yue Chen ◽  
Mengyang Liu ◽  
Haiyang Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Function Evaluation ◽  
Biological Drugs

AbstractUlcerative colitis has been recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease predominantly disturbing the colon and rectum. Clinically, the aminosalicylates, steroids, immunosuppressants, and biological drugs are generally used for the treatment of ulcerative colitis at different stages of disease progression. However, the therapeutic efficacy of these drugs does not satisfy the patients due to the frequent drug resistance. Herein, we reported the anti-ulcerative colitis activity of desmethylbellidifolin, a xanthone isolated from Gentianella acuta, in dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice. C57BL/6 mice were treated with 2% dextran sulfate sodium in drinking water to induce acute colitis. Desmethylbellidifolin or balsalazide sodium was orally administrated once a day. Biological samples were collected for immunohistological analysis, intestinal barrier function evaluation, cytokine measurement, and gut microbiota analysis. The results revealed that desmethylbellidifolin alleviated colon shortening and body weight loss in dextran sulfate sodium-induced mice. The disease activity index was also lowered by desmethylbellidifolin after 9 days of treatment. Furthermore, desmethylbellidifolin remarkably ameliorated colonic inflammation through suppressing the expression of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α. The intestinal epithelial barrier was strengthened by desmethylbellidifolin through increasing levels of occludin, ZO-1, and claudins. In addition, desmethylbellidifolin modulated the gut dysbiosis induced by dextran sulfate sodium. These findings suggested that desmethylbellidifolin effectively improved experimental ulcerative colitis, at least partly, through maintaining intestinal barrier integrity, inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines, and modulating dysregulated gut microbiota.

Dietary intake of Lycium ruthenicum Murray ethanol extract inhibits colonic inflammation in dextran sulfate sodium-induced murine experimental colitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 2924-2937
Author(s):  
Shuai Zong ◽  
Liu Yang ◽  
Hyun Jin Park ◽  
Jinglei Li
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Lycium Ruthenicum ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Integrity ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Lycium ruthenicum Murray extract protected experimental colitis by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines production, inflammatory cell infiltration, inflammatory mediators activation and oxidative stress, and restored intestinal barrier integrity.

Westernized high-fat diet accelerates weight loss in dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice, which is further aggravated by supplementation of heme

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1159-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise M.J. van der Logt ◽  
Tjasso Blokzijl ◽  
Roelof van der Meer ◽  
Klaas Nico Faber ◽  
Gerard Dijkstra
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
High Fat

scholarly journals Yoghurt and dairy snacks presented for sale to an Australian consumer: are they becoming less healthy?

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1036-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Z Walker ◽  
Julie Woods ◽  
Jamie Ross ◽  
Rachel Hechtman
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Nutrition Information ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Nutrient Quality ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Nutrient Profiling ◽  
Total Fat

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the nutrient profile of yoghurts and dairy desserts.DesignNutrition information panels and product labels on yoghurts and dairy desserts offered for sale were surveyed in 2005 and 2008 and nutrients analysed by two nutrient profiling systems.SettingA large supermarket in metropolitan Melbourne, Australia.ResultsIn total, 248 and 140 dairy snacks (yoghurt, fromage frais or dairy desserts) were surveyed in 2005 and 2008, respectively. Over this time, median packet size rose significantly (P≤ 0·001). In yoghurts, median energy and total fat content also increased while protein decreased (allP< 0·05). The proportion of ‘full-fat’ products rose from 36 % to 46 %. Because of the addition of sugar, most ‘reduced-fat’ yoghurts had energy content similar to many ‘full-fat’ yoghurts. Overall, the proportion of yoghurts and dairy desserts that were ‘less healthy’ (i.e. displaying one or more ‘red traffic lights’ for high fat, saturated fat, salt and sugar content) rose from 12 % in 2005 to 23 % in 2008. Only 1–2 % could be deemed ‘healthy’ by the most stringent criterion (displaying four ‘green traffic lights’), while 21 % (2005) or 28 % (2008) were ‘healthy’ by a nutrient profiling system that included a score for protein. Sucrose, the most common sweetener, was found in levels up to 29 g/100 g. Claims on packaging mainly related to Ca, fat or protein content. Few labels referred to sugar content.ConclusionsThe deterioration in nutrient quality of yoghurts needs to be redressed.

scholarly journals A Mediterranean-like fat blend protects against the development of severe colitis in the mucin-2 deficient murine model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Haskey ◽  
Jiayu Ye ◽  
Mehrbod Estaki ◽  
Andrea Verdugo-Meza ◽  
Jacqueline A Barnett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Mucin 2 ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Isocaloric Diets ◽  
Lactobacillus Animalis

The Mediterranean diet (MD) is a health-promoting diet containing approximately 40% total fat. It is not known if the blend of fats found in the MD contribute to the beneficial protective effects. We compared the MD fat blend (high monounsaturated, 2:1 n-6:n-3 polyunsaturated and moderate saturated fat) to isocaloric diets composed with corn oil (CO, n-6 polyunsaturated-rich), olive oil (high monounsaturated-rich) or milk fat (MF, saturated-rich) on spontaneous colitis development in Muc2-/- mice. The MD resulted in lower clinical and histopathological scores, and induced tolerogenic CD103+CD11b+ dendritic, Th22 and IL-17+IL-22+ cells important for intestinal barrier repair. MD also reduced attendant insulin resistance and a shift to a higher health-promoting gut microbes including Lactobacillus animalis and Muribaculaceae, whereas CO showed higher prevalence of mucin-degraders (Akkermansia muciniphila) and colitis promoters (Enterobacteriaceae). Our findings suggest that the MD fat blend could be recommended as a maintenance diet for colitis.

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