Effect of dietary cellulose on site of lipid absorption

1985 ◽  
Vol 249 (2) ◽  
pp. G184-G191
Author(s):  
D. Gallaher ◽  
B. O. Schneeman
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Lipid Absorption ◽  
Distal Intestine ◽  
Intestinal Contents ◽  
Microvillus Membrane ◽  
Stomach Emptying

The effect of dietary cellulose on the localization within the small intestine of isotopically labeled triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol (CH) from a test meal was investigated. Feeding a 20% cellulose meal resulted in greater quantities of 14C-TG present in both the contents and mucosa of the distal intestine compared with a fiber-free control meal. In contrast, cellulose had no effect on the localization of CH within either the intestinal contents or the mucosa. Accumulation of TG within the intestine was not due to differences in stomach emptying, as the emptying rate was similar for both TG and CH. Within the bulk phase TG must be hydrolyzed by pancreatic lipase before it is available for cellular uptake at the microvillus membrane, whereas CH requires no hydrolysis. The greater amount of TG, but not of CH, within the intestine suggests that cellulose can interfere with lipase activity in vivo. Consequently, cellulose can delay TG hydrolysis and increase the amount of lipid absorbed in the ileum.

scholarly journals Physiological parameters governing the action of pancreatic lipase

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iain A. Brownlee ◽  
Deborah J. Forster ◽  
Matthew D. Wilcox ◽  
Peter W. Dettmar ◽  
Chris J. Seal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Management ◽  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Lipid Absorption ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Lipid Ester ◽  
Duodenal Lumen

The most widely used pharmacological therapies for obesity and weight management are based on inhibition of gastrointestinal lipases, resulting in a reduced energy yield of ingested foods by reducing dietary lipid absorption. Colipase-dependent pancreatic lipase is believed to be the major gastrointestinal enzyme involved in catalysis of lipid ester bonds. There is scant literature on the action of pancreatic lipase under the range of physiological conditions that occur within the human small intestine, and the literature that does exist is often contradictory. Due to the importance of pancreatic lipase activity to nutrition and weight management, the present review aims to assess the current body of knowledge with regards to the physiology behind the action of this unique gastrointestinal enzyme system. Existing data would suggest that pancreatic lipase activity is affected by intestinal pH, the presence of colipase and bile salts, but not by the physiological range of Ca ion concentration (as is commonly assumed). The control of secretion of pancreatic lipase and its associated factors appears to be driven by gastrointestinal luminal content, particularly the presence of acid or digested proteins and fats in the duodenal lumen. Secretion of colipase, bile acids and pancreatic lipase is driven by cholecystokinin and secretin release.

Quercetin and fisetin enhanced the small intestine cellular uptake and plasma levels of epi-catechins in in vitro and in vivo models

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 234-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Oh Chung ◽  
Seon-Bong Lee ◽  
Kang-Hyun Jeong ◽  
Ji-Hoon Song ◽  
Su-Kyung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Strong Affinity

The catechol-containing flavonoids quercetin and fisetin could positively affect the absorption of catechins due to their strong affinity for COMT, which can methylate and cause the excretion of catechins.

Pomegranate leaf attenuates lipid absorption in the small intestine in hyperlipidemic mice by inhibiting lipase activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 732-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan YU ◽  
Xin-Pei WANG ◽  
Fan LEI ◽  
Jing-Fei JIANG ◽  
Jun LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Lipid Absorption

scholarly journals Intestinal distribution and absorption of biotin in the chicken

1989 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Bryden
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Initial Distribution ◽  
Portal Blood ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Microbial Synthesis ◽  
Progressive Decline ◽  
Tenfold Increase ◽  
Intestinal Contents

The initial distribution and absorption of biotin in chickens was studied in vivo from either changes in the composition of intestinal contents or analysis of blood draining the gut. The progressive decline in biotin concentration and flow along the small intestine demonstrated absorption throughout this organ. Quantitatively the duodenum was the most significant site of biotin absorption when crystalline biotin was included in the diet and when dietary ingredients contained highly available biotin. In contrast, when diets of low biotin availability were given the distal segments of the small intestine contributed a relatively greater amount to biotin absorption. During passage of digesta from the ileum to the caecum there was a tenfold increase in biotin concentration. About half the amount was of ileal origin with the remainder presumably resulting from microbial synthesis. About 20% of caecal biotin was in a ‘free’ form but the degree of absorption from the caeca was not determined. The amount of biotin disappearing from the gut of birds given maize-based diets was similar to the quantity appearing in portal blood. Biotin absorption was not detected from wheat-based diets using arteriovenous differences.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Activity of Benzophenones from Anemarrhena asphodeloides on Pancreatic Lipase

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Hee Jo ◽  
Seon Beom Kim ◽  
Jong Hoon Ahn ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
Bang Yeon Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Dietary Fats ◽  
Lipid Absorption ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Anemarrhena Asphodeloides

Pancreatic lipase is a key enzyme for lipid absorption by hydrolysis of total dietary fats. Therefore, inhibition of pancreatic lipase is suggested to be an effective therapy in the regulation of obesity. The EtOAc-soluble fraction of Anemarrhena asphodeloides rhizomes significantly inhibited pancreatic lipase activity as assessed using porcine pancreatic lipase as an in vitro assay system. Further fractionation of the EtOAc-soluble fraction of A. asphodeloides led to the isolation of a new benzophenone glycoside, zimoside A (1), together with the eleven known compounds iriflophenone (2), 2,4′,6-trihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (3), foliamangiferoside A (4), (2,3-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)(4-hydroxyphenyl)-methanone (5), 1,4,5,6,-tetrahydroxyxanthone (6), isosakuranetin (7), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (8), 4-hydroxyacetophenone (9), vanillic acid (10), tyrosol (11) and 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (12). Among the isolated compounds, 3, 5 and 10 showed significant inhibition of pancreatic lipase activity.

Decreased lipid absorption due to reduced pancreatic lipase activity in aging male mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 463-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazushi Yamamoto ◽  
Yasuna Kitano ◽  
Shuang E ◽  
Yu Hatakeyama ◽  
Yu Sakamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Lipid Absorption ◽  
Aging Male ◽  
Male Mice

PANCREATIC LIPASE ACTIVITY IN RELATION TO HIGH LEVELS OF FAT IN CALF MILK REPLACERS

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-465
Author(s):  
K. J. JENKINS
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Milk Replacers

An in vitro study indicated that pancreatic lipase (PL) can effectively hydrolyze and solubilize milk replacer fats under conditions simulating those in the small intestine. When PL was added to high fat milk replacers very little lipolysis occurred in vitro at the low pH values encountered in the calf abomasum.

scholarly journals Study of Antiobesity Effect through Inhibition of Pancreatic Lipase Activity ofDiospyros kakiFruit andCitrus unshiuPeel

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyo-Nam Kim ◽  
Mi-Rae Shin ◽  
Sung Ho Shin ◽  
Ah Reum Lee ◽  
Joo Young Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Diospyros Kaki ◽  
Fat Absorption ◽  
Dietary Fat Absorption

Pancreatic lipase is the enzyme responsible for digestion and absorption of triglycerides, being its inhibition one of the widest studied methods used to determine the potential activity of natural products to inhibit dietary fat absorption. Decrease of energy intake from dietary fat through inhibition of this enzyme may be an excellent strategy to prevent and treat obesity. The inhibitory activity on pancreatic lipase enzyme ofDiospyros kakifruit andCitrus unshiupeel mixture extract (PCM) was evaluatedin vitroand its antiobesity effects were studied based on the serum lipid parameters analysis from high-fat diet- (HFD-) fed micein vivo. PCM was orally administered at a dose of 50 and 200 mg/kg body weight for 6 weeks. In addition, the activity of pancreatic lipase was assessed using orlistat (positive control). PCM exhibited inhibitory effect on lipase activity with IC50value of 507.01 μg/mL. Moreover, serum triacylglycerol, total cholesterol levels, and visceral fat weight were significantly reduced compared to HFD control mice in PCM 200 mg/kg-treated mice (p<0.05). These results suggest that PCM administration may be a novel potential antiobesity agent for reduction of fat absorption via inhibition of pancreatic lipase.

scholarly journals Quantitative aspects of intestinal fat absorption in young pigs

1968 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Freeman ◽  
D. E. Noakes ◽  
E. F. Annison ◽  
K. J. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Micellar Solutions ◽  
Fat Absorption ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Intestinal Contents ◽  
Intestinal Fat Absorption

1. The uptake of lipid by the small intestine of the pig was examined by the perfusion of a segment of the jejunum with radioactively labelled lipid in vivo. The rate at which lipid was presented to the small intestine under specific dietary regimes was also examined by means of re-entrant fistulas in the duodenum and jejunum.2. The capacity of the small intestine to absorb micellar lipid, prepared in vitro or isolated from intestinal contents, was much in excess of the normal rate of flow of fat into the small intestine.3. There was little uptake of lipid when emulsions of oleic acid were examined, suggesting that the absorption of particulate fat is probably of little importance in pigs.4.No specificity in the removal of fatty acids from their mixed micellar solutions was observed.

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