scholarly journals Expression and function of transforming growth factor-β isoforms and cognate receptors in the rat urinary bladder following cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis

2013 ◽  
Vol 305 (9) ◽  
pp. F1265-F1276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J. Gonzalez ◽  
Beatrice M. Girard ◽  
Margaret A. Vizzard
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Bladder Capacity ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Rat Urinary Bladder ◽  
Urinary Bladder Dysfunction ◽  
Lower Urinary

Numerous proinflammatory cytokines have been implicated in the reorganization of lower urinary tract function following cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced cystitis. The present study investigated the functional profile of three pleiotropic transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) isoforms and receptor (TβR) variants in the normal and inflamed (CYP-induced cystitis) rat urinary bladder. Our findings indicate that TGF-β (1, 2, and 3) and TβR (1, 2, and 3) transcript and protein expression were regulated to varying degrees in the urothelium or detrusor smooth muscle following intermediate (48 h; 150 mg/kg ip) or chronic (75 mg/kg ip; once every 3 days for 10 days), but not acute (4 h; 150 mg/kg ip), CYP-induced cystitis. Conscious, open-outlet cystometry was performed to determine whether aberrant TGF-β signaling contributes to urinary bladder dysfunction following intermediate (48 h) CYP-induced cystitis. TβR-1 inhibition with SB505124 (5 μM) significantly (p ≤ 0.001) decreased voiding frequency and increased bladder capacity (2.5-fold), void volume (2.6-fold), and intercontraction intervals (2.5-fold) in CYP-treated (48 h) rats. Taken together, these results provide evidence for 1) the involvement of TGF-β in lower urinary tract neuroplasticity following urinary bladder inflammation, 2) a functional role of TGF-β signaling in the afferent limb of the micturition reflex, and 3) urinary bladder TβR-1 as a viable target to reduce voiding frequency with cystitis.

scholarly journals Risk of Cancer after Lower Urinary Tract Infection: A Population-Based Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Hung Huang ◽  
Ying-Hsiang Chou ◽  
Han-Wei Yeh ◽  
Jing-Yang Huang ◽  
Shun-Fa Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Urinary

To investigate the association among lower urinary tract infection (UTI), the type and timing of antibiotic usage, and the subsequent risk of developing cancers, especially genitourinary cancers (GUC), in Taiwan. This retrospective population-based cohort study was conducted using 2009–2013 data from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database. This study enrolled patients who were diagnosed with a UTI between 2010 and 2012. A 1:2 propensity score-matched control population without UTI served as the control group. Multivariate analysis with a multiple Cox regression model was applied to analyze the data. A total of 38,084 patients with UTI were included in the study group, and 76,168 participants without UTI were included in the control group. The result showed a higher hazard ratio of any cancer in both sexes with UTI (for males, adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.32; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.12–1.54; for females, aHR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.08–1.35). Patients with UTI had a higher probability of developing new GUC than those without UTI. Moreover, the genital organs, kidney, and urinary bladder of men were significantly more affected than those of women with prior UTI. Furthermore, antibiotic treatment for more than 7 days associated the incidence of bladder cancer in men (7–13 days, aHR = 1.23, 95% CI = 0.50–3.02; >14 days, aHR = 2.73, CI = 1.32–5.64). In conclusion, UTI is significantly related to GUC and may serve as an early sign of GUC, especially in the male genital organs, prostate, kidney, and urinary bladder. During UTI treatment, physicians should cautiously prescribe antibiotics to patients.

The relationship between detrusor state and tone of the large intestine and their sphincter apparatus in women with hyperactive urinary bladder

2017 ◽  
pp. 32-34
Author(s):  
S.A. Vozianov ◽  
◽  
M.P. Zakharash ◽  
Yu.M. Zakharash ◽  
N.A. Sevast'yanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Neurogenic Disorders ◽  
Neurogenic Dysfunction ◽  
Lower Urinary

The objective: increase the effectiveness of diagnosis and treatment of women with a hyperactive bladder, combined neurogenic pathology of the lower urinary tract and distal colon. Patients and methods. The study included 73 women. In assessing the symptoms of clinical manifestations and EMG and UFS data, two groups of patients were identified: the first group – women with increased tone of the neuro-muscular structures of the hyperkinetic type; the second group - women with an increased tone of the neuromuscular structures of the hypokinetic type. In the first group, 37 women were examined, whose mean age was 44.5±2.3 years, and the duration of the disease was 16.7±1.6 months. The second group included 36 women, whose average age was 43.4±2.1 years, and the average duration of the disease was 19.7±1.5 months. Results. The performed treatment showed clinically high efficiency of electrostimulation application depending on the state of the tone of the neuromuscular structures of the lower urinary tract and the distal part of the large intestine, which is confirmed by the data of UFS and EMG. Conclusion. The obtained data allowed to develop and optimize methods of treatment of women with hyperactive urinary bladder with a combined neurogenic pathology of the lower urinary tract and distal division of the large intestine. Key words: neurogenic disorders in urination, intestine neurogenic dysfunction, detrusor, uroflowmetry, electromyography.

scholarly journals Lower Urinary Tract Neoplasia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen Griffin ◽  
William Culp ◽  
Robert Rebhun
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Comparative Model ◽  
Lower Urinary

Lower urinary tract neoplasia in companion animals is a debilitating and often life-threatening disease. Tumors of the bladder, urethra, and prostate often occur independently, although extension of these tumors into adjacent regions of the lower urinary tract is documented frequently. The most common lower urinary tract tumor in dogs and cats is transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). In both dogs and cats, TCC affecting the urinary bladder is generally considered to be highly aggressive with both local and metastatic disease potential, and this disease poses unique treatment challenges. Whereas much literature exists regarding the TCC disease process, treatment options, and prognosis in dogs, relatively few studies on feline TCC have been published due to the lower incidence of TCC in this species. Prostate tumors, most commonly adenocarcinomas, occur less commonly in dogs and cats but serve an important role as a comparative model for prostate neoplasia in humans. This article serves as a review of the current information regarding canine and feline lower urinary tract neoplasia as well as the relevance of these diseases with respect to their human counterparts.

Reliability and validity of urinary nerve growth factor measurement in women with lower urinary tract symptoms

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 944-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopalan Vijaya ◽  
Rufus Cartwright ◽  
Alka Bhide ◽  
Alexandros Derpapas ◽  
Ruwan Fernando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Nerve Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Nerve Growth ◽  
Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽  
Factor Measurement ◽  
Lower Urinary

Inhibitory effect of neuropeptide Y on adrenergic and cholinergic transmission in rat urinary bladder and urethra

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (4) ◽  
pp. R1411-R1417 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. Tran ◽  
G. T. Somogyi ◽  
W. C. De Groat
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Ach Release ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Rat Urinary Bladder ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Lower Urinary

The effects of porcine neuropeptide Y (NPY) on electrically evoked release of [3H]norepinephrine ([3H]NE) and [3H]acetylcholine ([3H]ACh) were investigated in isolated preparations of the rat lower urinary tract. In the urethra, NPY (0.02-0.5 microM) decreased the release of [3H]NE in a dose-dependent manner (10-53%). In the bladder base the inhibitory effect of NPY on [3H]NE release was not dose dependent. A low concentration (0.1 microM) decreased the release (38%), whereas a high concentration (0.5 microM) had no effect. However, in atropine-treated preparations, 0.5 microM NPY elicited a significant inhibition (43%). These observations suggest that 0.5 microM NPY elicits two opposing actions: a direct inhibitory action on adrenergic terminals and an indirect disinhibitory action to eliminate heterosynaptic cholinergic inhibition of [3H]NE release. In both tissues the action of NPY on [3H]NE release was not significantly modified by the alpha-adrenergic blocking agent yohimbine (1 microM). [3H]ACh release in the bladder body was not altered by 0.1 microM NPY but was suppressed (39%) by 1 microM NPY. The effect of NPY (1 microM) on [3H]ACh release was dependent on the frequency of stimulation. NPY suppressed the release at 2-Hz stimulation but had no significant effect at 20 Hz. These results suggest that NPY may have an important role in the neural regulation of the lower urinary tract by exerting differential effects on the release of cholinergic and adrenergic transmitters via autoinhibition and heterosynaptic interactions.

Endoscopic examination of the urethra and the urinary bladder in dogs – indications, contraindications and performance technique

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 797-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Grzegory ◽  
K. Kubiak ◽  
M. Jankowski ◽  
J. Spużak ◽  
K. Glińska-Suchocka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Performance Technique ◽  
Performance Techniques ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Lower Urinary

Abstract This paper discusses indications, contraindications, and likely complications following the endoscopic examination of the urethra and the urinary bladder in dogs. In addition, the procedure performance techniques and evaluation of the particular sections of the lower urinary tract are presented as well as the equipment used for the urethrocystoscopy.

Nerve Growth Factor, Endothelin and Spinal Cord Injury in Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. S77-S79
Author(s):  
Teruyuki OGAWA ◽  
Satoshi SEKI ◽  
Shiro HIRAGATA ◽  
Kurumi SASATOMI ◽  
Izumi KAMO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Nerve Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction ◽  
Nerve Growth ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Lower Urinary
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