Low-calcium diet in hypercalciuric enuretic children restores AQP2 excretion and improves clinical symptoms

2002 ◽  
Vol 283 (5) ◽  
pp. F895-F903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Valenti ◽  
Antonia Laera ◽  
Sabine Gouraud ◽  
Giuseppe Pace ◽  
Gabriella Aceto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Intervention ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Calcium Diet ◽  
Aquaporin 2 ◽  
Low Calcium Diet ◽  
Low Calcium

In this study, we analyzed the effect of a therapeutic intervention in 46 enuretic children, 26 (57%) of whom were hypercalciuric. All the patients ( n = 46) were treated with DDAVP for 3–6 mo. The hypercalciuric patients ( n = 26) received a low-calcium diet (∼500 mg/day) for the same period. After the therapy, the bed-wetting episodes stopped in 80% of the 46 patients tested. In those patients having low-AVP levels before the therapy, circulating AVP concentration returned to normal (>4 pg/ml), and the hypercalciuria was resolved in the hypercalciuric patients (calcium/creatinine ratio <0.2). Urinary aquaporin-2 (AQP2) levels were semiquantified by densitometric scanning and reported as a ratio between the intensity of the signal in the day vs. the night urine samples (day/night AQP2 ratio). In the hypercalciuric patients, the day/night AQP2 ratio returned to values close to those found in the healthy children (from 1.19 ± 0.20 before to 0.69 ± 0.10 after the treatment, n = 26, P = 0.03). In contrast, in the normocalciuric children we saw no significant modulation of AQP2 excretion (from 1.07 ± 0.14 before to 0.99 ± 0.14 after the treatment, n = 20). This study clearly demonstrates that urinary calcium levels modulate AQP2 excretion and is likely to be useful for treatment of children with enuresis.

Effects of Low Calcium Diet on Urinary Calcium and Oxalate Excretion in Patients with Idiopathic Calcium Nephrolithiasis

2015 ◽  
pp. 22-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Colussi ◽  
Antonio Antonacci ◽  
Maurizio Surian ◽  
Giuseppe Pontoriero ◽  
Giuseppe Rombol� ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Oxalate Excretion ◽  
Calcium Diet ◽  
Low Calcium Diet ◽  
Low Calcium

scholarly journals Effect of Low-calcium Diet on Urinary Calcium in Osteoporosis

BMJ ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 1 (5272) ◽  
pp. 145-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Bhandarkar ◽  
B. E. C. Nordin
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Calcium Diet ◽  
Low Calcium Diet ◽  
Low Calcium

scholarly journals Icariin protects against cage layer osteoporosis by intervening in steroid biosynthesis and glycerophospholipid metabolism

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengwang Yu ◽  
Jie Huang ◽  
Zhongxin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Chinese Herb ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Steroid Biosynthesis ◽  
Metabolic Pathway Analysis ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Calcium Diet ◽  
Low Calcium Diet ◽  
Low Calcium

AbstractCage layer osteoporosis (CLO) is a common bone metabolism disease in the breeding industry of China. However, effective prevention for CLO has not been developed. Icariin (ICA), the main bioactive component of the Chinese herb Epimedium, has been shown to have good therapeutic effects on bone-related diseases. In this study, the effects of ICA were further evaluated in a low-calcium diet-induced CLO, and a serum metabolomics assay was performed to understand the underlying mechanisms. A total of 144 31-wk-old Lohmann pink-shell laying hens were randomly allocated to 4 groups with 6 replicates of 6 hens per replicate. The 4 dietary treatment groups consisted of a basal diet (3.5% calcium), a low-calcium diet (2.0% calcium), and a low-calcium diet supplemented with 0.5 or 2.0 g/kg ICA. The results showed that ICA exerted good osteoprotective effects on low-calcium diet-induced CLO. ICA significantly increased femur bone mineral density, improved bone microstructure, decreased bone metabolic level, and upregulated mRNA expression of bone formation genes in femoral bone tissue. Serum untargeted metabolomics analysis showed that 8 metabolite levels were significantly changed after ICA treatment, including increased contents of 7-dehydrocholesterol, 7-oxocholesterol, desmosterol, PC (18:1(9Z)/18:1(9Z)), PS (18:0/18:1(9Z)), N,N-dimethylaniline and 2-hydroxy-butanoic acid and decreased N2,N2-dimethylguanosine. Metabolic pathway analysis based on the above 8 metabolites indicated that ICA mainly perturbed steroid biosynthesis and glycerophospholipid metabolism. These findings suggest that ICA can effectively prevent bone loss in low-calcium diet-induced CLO by mediating steroid biosynthesis and glycerophospholipid metabolism and provide new information for the regulation of bone metabolic diseases.

scholarly journals Urinary Aquaporin 2 and Calciuria Correlate with the Severity of Enuresis in Children

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1873-1881
Author(s):  
GIOVANNA VALENTI ◽  
ANTONIA LAERA ◽  
GIUSEPPE PACE ◽  
GABRIELLA ACETO ◽  
MARIA L. LOSPALLUTI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Urine Sample ◽  
Western Blotting ◽  
Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Nocturnal Polyuria ◽  
Aquaporin 2 ◽  
Threefold Increase ◽  
Absorptive Hypercalciuria

Abstract. This study examined the hypothesis that nocturnal enuresis might be paralleled by aquaporin 2 (AQP2) urinary excretion. Eighty children who experienced nocturnal enuresis were studied and compared with 9 healthy children. The 24-h urine samples were divided into two portions: night collections and day collections. Creatinine equivalents of urine samples from each patient were analyzed by Western blotting. AQP2 levels were semiquantified by densitometric scanning and reported as a ratio between the intensity of the signal in the day urine sample versus the night urine sample (D/N AQP2 ratio). The D/N AQP2 ratio was 0.59 ± 0.11 (n = 9) in healthy children and increased to 1.27 ± 0.24 (n = 10) in a subpopulation of enuretic children who had low nocturnal vasopressin levels. In enuretic children who displayed hypercalciuria and had normal vasopressin levels, the D/N AQP2 ratio was 1.05 ± 0.27 (n = 8). These data indicate that reduced secretion of vasopressin and absorptive hypercalciuria are independently associated with an approximately twofold increase in the urinary D/N AQP2 ratio. When low nocturnal vasopressin levels were associated with hypercalciuria, a nearly threefold increase in the D/N AQP2 ratio was observed (1.67 ± 0.41, n = 11). In addition, in all enuretic patients tested, the urinary D/N AQP2 ratio correlates perfectly with the severity of the disorder (nocturnal polyuria). The findings reported in this article indicate that urinary AQP2 correlates with the severity of enuresis in children.

scholarly journals Intestinal Resistance to 1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D in Mice Heterozygous for the Vitamin D Receptor Knockout Allele

Endocrinology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 148 (3) ◽  
pp. 1396-1402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yurong Song ◽  
James C. Fleet
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Receptor ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Gene Knockout ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Calcium Diet ◽  
Low Calcium Diet ◽  
Low Calcium

We tested the hypothesis that low vitamin D receptor (VDR) level causes intestinal vitamin D resistance and intestinal calcium (Ca) malabsorption. To do so, we examined vitamin D regulated duodenal Ca absorption and gene expression [transient receptor potential channel, vallinoid subfamily member 6 (TRPV6), 24-hydroxylase, calbindin D9k (CaBP) mRNA, and CaBP protein] in wild-type mice and mice with reduced tissue VDR levels [i.e. heterozygotes for the VDR gene knockout (HT)]. Induction of 24-hydroxylase mRNA levels by 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2 D3] injection was significantly reduced in the duodenum and kidney of HT mice in both time-course and dose-response experiments. TRPV6 and CaBP mRNA levels in duodenum were significantly induced after 1,25(OH)2 D3 injection, but there was no difference in response between wild-type and HT mice. Feeding a low-calcium diet for 1 wk increased plasma PTH, renal 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) mRNA level, and plasma 1,25(OH)2 D3, and this response was greater in HT mice (by 88, 55, and 37% higher, respectively). In contrast, duodenal TRPV6 and CaBP mRNA were not higher in HT mice fed the low-calcium diet. However, the response of duodenal Ca absorption and CaBP protein to increasing 1,25(OH)2 D3 levels was blunted by 40% in HT mice. Our data show that low VDR levels lead to resistance of intestinal Ca absorption to 1,25(OH)2 D3, and this resistance may be due to a role for the VDR (and VDR level) in the translation of CaBP.

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