Ring distraction technique for measuring surface tension of sputum: relationship to sputum clearability

1996 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 2690-2695 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Albers ◽  
R. P. Tomkiewicz ◽  
M. K. May ◽  
O. E. Ramirez ◽  
B. K. Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Work Of Adhesion ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Low Surface Energy ◽  
Measuring Surface ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ring Method ◽  
Young Equation ◽  
Made In

Albers, G. M., R. P. Tomkiewicz, M. K. May, O. E. Ramirez, and B. K. Rubin. Ring distraction technique for measuring surface tension of sputum: relationship to sputum clearability. J. Appl. Physiol. 81(6): 2690–2695, 1996.—Poor sputum clearance has been related to sputum adhesion tension. In this study, we describe a modified du Noüy ring method for measuring the surface tension (γ) of small samples of sputum and for comparinge the calculated work of adhesion (Wad) for sputum specimens with the measured mucociliary transportability (MCTR) and cough transportability (CTR). The γ, as measured by this method, correlates with γ measured by sputum contact angle on a low-surface-energy solid ( R 2= 0.368, P = 0.03). There is a small but significant difference in measurements made by these two methods ( P = 0.03). Wad calculated from the surface tension ring method is inversely correlated with CTR ( R 2= 0.181, P = 0.004) but has no correlation with MCTR in this study. The miniaturized ring method gives accurate and reproducible measurements of the surface tension of small amounts of respiratory secretions. Because sputum behaves enough like a liquid that the assumptions made in using the Young equation to calculate Wad appear valid, we also showed that the Neumann equation can be used to determine the surface tension of sputum by its contact angle on tetrafluoroethylene (Teflon).

scholarly journals Oil Adjuvants Enhance the Efficacy of Pyraclostrobin in Managing Cucumber Powdery Mildew (Podosphaera xanthii) by Modifying the Affinity of Fungicide Droplets on Diseased Leaves

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (7) ◽  
pp. 1657-1664
Author(s):  
Lifei He ◽  
Xiaoxu Li ◽  
Yangyang Gao ◽  
Beixing Li ◽  
Wei Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Work Of Adhesion ◽  
Podosphaera Xanthii ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Cucumber Powdery Mildew ◽  
Fungicide Mixtures

Adding adjuvants improved the affinity of fungicide droplets to cucumber leaves infected with powdery mildew (Podosphaera xanthii) and subsequent efficacy of fungicide treatments in reducing the disease. The affinity of oil adjuvants was quantified by adhesional tension and “work of adhesion”. Oil adjuvant-fungicide mixtures were applied to plants in field experiments to evaluate their effectiveness in disease prevention. Both the adhesional tension and work of adhesion of the adjuvants at selected concentrations increased on powdery-mildew-infected cucumber leaves more than on healthy cucumber leaves. The adjuvant GY-Tmax (GYT) displayed the best surface activity or “surfactivity” in enhancing the affinity and adherence of droplets to powdery-mildew-infected cucumber leaves, while epoxidized soybean oil (ESO), methyl oleate, and biodiesel exhibited much lower effects in terms of the surface tension, contact angle, adhesional tension, and work of adhesion. Field experiments determined that the combination of GYT at 1,000 mg liter−1 and pyraclostrobin (150 g a.i. ha−1) was most effective (91.52%) in controlling cucumber powdery mildew. Pyraclostrobin with ESO was also highly effective (ranging from 77.54 to 89.65%). The addition of oil adjuvants, especially GYT and ESO, to fungicide applications can be an effective strategy to enhance the efficacy of pesticides in controlling plant diseases by modifying the affinity of fungicide droplets to symptomatic leaves.

A NOTE ON THE RING METHOD OF MEASURING SURFACE TENSION

Science ◽  
1924 ◽  
Vol 60 (1553) ◽  
pp. 319-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Klopsteg
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Measuring Surface ◽  
Ring Method

CONCERNING THE RING METHOD FOR MEASURING SURFACE TENSION

Science ◽  
1927 ◽  
Vol 65 (1676) ◽  
pp. 160-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. D. Nouy
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Measuring Surface ◽  
Ring Method

scholarly journals Evaluation of wettability characteristics and adhesion of resin composite to photo-polymerized pulp-capping materials with and without bioactive glass

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-343
Author(s):  
Fatih Tulumbaci ◽  
Emre Korkut ◽  
Hazal Ozer ◽  
Mutlu Özcan
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Sessile Drop ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
Made In

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate mechanical and physical properties of three different light-curable resin-based materials (TheraCal LC, Biner LC, and CalciPlus LC) with or without BAG. Material and Methods: 15 cylindrically shaped specimens (n=5) were prepared for contact angle test. The test values (Θ) were determined with the sessile drop method using three test liquids. 30 acrylic cylindrical blocks were prepared, and holes of (6mmx1mm) were made in the center of the cylinders for shear bond strength test. An adhesive system and a restorative composite material were applied via cylindrically shaped plastic tubes of (2mmx2mm) at the center of the light-curable resin-based material surfaces. The specimens were mounted in a universal testing machine. A crosshead speed of 1 mm/min was applied to each specimen using a knife-edge blade. Results: The highest (74.77°±13.56) and the lowest (35.35°±12.89) contact angle values were recorded for the MB Biner LC group and the CalciPlus LC, respectively. Statistically significant differences observed in contact angle values between the test groups (p<0.05). The surface free energy of Biner LC (γS 36.22) was lower than that of TheraCal LC (γS 44.70) and CalciPlus LC (γS 46.20) (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in shear bond strength values between TheraCal LC and CalciPlus LC (p>0.05). Conclusions: Hydrophilic property of Theracal LC and Calciplus LC resulted in better bonding strength in these materials. The BAG used in Calciplus LC did not adversely affect mechanical and surface properties of the material.

Simple, Fast, and Accurate In silico Estimations of Contact Angle, Surface Tension, and Work of Adhesion of Water and Oil Nanodroplets on Amorphous Polypropylene Surfaces

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2855-2859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Romero Nieto ◽  
Francesca Santese ◽  
Radovan Toth ◽  
Paola Posocco ◽  
Sabrina Pricl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Work Of Adhesion

Study on Surface Tension of Membrane Made in Cellulose Diacetate

2017 ◽  
Vol 744 ◽  
pp. 375-379
Author(s):  
Hua Huang ◽  
Yue Fei Wang ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Ying Wu ◽  
Tao Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Flat Glass ◽  
Critical Surface ◽  
Linear Extrapolation ◽  
Cellulose Diacetate ◽  
Critical Surface Tension ◽  
Glass Slides ◽  
Harmonic Equation ◽  
Made In

The value of surface tension is important for choosing oil in CA fibers production. So indirect method were used to analyze the surface tension of CA fibers in this paper. First, Chips of CA were dissolved in acetone solution with 5%, 10%, 15% three kinds of concentration. The three kinds of concentration of the solution were heated 5 hours with 55°C and then standing and defoaming for 24h. Squeeze the solution with two flat glass slides to make the membranes. Second, choose deionized water, Glycerin, Formamide, Bromonaphthalene and Diiodomethane with different polarity as tested liquids to measure the contact angle of CA membrane with JC2000C contact angle meter. Then, Zisman’s linear extrapolation method was used to measure the critical surface tension of CA membranes. On the other hand, S. Wu’S harmonic equation on average method was used too for comparison. The value of two different methods was the same, 42 mN/m, and the result indicated that the estimated method was reliable.

scholarly journals Ring Method for Measuring Surface Tension

Nature ◽  
1935 ◽  
Vol 135 (3410) ◽  
pp. 397-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
LECOMTE DU NOÜY
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Measuring Surface ◽  
Ring Method

scholarly journals Influence of moisture content on the contact angle and surface tension measured on birch wood surfaces

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rami Benkreif ◽  
Fatima Zohra Brahmia ◽  
Csilla Csiha
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Surface Moisture ◽  
Wood Coatings ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Wood Surfaces

AbstractSurface tension of solid wood surfaces affects the wettability and thus the adhesion of various adhesives and wood coatings. By measuring the contact angle of the wood, the surface tension can be calculated based on the Young-Dupré equation. Several publications have reported on contact angle measured with different test liquids, under different conditions. Results can only be compared if the test conditions are similar. While the roles of the drop volume, image shooting time etc., are widely recognized, the role of the wood surface moisture content (MC) is not evaluated in detail. In this study, the effect of wood moisture content on contact angle values, measured with distilled water and diiodomethane, on sanded birch (Betula pendula) surfaces was investigated, in order to find the relationship between them. With increasing MC from approximately 6% to 30%, increasing contact angle (decreasing surface tension) values were measured according to a logarithmic function. The function makes possible the calculation of contact angles that correspond to different MCs.

scholarly journals Surface Tension and Density of Liquid Hot Work Tool Steel W360 by voestalpine BÖHLER Edelstahl GmbH & Co KG Measured with an Electromagnetic Levitation Apparatus

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Leitner ◽  
Anna Werkovits ◽  
Siegfried Kleber ◽  
Gernot Pottlacher
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Pure Iron ◽  
Electromagnetic Levitation ◽  
Liquid Density ◽  
Hot Work Tool Steel ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Main Component

AbstractW360 is a hot work tool steel produced by voestalpine BÖHLER Edelstahl GmbH & Co KG, a special steel producer located in Styria, Austria. Surface tension and density of liquid W360 were studied as a function of temperature in a non-contact, containerless fashion using the oscillating drop method inside an electromagnetic levitation setup. For both, surface tension and density, a linear model was adapted to present the temperature dependence of these measures, including values for the uncertainties of the fit parameters found. The data obtained are compared to pure iron (with 91 wt% the main component of W360), showing an overlap for the liquid density while there is a significant difference in surface tension (− 5.8 % at the melting temperature of pure iron of 1811 K).

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