scholarly journals Early onset airway obstruction in response to organic dust in the horse

2007 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 1071-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Deaton ◽  
Laura Deaton ◽  
Eduard Jose-Cunilleras ◽  
Thea L. Vincent ◽  
Alan W. Baird ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Phase Response ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Organic Dust ◽  
Histamine Concentration ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Healthy Control

Equine recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) has been used as a naturally occurring model of human asthma. However, it is unknown whether there is an early-phase response in RAO. The aim of this study was to determine whether exposure to organic dust induces immediate changes in lung function in RAO-affected horses, which could be mediated by airway mast cells. Six RAO-affected horses in remission and six control horses were challenged with hay-straw dust suspension by nebulization. Total respiratory resistance at 1 Hz, measured by forced oscillation, was increased from 0.62 ± 0.09 cmH2O·l−1·s (mean ± SE) to 1.23 ± 0.20 cmH2O·l−1·s 15 min after nebulization in control horses ( P = 0.023) but did not change significantly in the RAO group. Total respiratory reactance at 1 Hz ( P = 0.005) was significantly lower in the control horses (−0.77 ± 0.07 cmH2O·l−1·s) than in the RAO group (−0.49 ± 0.04 cmH2O·l−1·s) 15 min after nebulization. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) histamine concentration was significantly elevated 10 and 20 min postnebulization in control horses but not in RAO horses. Minimum reactance at 1 Hz in the early postnebulization period significantly correlated with both prechallenge BALF mast cell numbers ( r = −0.65, P = 0.02) and peak BALF histamine concentration postnebulization ( r = −0.61, P = 0.04). In conclusion, RAO horses, unlike human asthmatic patients, do not exhibit an early-phase response. However, healthy control horses do demonstrate a mild but significant early (<20 min) phase response to inhaled organic dust. This response may serve to decrease the subsequent dose of dust inhaled and as such provide a protective mechanism, which may be compromised in RAO horses.

Identification of neutrophil chemotactic factors in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of asthmatic patients

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. TERAN ◽  
M. G. CAMPOS ◽  
B. T. BEGISHVILLI ◽  
J.-M. SCHRODER ◽  
R. DJUKANOVIC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Chemotactic Factors

Expression Level of MiRNA-126 in Serum Exosomes of Allergic Asthma Patients and Lung Tissues of Asthmatic Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 799-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meizhen Zhao ◽  
Yu-Pei Li ◽  
Xiao-Rui Geng ◽  
Miao Zhao ◽  
Shi-Bo Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Sige Level ◽  
Bronchial Lumen ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
Serum Exosomes

Background: To investigate MiRNA-126 amounts in serum exosomes from allergic asthma patients as well as lung tissues of asthmatic mice, evaluating the expression of its target gene DNMT1 in mouse specimens. Methods: MiRNA-126 amounts in serum exosomes from asthmatic patients were detected by real-time PCR. The mouse model of allergic asthma was established by OVA-sensitization, and allergic symptoms were recorded; serum IL-4 and sIgE level evaluation (ELISA), broncho alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell count and H&E staining were performed to assess airway inflammation. MiRNA-126 and DNMT1 levels in the lung of asthmatic and control mice were detected by real-time PCR; DNMT1 protein levels were detected by immunoblot. Results: MiRNA-126 amounts in peripheral blood exosomes from patients with allergic asthma were significantly higher than that of healthy volunteers (P<0.05). The frequencies of scratching of both sides of the nose and sneezing were elevated within 10 min of excitation in asthmatic rats compared with controls. Meanwhile, OVA-sIgE and IL-4 levels were significantly higher in asthmatic animals than controls (P<0.05). In the asthma group, narrowed bronchial lumen and thickened wall were observed, and bronchial and peripheral vessels showed overt inflammatory cell infiltration. Eosinophil, neutrophil and mast cell amounts in the BALF of asthmatic mice were significantly higher than control values. Furthermore, lung miRNA-126 expression in asthmatic mice was significantly higher than that of controls. Finally, DNMT1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly lower in asthmatic animals compared with controls (P < 0.01). Conclusion: MiRNA-126 is highly expressed in serum exosomes from allergic asthma patients and lung tissues of asthmatic mice, suggesting that it may be involved in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma.

scholarly journals S100A9 in adult asthmatic patients: a biomarker for neutrophilic asthma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quang Luu Quoc ◽  
Youngwoo Choi ◽  
Tra Cao Thi Bich ◽  
Eun-Mi Yang ◽  
Yoo Seob Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Macrophage Polarization ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Airway Epithelial Cells ◽  
Neutrophil Activation ◽  
Neutrophil Extracellular Trap ◽  
Airway Epithelial ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
M1 Macrophage

AbstractThe biomarkers and therapeutic targets of neutrophilic asthma (NA) are poorly understood. Although S100 calcium-binding protein A9 (S100A9) has been shown to correlate with neutrophil activation, its role in asthma pathogenesis has not been clarified. This study investigated the mechanism by which S100A9 is involved in neutrophil activation, neutrophil extracellular trap (NET)-induced airway inflammation, and macrophage polarization in NA. The S100A9 levels (by ELISA) in sera/culture supernatant of peripheral blood neutrophils (PBNs) and M0 macrophages from asthmatic patients were measured and compared to those of healthy controls (HCs). The function of S100A9 was evaluated using airway epithelial cells (AECs) and PBNs/M0 macrophages from asthmatic patients, as well as a mouse asthma model. The serum levels of S100A9 were higher in NA patients than in non-NA patients, and there was a positive correlation between serum S100A9 levels and sputum neutrophil counts (r = 0.340, P = 0.005). Asthmatic patients with higher S100A9 levels had lower PC20 methacholine values and a higher prevalence of severe asthma (SA) (P < .050). PBNs/M0 macrophages from SA released more S100A9 than those from non-SA patients. PBNs from asthmatic patients induced S100A9 production by AECs, which further activated AECs via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, stimulated NET formation, and induced M1 macrophage polarization. Higher S100A9 levels in sera, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and lung tissues were observed in the mouse model of NA but not in the other mouse models. These results suggest that S100A9 is a potential serum biomarker and therapeutic target for NA.

scholarly journals Symptoms and perception of airway obstruction in asthmatic patients: Clinical implications for use of reliever medications

2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (5) ◽  
pp. 1180-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Barnes ◽  
Stanley J. Szefler ◽  
Helen K. Reddel ◽  
Bradley E. Chipps
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Asthmatic Patients

scholarly journals Polymorphonuclear function in naturally occurring renal failure in dogs

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 236-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kralova ◽  
L. Leva ◽  
M. Toman
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Human Medicine ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Significant Elevation ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Leukocyte Counts

Chronic renal failure causes immunosuppression in people and is thought to be one of the causes of non-infectious secondary immunosuppression in dogs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in counts and activity of polymorphonuclears in dogs with chronic renal failure in various stages. Haematological, biochemical examinations and examination of non-specific immune response cells (total and differential leukocyte counts, phagocytosis of methacrylate particles, chemiluminescence test, and level of lysozyme) were performed in blood samples obtained from these dogs. Neutrophilia, lymphopoenia and a decreased number of eosinophils in comparison with healthy control were the main findings in groups with clinical signs. We found the statistically highly significant elevation of lysozyme level; it was in a strong positive correlation with the level of urea, creatinine and phosphorus. We did not find any statistically significant changes in phagocytosis process and other serological factors. In conclusion, despite the reports from human medicine, chronic renal failure in dogs does not alter phagocytosis. From this aspect, the elevation of lysozyme level is the main effect of uraemia.

scholarly journals Distinct profile of inflammatory and remodelling biomarkers in sputum of severe asthmatic patients with or without persistent airway obstruction

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 100078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Cianchetti ◽  
Cristina Cardini ◽  
Ilaria Puxeddu ◽  
Manuela Latorre ◽  
Maria Laura Bartoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Severe Asthmatic

scholarly journals Equine Recurrent Airway Obstruction

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Niedźwiedź
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Recurrent Airway Obstruction ◽  
Organic Dust ◽  
Mucus Production ◽  
Neutrophilic Inflammation

AbstractEquine Recurrent Airway Obstruction (RAO), also known as heaves or broken wind, is one of the most common disease in middle-aged horses. Inflammation of the airway is inducted by organic dust exposure. This disease is characterized by neutrophilic inflammation, bronchospasm, excessive mucus production and pathologic changes in the bronchiolar walls. Clinical signs are resolved in 3-4 weeks after environmental changes. Horses suffering from RAO are susceptible to allergens throughout their lives, therefore they should be properly managed. In therapy the most importanthing is to eliminate dust exposure, administration of corticosteroids and use bronchodilators to improve pulmonary function.

Modeling the acute- and late-phase responses to peripheral airway cooling and desiccation

2002 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Davis ◽  
Chris M. Royer ◽  
Mark Payton ◽  
Brian Buttress
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Polynomial Function ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
Phase Response ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Peripheral Airway ◽  
Isocapnic Hyperpnea

Acute bronchoconstriction after isocapnic hyperpnea can be produced in most asthmatic individuals. However, the existence of a late-phase response is less certain. We used a canine model of isocapnic hyperpnea to test the hypothesis that this discrepancy is due to differences in the challenge threshold for the responses. Acute-phase and late-phase bronchoconstriction was measured in nine dogs after peripheral airway exposure to unconditioned air. Additionally, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was obtained during the late-phase response. The acute-phase response was a polynomial function with a decreasing slope at higher challenges, whereas the late-phase response suggested that a minimum threshold of challenge severity was needed to produce late-phase bronchoconstriction. BALF leukocyte and eicosanoid concentrations had linear relationships with challenge severity. Our data support the hypothesis that acute- and late-phase posthyperpnea responses have different dose-response relationships, a fact that may explain the frequent lack of a late-phase response. However, our data suggest that mild inflammation can be induced with relatively lower challenge severity.

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