Invited Review: Role of mechanophysiology in aging of ECM: effects of changes in mechanochemical transduction

2003 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 2134-2141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick H. Silver ◽  
Dale DeVore ◽  
Lorraine M. Siperko
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Mechanical Forces ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Cellular Behavior ◽  
Cellular Events ◽  
Musculoskeletal Tissues ◽  
Mammalian Tissues ◽  
Mechanochemical Transduction ◽  
The Relationship

Mechanical forces play a role in the development and evolution of extracellular matrices (ECMs) found in connective tissue. Gravitational forces acting on mammalian tissues increase the net muscle forces required for movement of vertebrates. As body mass increases during development, musculoskeletal tissues and other ECMs are able to adapt their size to meet the increased mechanical requirements. However, the control mechanisms that allow for rapid growth in tissue size during development are altered during maturation and aging. The purpose of this mini-review is to examine the relationship between mechanical loading and cellular events that are associated with downregulation of mechanochemical transduction, which appears to contribute to aging of connective tissue. These changes result from decreases in growth factor and hormone levels, as well as decreased activation of the phosphorelay system that controls cell division, gene expression, and protein synthesis. Studies pertaining to the interactions among mechanical forces, growth factors, hormones, and their receptors will better define the relationship between mechanochemical transduction processes and cellular behavior in aging tissues.

scholarly journals Management Control in Inter-organizational Relationships: The Case of Franchises

Innovar ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (58) ◽  
pp. 23-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Cordobés Madueño ◽  
Pilar Solde
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Personal Relationship ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Organizational Relationships ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Organizational Relations ◽  
The Relationship

There is great interest in the role of management control on theoretical and practical developments within the field of Inter-organizational Relations. This research aims to contribute at verifying how relationships between firms affect the management control tools used, as illustrated in a specific case: the relationship between the franchisor and its franchisees, which has not received much attention to date. As indicated by previous research, case studies can be helpful to determine the factors affecting the type of management control tools that should be established to manage inter-firm relationships.Results have found that the franchisor uses quantitative control mechanisms in order to avoid common types of opportunistic franchise behavior related to royalty payments and other financial requirements, as well as qualitative tools to assure the fulfilment of agreement-related conditions regarding knowhow, to resolve unexpected non-economic problems and to encourage personal relationship and trust. This study also provides an outline on franchisor-franchisee relationships in the model proposed by Van der Meer-Kooistra and Vosselman (2000). To test this model, the franchisor's perspective (outsourcer) has been taken into account as performed when building the model. Findings indicate that this relationship shows many similarities to the pattern based on bureaucracy and a few similarities to patterns based on trust.

scholarly journals The Influence of the Antecedents of SCQRM Implementation on Organizational Performance with the Moderating Role of Organizational Culture in the Indonesian Navy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Yohannes Enggar Riyadi ◽  
Lucy Warsindah ◽  
Agus Adriyanto ◽  
Dangan Waluyo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Strategic Leadership ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Information Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

<p><em>This study aims to determine the effect of the antecedents of Supply chain quality risk management (SCQRM) implementation on organizational performance with the moderating role of organizational culture in the Indonesian Navy. Based on data from questionnaire survey data totaling 260 Indonesian Navy officers, the SCQRM theory model is proposed and the structural equation model is used to test the proposed hypothesis. The results show that strategic leadership, information, and control mechanisms are significant antecedents of SCQRM implementation. Furthermore, strategic leadership and information significantly contribute to organizational performance. An interesting finding is that control mechanisms do not have a direct impact on organizational performance, but they do contribute indirectly to organizational performance mediated by SCQRM implementation. Also, SCQRM implementation significantly contributes to organizational performance and the moderating effect of organizational culture strengthens the relationship between SCQRM implementation and organizational performance. This study focuses on the concept and implementation of SCQRM in Indonesian Navy logistics with the role of strategic leadership, information, control mechanisms, and organizational culture to improve organizational performance using single respondents and expert perceptions, namely Indonesian Navy Officers. The managerial implications suggest that complementary benefits arise from the adoption of a more holistic approach to the management of supply chain quality risk at the organizational level with</em><em> </em><em>supported the role of strategic leadership, information, control mechanisms, and organizational culture will improve organizational performance. Three contributions to science in the development of SCQRM theory. <strong>First</strong>, this study develops an SCQRM theoretical model with three unique dimensions (supplier development, risk management integration, and proactive product recall). <strong>Second</strong>, this study provides a new perfection of how the complementarity system of SCQRM is operated to improve organizational performance. Moreover, the findings imply that a successful SCQRM implementation is built on a complementarity power in risk management resources and routines. The multiple manifestations of the three SCQRM dimensions are all driven by a cohesive, yet unobserved synergy, which also forms one of the competencies of the organization. <strong>Third</strong>, this study also provides a new perfection on the role of strategic leadership, information and control mechanisms as antecedents of SCQRM implementation, and the moderating role of organizational culture that strengthens the relationship between SCQRM implementation and organizational performance</em><em>.   </em><strong></strong></p>

Effect of Position and Flow Waveform on the Fluid Mechanics of a Stenosed Human Right Coronary Artery

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. B. Chandran ◽  
S. D. Ramaswamy ◽  
Y.-G. Lai ◽  
A. Wahle ◽  
M. Sonka
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Mechanics ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Coronary Vessels ◽  
Mechanical Forces ◽  
Flow Waveform ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Plaque Growth ◽  
Oscillatory Shear Stress ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Complete occlusion in any of the coronary vessels leads to a myocardial infarction. The role of fluid mechanical forces in atheroma development has been widely accepted because of preferential plaque growth at certain locations of the vessel geometry, such as a bifurcation or regions of high degrees of curvature. Areas of low and/or oscillatory shear stress have been correlated with atheroma development [1]. In order to determine the relationship between fluid mechanical stresses and development of lesions in the coronary vessels, it is important to analyze the fluid mechanics in actual three-dimensional geometries, incorporating the time-dependent translation and geometric alterations of these vessels [2,3].

scholarly journals The European Central Bank and the German Constitutional Court: Police Patrols and Fire Alarms

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-251
Author(s):  
Clément Fontan ◽  
David Howarth
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Principal Agent ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
European Central ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Federal Constitutional ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
German Federal Constitutional Court

In May 2020, a ruling of the German Federal Constitutional Court (FCC) questioned the legality of the Bundesbank’s participation in the European Central Bank’s (ECB’s) Public Sector Purchase Programme. Applying elements of a principal-agent analysis, this article analyses how the FCC ruling presents us with a new understanding of the relationship between the ECB, other EU institutions and Eurozone member states. Existing principal-agent analyses of the ECB focus upon its relations with other EU-level institutions and point to the limited ex ante control mechanisms and efforts to reinforce ex post control mechanisms—notably European Parliament oversight. The FCC ruling and the ECB’s reaction demonstrate the relative importance of national level controls over the ECB agent. This article understands the role of private plaintiffs in Germany as a form of ‘fire alarm’ on ECB policymaking against the background of weak ex post controls at the EU-level.

Managerial control mechanisms and their influence on project performance: an investigation of the moderating role of complexity risk

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 2451-2475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahsen Maqsoom ◽  
Muhammad Hamad ◽  
Hassan Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad Jamaluddin Thaheem ◽  
Muhammad Umer
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Project Performance ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Managerial Control ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

PurposeDespite the efforts of project managers and the widespread use of project management methodologies, most of the projects remain unfulfilling in terms of delivering targeted performance. This for most part can be attributed to the inability of an organization to implement control mechanisms and ineffective management of complexity risk. Keeping in view the aforementioned problem, the objective of this study is to investigate the association between control modes and project performance. Moreover, this study also examines the moderating role of complexity risk on the association among various control modes and project performance.Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected from 171 construction projects through a postal questionnaire survey. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was utilized for testing the hypothesized relationships of the research model.FindingsThis study found significant positive relation between formal and informal control mechanisms and project performance. It is found that complexity risk significantly moderates the relationship between control modes and project performance. The results indicate that complexity risk positively moderates the relationship between outcome control and clan control with project performance. Furthermore, complexity risks negatively moderates the relationship between behavior control and project performance. However, the association between self-control and project performance is found insignificant in the presence of complexity risk.Originality/valueThis study is the first attempt to study the relationship of control mechanisms, complexity risk and project performance in the construction industry.

Preserving Memory Through Branding

2019 ◽  
pp. 366-389
Author(s):  
Marta Massi ◽  
Chiara Piancatelli ◽  
Roberta Ghilardi
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Brand Management ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Public Programming ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter examines the role of museum brands as the connective tissue of several museum activities, including advocacy, promotion and public programming. Albeit broadly examined with reference to businesses, branding is rarely looked at in the museum context. By providing a review of the literature on museum branding, supported by extracts from interviews with museums managers conducted in the 2008-2018 period, the authors emphasize how the role of brands has progressively become more critical in the museum context and how brand management processes are increasingly developed in order to support museum activities. The chapter emphasizes how museums are not only institutions aimed at preserving their collections, but also organizations that should build an active relationship with their publics. Brands are, therefore, described as relational tools that can help museums to manage the relationship with their different stakeholders, including donors and funders. Managerial implications and future directions are outlined.

Prospects for the use of collagen-containing matrices in directed tissue regeneration. Literature review

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Е. М. Boyko ◽  
A. A. Dolgalev ◽  
D. V. Stomatov ◽  
S. G. Ivashkevih ◽  
A. A. Chagarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
San Antonio ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Negative Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Decay Products ◽  
The Relationship

Studies of recent decades have convincingly shown that collagen in connective tissue plays not only a structural role. In the 80s of the XX centu[1]ry, A. Pishinger and H. Heine suggested the informative-regulatory role of collagen in the extracellular matrix (A. Pischinger, 1990). In recent years, the morphogenetic function of collagen has been actively studied, the implementation of which is possible due to the presence of collagen re[1]ceptors on the surface of various cell populations, such as platelets and fibroblasts. Collagen regulates the remodeling of the extracellular matrix (J. D. San Antonio et al., 2020). At the same time, its decay products, which stimulate growth by the negative feedback mechanism, are probably of great importance. In general, the relationship between the synthesis and breakdown of collagen is of fundamental importance for the regulation of connective tissue growth.

The relationship between skin stretching/contraction and pathologic scarring: The important role of mechanical forces in keloid generation

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rei Ogawa ◽  
Kazuhisa Okai ◽  
Fumio Tokumura ◽  
Kazuyuki Mori ◽  
Yasutaka Ohmori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Forces ◽  
Skin Stretching ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals The role of genetic factors in the pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma. Part 1. Connective tissue

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
Anastasiia N. Zhuravleva ◽  
Maria O. Kirillova ◽  
Marina V. Zueva ◽  
Vitaliy V. Kadyshev
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Preclinical Diagnosis ◽  
The Relationship

The article presents an analytical review of works devoted to molecular and genetic studies in primary open-angle glaucoma from the perspective of the concept of hereditary inferiority of the connective tissue of the eye (scleral component), and the entire body as a whole, as triggers in the development of the disease. The relationship between the main theories of the pathogenesis of glaucoma optical neuropathy and the determining role of molecular and genetic mechanisms of specific changes in the eye tissue is shown. The clinical features of primary open-angle glaucoma in patients with a family history are analyzed. Potentially new directions for preclinical diagnosis of glaucoma and pathogenetically oriented therapy are proposed.

Do control mechanisms always promote collaborative performance: the role of formal institutions and business ties

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 1871-1886
Author(s):  
Liping Qian ◽  
Yiyao Wang ◽  
Pianpian Yang
Keyword(s):  
Government Support ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Formal Institutions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Relational Norms ◽  
Legal Enforcement ◽  
Collaborative Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Business Ties

Purpose This paper aims to examine the effectiveness of control mechanisms in promoting collaborative performance by exploring the moderating effects of formal institutions (government support and legal enforcement in this study) and informal ties (business ties in this study) on the relationship between control mechanisms and collaborative performance. Design/methodology/approach A conceptual model is developed with the direct effects of contractual execution and relational norms on collaborative performance and the moderating effects of government support, legal enforcement and business ties on the above relationships. Hierarchical regression analysis is used to test the hypotheses based on 393 responses from Chinese computer and computer components distributors. Findings The empirical results generally support the conceptual model. First, consistent with most previous studies, both contractual execution and relational norms contribute to collaborative performance. Second, government support and business ties weaken the role of contractual execution, whereas legal enforcement strengthens it. Third, business ties enhance the effects of relational norms, and, unexpectedly, government support also fosters the relationship between relational norms and collaborative performance. Originality/value First, this study solves the problem of conflicting findings on the relationship between contract and performance by examining the effect of contractual execution, rather than contract design, on collaborative performance. Second, this study contributes to institutional theory by examining the moderating role of formal institutions. Third, this study deepens the understanding of the role of business ties by exploring its moderating effect on the relationship between control mechanisms and collaborative performance.

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