Effect of Position and Flow Waveform on the Fluid Mechanics of a Stenosed Human Right Coronary Artery

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. B. Chandran ◽  
S. D. Ramaswamy ◽  
Y.-G. Lai ◽  
A. Wahle ◽  
M. Sonka
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Mechanics ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Coronary Vessels ◽  
Mechanical Forces ◽  
Flow Waveform ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Plaque Growth ◽  
Oscillatory Shear Stress ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Complete occlusion in any of the coronary vessels leads to a myocardial infarction. The role of fluid mechanical forces in atheroma development has been widely accepted because of preferential plaque growth at certain locations of the vessel geometry, such as a bifurcation or regions of high degrees of curvature. Areas of low and/or oscillatory shear stress have been correlated with atheroma development [1]. In order to determine the relationship between fluid mechanical stresses and development of lesions in the coronary vessels, it is important to analyze the fluid mechanics in actual three-dimensional geometries, incorporating the time-dependent translation and geometric alterations of these vessels [2,3].

Ethics, National Sovereignty and the Control of Immigration

1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myron Weiner
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Moral Obligation ◽  
Human Right ◽  
National Sovereignty ◽  
Migration Policies ◽  
Open Borders ◽  
The Relationship

This paper examines the debate as to whether migration is a basic human right or if the claims of outsiders are superseded by the principle of national sovereignty – the moral obligation of states to do the best for their own citizens. In evaluating migration and refugees it focuses on issues of open borders, migration selectivity, the capacity of sovereign states to control entry, the claims of refugees, the relationship between sovereignty and justifiable intervention, and the role of public opinion and morals throughout migration policies.

scholarly journals How Consumer Environmental Responsibility Affects the Purchasing Intention of Design Furniture Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6140
Author(s):  
Marica Barbaritano ◽  
Elisabetta Savelli
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Environmental Responsibility ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Green Consumption ◽  
Purchasing Intention ◽  
Design Attributes ◽  
The Relationship

Consumer environmental responsibility has been commonly considered as an antecedent to green consumption intention and eco-design purchases. However, little research has investigated how environmental concern affects the relationship between design attributes and purchasing intention, especially in the furniture setting, where companies are often involved in design-intensive processes and environmental problems. This study investigates (i) how consumers perceive the different dimensions of design and which attributes most affect their purchasing intention of furniture items; and (ii) the role of consumers’ environmental responsibility on the relationship between design attributes and purchasing intention. An online questionnaire survey was employed to collect data from 350 Italian consumers. The findings reveal that design can be intended as a three-dimensional construct, based on functional, aesthetic, and symbolic attributes. While functional and aesthetic features can be considered as relevant factors affecting the consumers’ perception of design, the purchasing intention is mainly influenced by the symbolic dimension of design. Moreover, environmental concern moderates the relationship between the symbolic dimension of design and purchasing intention, that is, when consumers are highly concerned about environmental issues, they tend to be more influenced by the symbolic dimension of design. Several theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

The mediating effect of English usage on Facebook on the relationship between shyness and English as a foreign language achievement in university students

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-461
Author(s):  
Po-Chi Kao
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
University Students ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
English Usage ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to examine a conceptualized three-dimensional construct to test whether English usage on Facebook plays a mediating role in the relationships between shyness and English as a foreign language (EFL) achievement. A total of 174 Taiwanese university students who were enrolled in EFL courses participated in this study. When examining the role of English usage on Facebook as a mediator in the relationship between shyness and EFL achievement, I found that English usage on Facebook was negatively associated with shyness, but positively associated with EFL achievement. The results indicated that English usage on Facebook partially mediated the relationship between shyness and EFL achievement. The strength of the mediating effect suggested that English usage on Facebook explained part of the negative relationship between shyness and EFL achievement. The findings may provide valuable and useful information for linguistic and psychological research in pedagogical contexts.

The Sahara

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara E. Barich
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Representation ◽  
Three Dimensional Representation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Symbolic Content ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter discusses the collection of objects, in clay and stone, from various pastoral Saharan sites whose original core area lay between Libya (Tadrart Acacus) and Algeria (Tassili- n-Ajjer). The chapter starts from the general theme of the relationship between the figurines and the subjects they represent, and the difference between two-dimensional and three-dimensional representation. It goes on to discuss the manufacturing process of the clay specimens (dating from between 7000 and 4000 years ago) and the significance of the changes introduced by the Neolithic. Most of the items studied fall into the category of zoomorphic figurines, with only two anthropomorphic examples, and find in the depiction of cattle their most striking subject. These representations possess an evident symbolic content which must be framed within the pastoral ideology of the Saharan Neolithic. In the anthropomorphic figurines the representation of the human body also plays the role of recapturing the sense of wholeness.

scholarly journals The role of mechanical forces in the planar-to-bulk transition in growing Escherichia coli microcolonies

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (97) ◽  
pp. 20140400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew A. A. Grant ◽  
Bartłomiej Wacław ◽  
Rosalind J. Allen ◽  
Pietro Cicuta
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Colony Size ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Phenomenological Theory ◽  
Mechanical Forces ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Surrounding Matrix ◽  
Dimensional Growth

Mechanical forces are obviously important in the assembly of three-dimensional multicellular structures, but their detailed role is often unclear. We have used growing microcolonies of the bacterium Escherichia coli to investigate the role of mechanical forces in the transition from two-dimensional growth (on the interface between a hard surface and a soft agarose pad) to three-dimensional growth (invasion of the agarose). We measure the position within the colony where the invasion transition happens, the cell density within the colony and the colony size at the transition as functions of the concentration of the agarose. We use a phenomenological theory, combined with individual-based computer simulations, to show how mechanical forces acting between the bacterial cells, and between the bacteria and the surrounding matrix, lead to the complex phenomena observed in our experiments—in particular the observation that agarose concentration non-trivially affects the colony size at transition. Matching these approaches leads to a prediction for how the friction between the bacteria and the agarose should vary with agarose concentration. Our experimental conditions mimic numerous clinical and environmental scenarios in which bacteria invade soft matrices, as well as shedding more general light on the transition between two- and three-dimensional growth in multicellular assemblies.

Invited Review: Role of mechanophysiology in aging of ECM: effects of changes in mechanochemical transduction

2003 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 2134-2141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick H. Silver ◽  
Dale DeVore ◽  
Lorraine M. Siperko
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Mechanical Forces ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Cellular Behavior ◽  
Cellular Events ◽  
Musculoskeletal Tissues ◽  
Mammalian Tissues ◽  
Mechanochemical Transduction ◽  
The Relationship

Mechanical forces play a role in the development and evolution of extracellular matrices (ECMs) found in connective tissue. Gravitational forces acting on mammalian tissues increase the net muscle forces required for movement of vertebrates. As body mass increases during development, musculoskeletal tissues and other ECMs are able to adapt their size to meet the increased mechanical requirements. However, the control mechanisms that allow for rapid growth in tissue size during development are altered during maturation and aging. The purpose of this mini-review is to examine the relationship between mechanical loading and cellular events that are associated with downregulation of mechanochemical transduction, which appears to contribute to aging of connective tissue. These changes result from decreases in growth factor and hormone levels, as well as decreased activation of the phosphorelay system that controls cell division, gene expression, and protein synthesis. Studies pertaining to the interactions among mechanical forces, growth factors, hormones, and their receptors will better define the relationship between mechanochemical transduction processes and cellular behavior in aging tissues.

From Knowledge to Informational Basis: Capability, Capacity to Aspire and Research

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 899-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vando Borghi
Keyword(s):  
Capability Approach ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Human Right ◽  
The Social ◽  
Effective Exchange ◽  
Informational Basis ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Capability Approach

This article explores the way the process of transformation of knowledge into an ‘informational basis’ (of policies and of public choice) represents a good terrain for building an effective exchange and collaboration between the capability approach and other efforts, in the social sciences, to emphasize the crucial role of agency, actors’ critical capacities and voice. Beyond the rhetorical image of our self-claimed ‘knowledge societies’, the analysis of the contemporary characteristics of the relationship between knowledge and an informational basis leads us to reconceive research in terms of a human right to actively participate in the knowledge-making process, enabling citizens’ capacity for voice to intervene in the construction of the informational bases of the collective decision. Starting from focusing on these transformations through research cases about the informational basis framing the relationship between safety and work, the article shows how, beyond labour issues, at stake is the relationship between knowledge and democracy, as the core moment of the latter, before the political choice is the cognitive one. An effective interaction between the capability approach and other social science perspectives of research centred on agency and capacity offers very helpful analytical tools for a critical appraisal and inquiry into these transformations.

scholarly journals A Novel Integration of Social Capital, Emotional Attachment and Organizational Innovation

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
NoorUl Ain ◽  
◽  
Mehwish Waheed
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Organizational Innovation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Emotional Attachment ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Interaction Density

The social capital and attachment theory are employed to theoretically define the relationships between three social capital dimensions (trust, interaction density and cooperation), three-dimensional emotional attachment (affection, passion and connection) and organizational innovation – by considering the organizational climate as a potential moderator. This study proposes a) social capital and emotional attachment contribution to organizational innovation b) moderating role of organizational climate in the relationship between social capital, emotional attachment and organizational innovation. The suggestions conclude that keeping an account of employees’ social capital and emotional attachment may help the organization to take an innovative position in the market.

scholarly journals Emotional Expression and Artistic Reconstruction in Musical Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 112-115
Author(s):  
Li Yue
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Self ◽  
Musical Performance ◽  
Important Means ◽  
The Relationship

The emotional expression brought by music is the self-realization and artistic reconstruction of the art of music in performance. From the perspective of the development of musical performance, artistic reconstruction is an important means of expression which does not only explores the emotional connotation of music but also endows music with stronger vitality through the performers’ understanding and imagination, presenting them to the audience in a more three-dimensional way and stirring up deep resonance. Performers can also gradually develop their own style of performance. How to better integrate the interaction between the two is an important proposition in exploring musical performance. This paper focuses on the relationship between emotional expression and artistic reconstruction in addition to elaborating the important role of the two in musical performance to provide a useful reference for music creators and performers.

The Role of Typical Contours in the Encodement of Objects in Three-Dimensional Arrays

Perception ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan B Deręgowski ◽  
Peter McGeorge
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Picture Plane ◽  
Children's Drawings ◽  
Frontoparallel Plane ◽  
Correct Position ◽  
Children’S Drawings ◽  
Position And Orientation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Two experiments are reported in which the relationship between the orientation of the typical contour of a lamella in relation to the observer, and the ability of the observer to learn the correct position and orientation of sets of lamellae in three-dimensional arrays, was examined. For lamellae presented with their typical contour in a plane other than the observer's frontoparallel plane, the results of both experiments indicated that participants encoded lamellae in such a way that their typical contour appeared to be closer to the observer's frontoparallel plane than the respective stimulus. The relationship of the present findings to previous results on children's drawings and to the concept of the picture plane are considered.

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