Influence of a single loading episode on gene expression in healing rat Achilles tendons

2012 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pernilla Eliasson ◽  
Therese Andersson ◽  
Per Aspenberg
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mechanical Loading ◽  
Tendon Healing ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Secondary Effects ◽  
Gene Expression Response ◽  
Affymetrix Microarray ◽  
Healing Tendon ◽  
Expression Response ◽  
Stimulation Of

Mechanical loading stimulates tendon healing via mechanisms that are largely unknown. Genes will be differently regulated in loaded healing tendons, compared with unloaded, just because of the fact that healing processes have been changed. To avoid such secondary effects and study the effect of loading per se, we therefore studied the gene expression response shortly after a single loading episode in otherwise unloaded healing tendons. The Achilles tendon was transected in 30 tail-suspended rats. The animals were let down from the suspension to load their tendons on a treadmill for 30 min once, 5 days after tendon transection. Gene expression was studied by Affymetrix microarray before and 3, 12, 24, and 48 h after loading. The strongest response in gene expression was seen 3 h after loading, when 150 genes were up- or downregulated (fold change ≥2, P ≤ 0.05). Twelve hours after loading, only three genes were upregulated, whereas 38 were downregulated. Fewer than seven genes were regulated after 24 and 48 h. Genes involved in the inflammatory response were strongly regulated at 3 and 12 h after loading; this included upregulation of iNOS, PGE synthase, and IL-1β. Also genes involved in wound healing/coagulation, angiogenesis, and production of reactive oxygen species were strongly regulated by loading. Microarray results were confirmed for 16 selected genes in a repeat experiment ( N = 30 rats) using real-time PCR. It was also confirmed that a single loading episode on day 5 increased the strength of the healing tendon on day 12. In conclusion, the fact that there were hardly any regulated genes 24 h after loading suggests that optimal stimulation of healing requires a mechanical loading stimulus every day.

Microtrauma stimulates rat Achilles tendon healing via an early gene expression pattern similar to mechanical loading

2014 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malin Hammerman ◽  
Per Aspenberg ◽  
Pernilla Eliasson
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Mechanical Loading ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Tendon Healing ◽  
Early Gene ◽  
Striking Similarity ◽  
Gene Expression Response ◽  
Healing Tissue ◽  
Increased Strength

Mechanical loading increases the strength of healing tendons, but also induces small localized bleedings. Therefore, it is unclear if increased strength after loading is a response to mechanotransduction or microtrauma. We have previously found only five genes to be up-regulated 15 min after a single loading episode, of them four were transcription factors. These genes are followed by hundreds of genes after 3 h, many of them involved in inflammation. We now compared healing in mechanically unloaded tendons with or without added microtrauma induced by needling of the healing tissue. Nineteen rats received Botox into the calf muscle to reduce loading, and the Achilles tendon was transected. Ten rats were randomized to needling days 2–5. Mechanical testing on day 8 showed increased strength by 45% in the needling group. Next, another 24 rats were similarly unloaded, and 16 randomized to needling on day 5 after transection. Nineteen characteristic genes, known to be regulated by loading in this model, were analyzed by qRT-PCR. Four of these genes were regulated 15 min after needling. Three of them (Egr1, c-Fos, Rgs1) were among the five regulated genes after loading in a previous study. Sixteen of the 19 genes were regulated after 3 h, in the same way as after loading. In conclusion, needling increased strength, and there was a striking similarity between the gene expression response to needling and mechanical loading. This suggests that the response to loading in early tendon healing can, at least in part, be a response to microtrauma.

Gene expression response of mouse lung, liver and white adipose tissue to β-carotene supplementation, knockout of Bcmo1 and sex

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 1466-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne G. J. van Helden ◽  
Roger W. L. Godschalk ◽  
Johannes von Lintig ◽  
Georg Lietz ◽  
Jean-Francois Landrier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mouse Lung ◽  
Gene Expression Response ◽  
Expression Response ◽  
Β Carotene

Gene expression response of the alga Fucus virsoides (Fucales, Ochrophyta) to glyphosate solution exposure

2020 ◽  
Vol 267 ◽  
pp. 115483
Author(s):  
Marco Gerdol ◽  
Andrea Visintin ◽  
Sara Kaleb ◽  
Francesca Spazzali ◽  
Alberto Pallavicini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Expression Response ◽  
Expression Response

scholarly journals VExD: A curated resource for human gene expression following viral infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip J Dexheimer ◽  
Mario Pujato ◽  
Krishna Roskin ◽  
Matthew T Weirauch
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Human Gene ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Gene Expression Response ◽  
Human Gene Expression ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Uniform Manner ◽  
Expression Response ◽  
Virus Expression

AbstractMotivationHuman viruses cause significant mortality, morbidity, and economic disruption worldwide. The human gene expression response to viral infection can yield important insights into the detrimental effects to the host. To date, hundreds of studies have performed genome-scale profiling of the effect of viral infection on human gene expression. However, no resource exists that aggregates human expression results across multiple studies, viruses, and tissue types.ResultsWe developed the Virus Expression Database (VExD), a comprehensive curated resource of transcriptomic studies of viral infection in human cells. We have processed all studies within VExD in a uniform manner, allowing users to easily compare human gene expression changes across conditions.Availability and ImplementationVExD is freely accessible at https://vexd.cchmc.org for all modern web browsers. An Application Programming Interface (API) for VExD is also available. The source code is available at https://github.com/pdexheimer/[email protected], [email protected]

scholarly journals Disruption of TFIIH activities generates a stress gene expression response and reveals possible new targets against cancer

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maritere Urioistegui-Arcos ◽  
Rodrigo Aguayo-Ortiz ◽  
María del Pilar Valencia-Morales ◽  
Erika Melchy-Pérez ◽  
Yvonne Rosenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Tumour Growth ◽  
Transformed Cells ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Gene Expression Response ◽  
New Targets ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Promoter Occupancy ◽  
Expression Response ◽  
Stress Gene

AbstractDisruption of the enzymatic activities of the transcription factor TFIIH by Triptolide (TPL) or THZ1 could be used against cancer. Here, we used an oncogenesis model to compare the effect of TFIIH inhibitors between transformed cells and their progenitors. We report that tumour cells exhibited highly increased sensitivity to TPL or THZ1 and that the combination of both had an additive effect. TPL affects the interaction between XPB and P52, causing a reduction in the levels of XPB, P52, and P8, but not other TFIIH subunits. RNA-Seq and RNAPII-ChIP-Seq experiments showed that although the levels of many transcripts were reduced, the levels of a significant number were increased after TPL treatment, with maintained or increased RNAPII promoter occupancy. A significant number of these genes encode for factors that have been related to tumour growth and metastasis. Some of these genes were also overexpressed in response to THZ1, which depletion enhances the toxicity of TPL and are possible new targets against cancer.

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