Muscle-specific glucose and free fatty acid uptake after sprint interval and moderate-intensity training in healthy middle-aged men

2015 ◽  
Vol 118 (9) ◽  
pp. 1172-1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jari-Joonas Eskelinen ◽  
Ilkka Heinonen ◽  
Eliisa Löyttyniemi ◽  
Virva Saunavaara ◽  
Anna Kirjavainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Fatty Acid Uptake ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Intensity Training

We tested the hypothesis that sprint interval training (SIT) causes larger improvements in glucose and free fatty acid uptake (FFAU) in lower and upper body muscles than moderate-intensity training (MIT). Twenty-eight healthy, untrained, middle-aged men were randomized into SIT ( n = 14, 4–6 × 30 s of all-out cycling/4 min recovery) and MIT groups [ n = 14, 40–60 min cycling at 60% of peak O2 uptake (V̇o2 peak)] and completed six training sessions within 2 wk. Pre- and postmeasurements included V̇o2 peak, whole body (M-value), muscle-specific insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (GU), and fasting FFAU measured with positron emission tomography in thigh [quadriceps femoris (QF) and hamstrings] and upper body (deltoids, biceps, and triceps brachii) muscles. V̇o2 peak and M-value improved significantly by 6 and 12% in SIT, and 3 and 8% in MIT, respectively,. GU increased significantly only in the QF, and there was no statistically significant difference between the training modes. GU increased in all four heads of QF in response to SIT, but only in the vasti muscles in response to MIT, whereas in rectus femoris the response was completely lacking. Training response in FFAU in QF was smaller and nonsignificant, but it also differed between the training modes in the rectus femoris. In conclusion, SIT and MIT increased insulin-stimulated GU only in the main working muscle QF and not in the upper body muscles. In addition, the biarticular rectus femoris did not respond to moderate-intensity training, reflecting most probably poor activation of it during moderate-intensity cycling.

scholarly journals Two weeks of moderate-intensity continuous training, but not high-intensity interval training, increases insulin-stimulated intestinal glucose uptake

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 1188-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumail K. Motiani ◽  
Anna M. Savolainen ◽  
Jari-Joonas Eskelinen ◽  
Jussi Toivanen ◽  
Tamiko Ishizu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Fatty Acid Uptake ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Continuous Training

Similar to muscles, the intestine is also insulin resistant in obese subjects and subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. Exercise training improves muscle insulin sensitivity, but its effects on intestinal metabolism are not known. We studied the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on intestinal glucose and free fatty acid uptake from circulation in humans. Twenty-eight healthy, middle-aged, sedentary men were randomized for 2 wk of HIIT or MICT. Intestinal insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and fasting free fatty acid uptake from circulation were measured using positron emission tomography and [18F]FDG and [18F]FTHA. In addition, effects of HIIT and MICT on intestinal GLUT2 and CD36 protein expression were studied in rats. Training improved aerobic capacity ( P = 0.001) and whole body insulin sensitivity ( P = 0.04), but not differently between HIIT and MICT. Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake increased only after the MICT in the colon (HIIT = 0%; MICT = 37%) ( P = 0.02 for time × training) and tended to increase in the jejunum (HIIT = −4%; MICT = 13%) ( P = 0.08 for time × training). Fasting free fatty acid uptake decreased in the duodenum in both groups (HIIT = −6%; MICT = −48%) ( P = 0.001 time) and tended to decrease in the colon in the MICT group (HIIT = 0%; MICT = −38%) ( P = 0.08 for time × training). In rats, both training groups had higher GLUT2 and CD36 expression compared with control animals. This study shows that already 2 wk of MICT enhances insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, while both training modes reduce fasting free fatty acid uptake in the intestine in healthy, middle-aged men, providing an additional mechanism by which exercise training can improve whole body metabolism. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study where the effects of exercise training on the intestinal substrate uptake have been investigated using the most advanced techniques available. We also show the importance of exercise intensity in inducing these changes.

Effect of exercise intensities on free fatty acid uptake in whole-body organs measured with 123I-BMIPP-SPECT

2008 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 769-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Kitada ◽  
Kazuo Kubota ◽  
Ryoichi Nagatomi ◽  
Masatoshi Itoh ◽  
Manabu Tashiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Uptake ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Acid Uptake

Effect of insulin on free fatty acid uptake by hepatocytes in the duck

1984 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gross ◽  
P. Mialhe
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Uptake ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Higher Doses

ABSTRACT To elucidate the hypolipacidaemic effect of insulin in ducks, its action on the uptake of free fatty acids (FFA) by duck hepatocytes was determined. At low doses (10 mu./l) insulin stimulated FFA uptake. This effect was not observed with higher doses of insulin (20, 30 and 50 mu./l). Growth hormone at physiological concentrations and corticosterone (14·4 nmol/l) decreased basal activity, probably by reducing glucose metabolism and consequently α-glycerophosphate (α-GP) supply. Insulin was able to reverse the inhibition induced by GH and corticosterone on both FFA uptake and α-GP production. These results therefore suggest that the hypolipacidaemic effect of insulin may be partly mediated by its action on hepatic FFA uptake. J. Endocr. (1984) 102, 381–386

Isotope tracer measures of meal fatty acid metabolism: reproducibility and effects of the menstrual cycle

2005 ◽  
Vol 288 (3) ◽  
pp. E547-E555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paola Uranga ◽  
James Levine ◽  
Michael Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Fatty Acid Uptake ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Lower Body

Oxidation and adipose tissue uptake of dietary fat can be measured by adding fatty acid tracers to meals. These studies were conducted to measure between-study variability of these types of experiments and assess whether dietary fatty acids are handled differently in the follicular vs. luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Healthy normal-weight men ( n = 12) and women ( n = 12) participated in these studies, which were block randomized to control for study order, isotope ([3H]triolein vs. [14C]triolein), and menstrual cycle. Energy expenditure (indirect calorimetry), meal fatty acid oxidation, and meal fatty acid uptake into upper body and lower body subcutaneous fat (biopsies) 24 h after the experimental meal were measured. A greater portion of meal fatty acids was stored in upper body subcutaneous adipose tissue (24 ± 2 vs. 16 ± 2%, P < 0.005) and lower body fat (12 ± 1 vs. 7 ± 1%, P < 0.005) in women than in men. Meal fatty acid oxidation (3H2O generation) was greater in men than in women (52 ± 3 vs. 45 ± 2%, P = 0.04). Leg adipose tissue uptake of meal fatty acids was 15 ± 2% in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle and 10 ± 1% in the luteal phase ( P = NS). Variance in meal fatty acid uptake was somewhat ( P = NS) greater in women than in men, although menstrual cycle factors did not contribute significantly. We conclude that leg uptake of dietary fat is slightly more variable in women than in men, but that there are no major effects of menstrual cycle on meal fatty acid disposal.

Effect of 2,4-dinitrophenol on Free Fatty Acid Uptake by Skeletal Muscle.

1961 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Spitzer ◽  
W. T. McElroy ◽  
B. Issekutz
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Uptake ◽  
Acid Uptake

Organ-specific dietary fatty acid uptake in humans using positron emission tomography coupled to computed tomography

2011 ◽  
Vol 300 (3) ◽  
pp. E445-E453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien M. Labbé ◽  
Thomas Grenier-Larouche ◽  
Etienne Croteau ◽  
François Normand-Lauzière ◽  
Frédérique Frisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Distribution ◽  
Standard Uptake Value ◽  
Fatty Acid Uptake ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acid ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Noninvasive Method ◽  
Liquid Meal ◽  
Positron Emission

A noninvasive method to determine postprandial fatty acid tissue partition may elucidate the link between excess dietary fat and type 2 diabetes. We hypothesized that the positron-emitting fatty acid analog 14( R, S)-[18F]fluoro-6-thia-heptadecanoic acid (18FTHA) administered orally during a meal would be incorporated into chylomicron triglycerides, allowing determination of interorgan dietary fatty acid uptake. We administered 18FTHA orally at the beginning of a standard liquid meal ingested in nine healthy men. There was no significant 18FTHA uptake in the portal vein and the liver during the 1st hour. Whole body PET/CT acquisition revealed early appearance of 18FTHA in the distal thoracic duct, reaching a peak at time 240 min. 18FTHA mean standard uptake value increased progressively in the liver, heart, quadriceps, and subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues between time 60 and 240 min. Most circulating 18F activity between time 0 and 360 min was recovered into chylomicron triglycerides. Using Triton WR-1339 treatment in rats that received 18FTHA by gavage, we confirmed that >90% of this tracer reached the circulation as triglycerides. This novel noninvasive method to determine tissue dietary fatty acid distribution in humans should prove useful in the study of the mechanisms leading to lipotoxicity.

scholarly journals Capsaicin, nonivamide and trans-pellitorine decrease free fatty acid uptake without TRPV1 activation and increase acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase activity in Caco-2 cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Rohm ◽  
Annett Riedel ◽  
Jakob P. Ley ◽  
Sabine Widder ◽  
Gerhard E. Krammer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Coenzyme A ◽  
Fatty Acid Uptake ◽  
Synthetase Activity ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme

The effects of capsaicin, nonivamide,trans-pellitorine and vanillin as the basic structural element of all vanilloids on the mechanisms of intestinal fatty acid uptake in differentiated intestinal Caco-2 cells were studied.

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