Automated X-Ray Diffraction Laboratory System

1971 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 114-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annin Segmüller
Keyword(s):  
Computer System ◽  
Pole Figure ◽  
Laboratory System ◽  
Time Sharing ◽  
Data Logging ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Complete Control ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Time Sharing System ◽  
Structure Research

An IBM 1800 time-sharing system is used in our X-ray laboratory to control a four-circle diffractometer for structure research, several powder diffractometers, a pole-figure goniometer and a microdensitometer along with other instruments outside the diffraction area. A survey of the computer system is given and the hardware necessary to automate the diffractometers is discussed. The computer supervision ranges from simple data-logging with a minimum of control to complete control of all actions depending on the diffractometer and the requirements of the experiment. Also described is the use of the computer to process the data and to perform background jobs.

Computer-Controlled X-Ray and Neutron Diffraction Experiments

1971 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 70-89
Author(s):  
Melvin H. Mueller
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Time Sharing ◽  
Large Computer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Magnetic Structures ◽  
On Line ◽  
Electronic Computers ◽  
Computer Controlled ◽  
Time Sharing System

The use of on-line computers for control and acquisition of data from x-ray and neutron diffractometers has continuously improved and expanded. Systems vary from a small 4K core computer to a time-sharing system with a medium or large computer. The choice of a single time-shared computer or an individual standalone system must be based on one's own particular environment. As large high-speed electronic computers became available, increasingly complex chemical and magnetic structures have been analysed and solved; this has created a demand for rapid, reliable, and versatile means of obtaining diffraction data. Since small computers have been developed at reduced cost and with increased storage capacity, they must be considered for use in diffraction experimentation. Therefore, in x-ray and neutron scattering, small computers are needed for data acquisition and large computers are needed for data analysis.

X-ray diffraction pole figure measurements of diamond films grown on platinum (111)

1997 ◽  
Vol 82 (9) ◽  
pp. 4327-4330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Tachibana ◽  
Yoshihiro Yokota ◽  
Koji Kobashi ◽  
Yoshihiro Shintani
Keyword(s):  
Pole Figure ◽  
Diamond Films ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

In enrichment in (In,Ga)As/GaAs quantum dots studied by high-resolution x-ray diffraction and pole figure analysis

1999 ◽  
Vol 75 (19) ◽  
pp. 2957-2959 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Krost ◽  
J. Bläsing ◽  
F. Heinrichsdorff ◽  
D. Bimberg
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Pole Figure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

The Measurement of Elastic Constants for the Determination of Stresses by X-Rays

1983 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 159-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Perry ◽  
I.C. Noyan ◽  
P.J. Rudnik ◽  
J.B. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Interplanar Spacing ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Laboratory System ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Measured Change ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Applied Stresses

Residual and applied stresses (σij) are often measured via X-ray diffraction, by calculating the resultant elastic strains (ϵij) from the measured change in interplanar spacing (“d”). This method is non-destructive, reasonably reproducible (typically ±14 MPa), can be carried out in the field, and is readily automated to give values to an operator-specified precision , Let Li represent the axes of the measuring system with L3 normal to the diffracting planes, and Pi represent the sample axes. These axes are illustrated in Figure 1. In what follows, primed stresses and strains are in the laboratory system, while unprimed values are in the sample system.

Direct Printout X-Ray Pole Figures from Digital Computers

1968 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 391-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung-Chi Chao
Keyword(s):  
Computer Program ◽  
Pole Figure ◽  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Digital Computer ◽  
Stereographic Projection ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pole Figures ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Digital Computers

AbstractThe texture of sheet metal Is best described, by means of pole figures, which are very expensive and time-consuming to prepare. About 8 to 12 hours of effort by a specially trained, and. highly skilled technician are needed to prepare each pole figure. Accordingly, pole figures are not used as extensively in research studies as they would, be if they could be obtained more easily.A method has been developed for automatically producing pole figures by printing results directly from a digital computer. This method does not require the use of additional plotting attachments and, is therefore less expensive and time consuming than other methods. With this method, any laboratory with access to a digital computer can produce pole figures automatically.X-ray diffraction intensities are recorded on punched tape or on punched cards and are fed into the digital computer. A computer program corrects X-ray data obtained, by either transmission or reflection X-ray techniques, maps the stereographic projection, and prints pole figures directly. The time required, to prepare an accurate pole figure is reduced from 8 to 12 hours to 20 minutes or less depending on the type of digital computer used.

Procedures to Run an Automated Micro—Densitometer on a Shared Computer System

1970 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 338-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin Segmüller ◽  
Henderson Cole
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Computer System ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Time Sharing ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Processing Data

AbstractA commercial micro-densitometer is run by an IBM 1800 computer under time sharing. It is used for measuring the transmission of mass spectrometer plates and x-ray powder diffraction films. The x-ray data are processed on the 1800 computer in three steps: First a linear background approximation is performed by least-squares methods, then the data corrected for background are searched for peaks and the position of the peaks is determined. After an optional manual peak selection facilitated by CRT display of the data and results, d-spacings are calculated and printed out together with approximate intensities. The programs are also used for processing data obtained By automated x-ray diffractometers.

X-ray diffraction pole figure measurements on a poly(vinyl fluoride) film

1978 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 3031-3033 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Large ◽  
W. F. Maddams ◽  
J. E. Preedy
Keyword(s):  
Pole Figure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vinyl Fluoride

William Barlow’s early publications in the ‘Zeitschrift für Krystallographie und Mineralogie’ and their influence on crystal structure research

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 769-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Paufler
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Crystal Morphology ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Space Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Structure Research

AbstractThe English crystallographer William Barlow is famous for two achievements, both published in German, in Zeitschrift für Krystallographie und Mineralogie between 1894 and 1901. They concern the derivation of all possible symmetrical arrangements of points in space and the idea to represent crystal structures by replacing points by spheres. His results had an impact upon crystal structure modelling and describing crystal morphology. Utilizing self-made models, he found the 230 space group types of symmetry obtained earlier by both E. S. Fedorow and A. Schoenflies in a different manner. The structures he proposed before the discovery of X-ray diffraction served in some cases as starting point for the interpretation of diffraction patterns thereafter.

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