scholarly journals A Retrospective Analysis of Practice Patterns in the Treatment of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusSkin and Soft Tissue Infections at Three Canadian Tertiary Care Centres

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 315-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M Conly ◽  
H Grant Stiver ◽  
Karl A Weiss ◽  
Debbie L Becker ◽  
Andrew J Rosner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Treatment Patterns ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Alternative Analysis ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Switch Therapy ◽  
Oral Switch ◽  
The Mean

BACKGROUND: Methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) infections are increasingly being encountered and pose an increasing burden to the health care system in Canada.OBJECTIVE: To elucidate and characterize the factors influencing the current MRSA treatment patterns in patients with skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) before linezolid became available on the Canadian market.METHODS: A retrospective study collected demographic, treatment and resource use data on patients hospitalized at one of three geographically distinct tertiary care facilities, where MRSA SSTI treatment was initiated with intravenous (IV) vancomycin. Analysis of opportunities for IV-to-oral switch therapy was based on eligibility criteria.RESULTS: Of 89 patients identified over a 43-month period, the mean (±SD) durations of anti-infective treatment and hospitalization were 22.4±21 days and 28.9±20.8 days, respectively. An infected surgical wound was most common, representing 62.9% of infections. The mean duration of vancomycin treatment was 19.5 days and the mean number of 1 g doses received was 29.0±32.9. The majority of patients (55.1%) initiated vancomycin therapy a mean of 5.4±8.9 days after confirmation of MRSA. Of the 70% of patients meeting criteria for IV-to-oral switch therapy, only 10% received oral treatment. The most common reason cited for not switching was lack of an effective oral alternative. Analysis of switch therapy criteria found that IV treatment continued for a mean of 13 days despite the appropriateness of the oral route.CONCLUSIONS: Considerable variation exists in treatment patterns for MRSA infections. Improvements in the initiation of therapy and the use of IV-to-oral switch therapy may improve care and reduce the duration of hospitalization for MRSA SSTIs.

scholarly journals Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections in Intensive Care

2021 ◽  
pp. 088506662110101
Author(s):  
Alexandru Ogica ◽  
Christoph Burdelski ◽  
Holger Rohde ◽  
Stefan Kluge ◽  
Geraldine de Heer
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Sofa Score ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Serum Lactate ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Organ Dysfunctions

Background: Necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTIs) are typically characterized by extensive soft tissue destruction with systemic signs of toxicity, ranging from sepsis to septic shock. Our aim was to analyze the clinical characteristics, microbiological results, laboratory data, therapies, and outcome of patients with NSTIs admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: A monocentric observational study of patients admitted to the ICU of a university hospital between January 2009 and December 2017. The demographic characteristics, comorbidities, clinical features, microbiology and laboratory results, organ dysfunctions, therapies, and outcome were retrospectively analyzed. Results: There were 59 patients and 70% males. The mean age (± SD) was 55 ± 18; type II (monomicrobial) NSTI was present in 36 patients (61%); the most common isolated pathogen was Streptococcus pyogenes in 28 patients (48%). Septic shock was diagnosed in 41 patients (70%). The most common organ dysfunctions were circulatory and renal in 42 (71%) and 38 patients (64%). The mean value (± SD) of serum lactate at admission to the ICU was 4.22 ± 5.42 mmol/l, the median SOFA score and SAPS II were 7 (IQR 4 - 10) and 46 (IQR 30.5 - 53). ICU mortality rate was 25%. Both SOFA score and serum lactate demonstrated a good prognostic value regarding ICU outcome (OR 1.29, 95%CI 1.07-1.57, P < 0.007 and OR 1.53, 95%CI 1.19-1.98, P < 0.001). A cut-off value for serum lactate of 6.55 mmol/L positively predicted mortality with 67% sensitivity and 97% specificity. Conclusion: NSTIs carry a high risk of septic shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and thus are still associated with high mortality. In our study, the value of serum lactate at admission to the ICU correlated well with mortality. This easy-to-measure parameter could play a role in the decision-making process regarding prognosis and continuation of care.

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetic Profile of Meropenem, Administered at 500 Milligrams Every 8 Hours, in Plasma and Cantharidin-Induced Skin Blister Fluid

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1771-1773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Maglio ◽  
Renli Teng ◽  
Per T. Thyrum ◽  
Charles H. Nightingale ◽  
David P. Nicolau
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Elimination Rate ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Blister Fluid ◽  
Skin Blister ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT The pharmacokinetic disposition of meropenem, administered at 500 mg every 8 h, in plasma and cantharidin-induced blister fluid is described. Peak meropenem concentrations in blister fluid lagged behind peak meropenem concentrations in plasma, while a lower elimination rate from blister fluid was also noted. The mean penetration of meropenem into blister fluid was 67%. The pharmacokinetic profile of meropenem in blister fluid supports the utility of this dose in the management of skin and soft tissue infections.

scholarly journals LO53: Intravenous cefazolin plus oral probenecid vs. oral cephalexin for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections: a randomized controlled trial

CJEM ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (S1) ◽  
pp. S25-S25
Author(s):  
P. J. Zed ◽  
D. Dalen ◽  
A. Fry ◽  
S. G. Campbell ◽  
J. Eppler
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Clinical Cure ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Risk Difference ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
P Value ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Introduction: Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are a common reason for presentation to an emergency department (ED). Although many patients with mild SSTI are managed with oral antibiotics, those with mild-moderate infections are often treated with parenteral antibiotics, managed in EDs as outpatients using once daily intravenous cefazolin combined with oral probenecid. The purpose of our study was to determine if cephalexin 500 mg orally four times daily was non-inferior to cefazolin 2 g intravenously daily plus probenecid 1 g orally daily in the management of uncomplicated mild-moderate SSTIs patients presenting to the ED.. Methods: This was a prospective, multi-center, double dummy-blind, randomized controlled non-inferiority trial conducted at two tertiary care teaching hospitals in Canada. Patients were enrolled if they presented to the ED with an uncomplicated SSTI, in a 1:1 fashion to oral cephalexin or intravenous cefazolin plus oral probenecid for up to 7 days. The primary outcome was failure of therapy at 72 hours. Clinical cure at 7 days, intravenous to oral step-down, admission to hospital and adverse events were also evaluated. Results: 206 patients were randomized with 104 patients in the cephalexin group and 102 in the cefazolin and probenecid group. The proportion of patients failing therapy at 72 hours was similar between the treatment groups (4.2% and 6.1%, risk difference 1.9%, 95% CI (-3.3% to 7.1%), p-value for non-inferiority=0.001). Clinical cure at seven days was not significantly different (100% and 97.7%, risk difference -2.3%, 95% CI (-4.9% to 0.3%), p-value for non-inferiority=0.008). Conclusion: Cephalexin at appropriate doses appears to be a safe and effective alternative to outpatient parenteral cefazolin and probenecid in the treatment of uncomplicated mild to moderate SSTIs who present to the ED.

scholarly journals Tetracyclines as an Oral Treatment Option for Patients with Community Onset Skin and Soft Tissue Infections Caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 3298-3303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg J. Ruhe ◽  
Anupama Menon
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Drainage Procedure ◽  
Incision And Drainage ◽  
Time Zero ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Community Onset

ABSTRACT Few data exist on the clinical utility of the expanded-spectrum tetracyclines doxycycline and minocycline for the treatment of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI). We performed a retrospective cohort study of 276 patients who presented with 282 episodes of MRSA SSTI to the emergency room or outpatient clinic at two tertiary medical centers between October 2002 and February 2007. The median percentage of patients infected with MRSA strains that were susceptible to tetracycline was 95%. Time zero was defined as the time of the first incision and drainage procedure or, if none was performed, the time of the first positive wound culture. The median patient age was 48 years. Abscesses constituted the majority of clinical presentations (75%), followed by furuncles or carbuncles (13%) and cellulitis originating from a purulent focus of infection (12%). A total of 225 patients (80%) underwent incision and drainage. Doxycycline or minocycline was administered in 90 episodes (32%); the other 192 SSTI were treated with β-lactams. Treatment failure, defined as the need for a second incision and drainage procedure and/or admission to the hospital within at least 2 days after time zero, was diagnosed in 28 episodes (10%) at a median of 3 days after time zero. On logistic regression analysis, receipt of a β-lactam agent was the only clinical characteristic associated with treatment failure (adjusted odds ratio, 3.94; 95% confidence interval, 1.28 to 12.15; P = 0.02). The expanded-spectrum tetracyclines appear to be a reasonable oral treatment option for patients with community onset MRSA SSTI in areas where MRSA strains are susceptible to the tetracyclines.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document